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Language Standards 6th Grade Conventions of Standard English 7th Grade Conventions of Standard English 8th Grade Conventions of Standard English L6.1 Demonstrate command of the conventions of standard English grammar and usage when writing or speaking. a. Ensure that pronouns are in the proper case (subjective, objective, possessive). b. Use intensive pronouns (e.g., myself, ourselves). c. Recognize and correct inappropriate shifts in pronoun number and person.* d. Recognize and correct vague pronouns (i.e., ones with unclear or ambiguous antecedents).* e. Recognize variations from standard English in their own and others' writing and speaking, and identify and use strategies to improve expression in conventional language.* L7.1 Demonstrate command of the conventions of standard English grammar and usage when writing or speaking. a. Explain the function of phrases and clauses in general and their function in specific sentences. b. Choose among simple, compound, complex, and compound-complex sentences to signal differing relationships among ideas. c. Place phrases and clauses within a sentence, recognizing and correcting misplaced and dangling modifiers.* L8.1 Demonstrate command of the conventions of standard English grammar and usage when writing or speaking. a. Explain the function of verbals (gerunds, participles, infinitives) in general and their function in particular sentences. b. Form and use verbs in the active and passive voice. c. Form and use verbs in the indicative, imperative, interrogative, conditional, and subjunctive mood. d. Recognize and correct inappropriate shifts in verb voice and mood.* I can independently apply correct grammar to my writing and speaking. I can explain the function of gerunds, participles and infinitives. I can form and use verbs in the active voice. I can form and use verbs in the passive voice. I can form and use verbs in the indicative, imperative, conditional, and subjunctive mood. I can identify and correct incorrect shifts in verb voice and mood. I can use all types of pronouns correctly. I can recognize and correct mistakes in pronoun usage. I can recognize and correct vague use of pronouns. I can recognize proper and slang English in my own and others' writing and speaking and use them appropriately. I can explain the role and function of phrases and clauses in any sentence. I can use simple, compound, complex, and compound-complex sentences within any writing environment (task/audience/purpose). I can use phrases and clauses correctly, including, but not limited to, modifiers. I can identify misplaced and dangling modifiers. I can identify clauses and phrases. DRAFT – March 26, 2012 L6.2 Demonstrate command of the conventions of standard English capitalization, punctuation, and spelling when writing. a. Use punctuation (commas, parentheses, dashes) to set off nonrestrictive/parenthetical elements.* b. Spell correctly. I can use capitalization and punctuation correctly. I can use commas, parentheses and dashes correctly. I can spell correctly. L7.2 Demonstrate command of the conventions of standard English capitalization, punctuation, and spelling when writing. a. Use a comma to separate coordinate adjectives (e.g., It was a fascinating, enjoyable movie but not He wore an old[,] green shirt). b. Spell correctly. I can identify and coordinate adjectives . I can determine when to use a comma with coordinate adjectives. I can correctly use commas with coordinate adjectives. I can apply spelling rules to correctly spell words. L8.2 Demonstrate command of the conventions of standard English capitalization, punctuation, and spelling when writing. a. Use punctuation (comma, ellipsis, dash) to indicate a pause or break. b. Use an ellipsis to indicate an omission. c. Spell correctly. Knowledge of Language L6.3 Use knowledge of language and its conventions when writing, speaking, reading, or listening. a. Vary sentence patterns for meaning, reader/listener interest, and style.* b. Maintain consistency in style and tone.* I can speak, write, read and listen using proper English. I can write with a variety of sentence patterns to make my writing clearer and more interesting. I can write with a consistent style and tone. Knowledge of Language L7.3 Use knowledge of language and its conventions when writing, speaking, reading, or listening. a. Choose language that expresses ideas precisely and concisely, recognizing and eliminating wordiness and redundancy.* I can use precise language to eliminate wordiness and redundancy. I can edit my own writing. I can speak, write, read and listen using proper English. DRAFT – March 26, 2012 I can use capitalization and punctuation correctly when writing. I can use punctuation (commas, ellipses, dashes) to indicate a pause or break. I can use a dash to set off material that is parenthetic or summary in nature. I can use an ellipsis to indicate an omission . I can recognize that an ellipsis is three dots. I can recall and apply spelling rules. I can identify and correct misspelled words. I can capitalize, punctuate, and spell properly when I write. Knowledge of Language L8.3 Use knowledge of language and its conventions when writing, speaking, reading, or listening. a. Use verbs in the active and passive voice and in the conditional and subjunctive mood to achieve particular effects (e.g., emphasizing the actor or the action; expressing uncertainty or describing a state contrary to fact). I can identify the different ways to use verbs and incorporate them correctly into my writing. Vocabulary Acquisition and Use Vocabulary Acquisition and Use Vocabulary Acquisition and Use L6.4 Determine or clarify the meaning of unknown and multiple-meaning words and phrases based on grade 6 reading and content, choosing flexibly from a range of strategies. a. Verify the preliminary determination of the meaning of a word or phrase (e.g., by checking the inferred meaning in context or in a dictionary). b. Use common, grade-appropriate Greek or Latin affixes and roots as clues to the meaning of a word (e.g., audience, auditory, audible). c. Consult