Download Fast Facts (pg. 258 - 259) Physical Features (pg. 274

Name ____________________________________________ Date _____________ Pd. _______ # __________
Physical Geography of Europe Study Guide
Fast Facts (pg. 258 - 259)
1. Europe is about _____________________ square miles, which is about _________ the size of the United States.
2. Europe is one of the most densely populated regions in the world. The total population is more than
_______________________ people; almost ____________ the population of the US.
3. Largest Island - _________________________ (__________________ sq. mi)
4. Highest point - __________________________ in France/Italy (________________ ft high)
5. Largest lake - ___________________________ in Sweden (________________ sq mi)
6. Longest river - ___________________________ (__________________ mi long)
Physical Features (pg. 274 - 280)
7. ________________ stone was formed by volcanic eruptions on the island of Lipari, off the coast of Sicily, Italy.
8. The continent of Europe is not a separate landmass. Europe and Asia share a common landmass known as
__________________.
9. Most of Europe’s coastline is framed the ________________ ocean and many seas; including the Baltic, North,
_______________________, and Black seas.
Peninsulas and Islands
10. Europe itself is a huge _________________ surrounded by many seas.
11. Europe is also has many islands. In the Atlantic Ocean there is _________________, _________________, and
________________. The other larger islands _______________, _________________, and ________________ are
located in the Mediterranean Sea.
12. Europe is made up of more than ________ independent countries.
13. Name the countries found on each peninsula
Iberain Peninsula - __________________ and ________________.
Appenine Peninsula - _________________________.
Scandinavian Peninsula - ____________________ and ___________________.
Jutland Peninsula - _____________________.
Balkan Peninsula - ______________________.
Plains
14. Europe’s major landform is the ______________________________________________ which stretches from
_______________ and _____________ in the west to _____________ and ______________ in the east. It’s
_____________ soil makes ______________ highly productive.
15. Farmers grow grains, _____________ and _______________ and raise dairy cattle used in making
_________________ and other dairy products.
16. Many natural resources are also found on the plain. ___________, ____________, and other minerals lie
underground.
17. Most of Europe’s people ________________ in this area. The capital cities of Warsaw, Berlin, _____________, and
London are found here.
18. Two other lowland areas are found in southern Europe. The __________________ plain south of the Alps and the
_________________ steppe north of the Black Sea, both have rich soil that support farming.
Mountains and Highlands
19. Europe’s highest mountain ranges form the ________________________________, which stretches from
Spain to the Balkan Peninsula. It is made up of the Alps, _____________________ and _________________.
20. The country of _________________ is located high in the Alps and has been isolated by the mountains. This
isolation has helped the country remain free of conflict and invasions.
21. Other highlands in Europe are used for different activities. The Central Uplands contain much of Europe’s
___________ and the ______________ in Spain is a plateau that is used for growing grains and raising
livestock.
Waterways
22. Two of Europe’s longest rivers are the ________________ and the __________________. They are important
for transporting goods. ______________ link these rivers, further improving Europe’s transportation network.
23. Europe’s rivers also carry _______soil to create excellent farmland, and fast-flowing rivers are used to
generate _________________.
24. Europe’s lakes are used for _____________________ and tourism. People like to boat, ___________, swim
and appreciate nature in these areas.
Energy Resources
25. ____________ has been a major energy resource in Europe for decades and fueled the development of
modern industry in the 1800’s . Almost ________ of the world’s supply comes from Europe.
26. Petroleum and ________________________ are other important energy resources found in Europe. The most
productive oil field lies in the _____________ Sea.
27. Europe also relies on “clean” energy that causes less ________________. In the highlands and mountains,
fast-moving rivers are used to generate _______________________ power. In Germany, Spain, and Denmark
they build __________ farms, which use large turbines to create electricity.
Other Natural Resources
28. European mines produce 1/3 of the world’s __________________, which is used for making steel.
29. Ukraine has deposits of ________________________, another ingredient used to make steel.
30. The United Kingdom exports special clay used to make fine ________________.
31. _______________ from Italy and _________________ from Norway and Sweden are used for building
materials.
32. Only small areas of Europe have forests. Sweden and _____________ have the most forestland and produce
the most lumber.
33. Europe has some of the best farmland in the world. Farmers grow large amounts of grains, including nearly
all of the world’s _________, most of its ___________, and nearly __________ of its wheat. They also grow
more __________________ than anywhere else in the world.
34. Fishing is also important to the economy. They catch ____________ and cod as well as many other varieties
of fish.
Environmental Issues
35. Sometimes the use of natural resources has harmed the area. In deforested area of Southern Europe, tree roots
no longer hold __________ in place and it can be washed away.
36. Air pollution is also a major problem. When pollutants mix with precipitation ________________ falls to the
Earth. This can make trees vulnerable to attacks from insects and disease.
37. In Eastern Europe they burned ____________ coal because it was cheap. However, it burns very poorly and
pollutes heavily resulting in acid rain which destroyed forests in __________, _____________, Czech
Republic and _____________.
38. The dumping of sewage, garbage, and industrial waste into seas, lakes, and rivers and the runoff of pesticides
and fertilizers from farms has caused _______________ pollution.
39. To find a solution to Europe’s environment problems many changes have been made:
1. The government limits the amount of ___________ factories can release in the air.
2. Norway and Sweden add _____________ to their lakes to stop the damage from acid rain.
3. Europeans treat waste and sewage to make rivers and _______________ cleaner.
4. Farmers are encouraged to use less _______________ to reduce runoff damage.
5. They also _______________ items like paper, plastics, and glass to cut down on waste.