reference materials (e.g., dictionaries, glossaries, thesauruses), both print and digital, to find the pronunciation of a word or determine or clarify its precise meaning or its part of speech. d. Verify the preliminary determination of the meaning of a word or phrase (e.g., by checking the inferred meaning in context or in a dictionary). (SAME AS “A”) L7.4 Determine or clarify the meaning of unknown and multiple-meaning words and phrases based on grade 7 reading and content, choosing flexibly from a range of strategies. a. Use context (e.g., the overall meaning of a sentence or paragraph; a word’s position or function in a sentence) as a clue to the meaning of a word or phrase. b. Use common, grade-appropriate Greek or Latin affixes and roots as clues to the meaning of a word (e.g., belligerent, bellicose, rebel). c. Consult general and specialized reference materials (e.g., dictionaries, glossaries, thesauruses), both print and digital, to find the pronunciation of a word or determine or clarify its precise meaning or its part of speech. d. Verify the preliminary determination of the meaning of a word or phrase (e.g., by checking the inferred meaning in context or in a dictionary). L8.4 Determine or clarify the meaning of unknown and multiple-meaning words or phrases based on grade 8 reading and content, choosing flexibly from a range of strategies. a. Use context (e.g., the overall meaning of a sentence or paragraph; a word’s position or function in a sentence) as a clue to the meaning of a word or phrase. b. Use common, grade-appropriate Greek or Latin affixes and roots as clues to the meaning of a word (e.g., precede, recede, secede). c. Consult general and specialized reference materials (e.g., dictionaries, glossaries, thesauruses), both print and digital, to find the pronunciation of a word or determine or clarify its precise meaning or its part of speech. d. Verify the preliminary determination of the meaning of a word or phrase (e.g., by checking the inferred meaning in context or in a dictionary). I can consult general and specialized reference materials, both print and digital, to find the pronunciation, determine or clarify precise meaning or part of speech of a word. I can identify common, grade-appropriate Greek/Latin affixes and roots. I can clarify the intended meaning of words and phrases that may have multiple meanings and interpretations. I can choose flexibly from a range of vocabulary strategies to determine or clarify the meaning of an unknown word or phrase. I can use context clues to determine the meaning of an unfamiliar word. I use can context clues to determine the meaning of an unfamiliar word. I can use a dictionary to confirm my understanding of a word. I can use prefixes, suffixes, and roots to help figure out the meaning of a word. I can use reference materials to check the meaning of a word. I can use context clues to determine the meaning of a word. I can use Greek or Latin roots to determine the meaning of a word. I can use electronic reference materials. I can use print reference materials. I can use context clues to determine the meaning of a word. DRAFT – March 26, 2012 L6.5 Demonstrate understanding of figurative language, word relationships, and nuances in word meanings. a. Interpret figures of speech (e.g., personification) in context. b. Use the relationship between particular words (e.g., cause/effect, part/whole, item/category) to better understand each of the words. c. Distinguish among the connotations (associations) of words with similar denotations (definitions) (e.g., stingy, scrimping, economical, unwasteful, thrifty). I can understand figurative language in what I read. I can use the relationship between words (e.g., cause/effect, part/whole, item/category) to better understand each of the words. I can distinguish connotations and denotations. L7.5 Demonstrate understanding of figurative language, word relationships, and nuances in word meanings. a. Interpret figures of speech (e.g., literary, biblical, and mythological allusions) in context. b. Use the relationship between particular words (e.g., synonym/antonym, analogy) to better understand each of the words. c. Distinguish among the connotations (associations) of words with similar denotations (definitions) (e.g., refined, respectful, polite, diplomatic, condescending). L6.6 Acquire and use accurately grade-appropriate general academic and domain-specific words and phrases; gather vocabulary knowledge when considering a word or phrase important to comprehension or expression. I can interpret figurative language such as o Similes o Metaphors o Personification o Idiom o Alliteration o Allusion o Onomatopoeia o Others I can interpret figurative language such as: o Similes o Metaphors o Personification o Idiom o Alliteration o Allusion o Onomatopoeia o Others I can find relationships between words to better understand them. L8.5 Demonstrate understanding of figurative language, word relationships, and nuances in word meanings. Interpret figures of speech (e.g. verbal irony, puns) in context. a. Use the relationship between particular words to better understand each of the words. b. Distinguish among the connotations (associations) of words with similar denotations (definitions) (e.g., bullheaded, willful, firm, persistent, resolute). I can recognize the meaning of figurative language (e.g. verbal irony, puns) I can analyze text to locate figures of speech (e.g. personification) and interpret meaning in context. I can distinguish among the connotations of words with similar denotations. L7.6 L8.6 Acquire and use accurately grade-appropriate general academic and domain-specific words and phrases; gather vocabulary knowledge when considering a word or phrase important to comprehension or expression. Acquire and use accurately grade-appropriate general academic and domain-specific words and phrases; gather vocabulary knowledge when considering a word or phrase important to comprehension or expression. I can learn and use sixth grade vocabulary to DRAFT – March 26, 2012 help me read, write and talk. DRAFT – March 26, 2012