Download Matter Test Review Sheet

KEY - Review Sheet - Matter
1. Define the following terms:
a. Matter – Anything in the universe that has mass and occupies space (volume)
b. Pure Substance – One substance is present in the material. Has constant composition.
c. Mixture – Composed of 2 or more pure substances that are not chemically combined and can be separated by
physical processes.
d. Element – Pure substance composed of only one type of atom.
e. Compound – Pure substance composed of 2 or more elements chemically bonded together. Can be broken
down by chemical processes.
f. Homogeneous Mixture – Substance that make up the mixture are distributed uniformly throughout.
g. Heterogeneous Mixture – Components of the mixture are not uniformly distributed, contains distinct regions of
different composition.
2. Circle all of the following items that are classified as matter.
a) Rose bush
b) water
c) air
d) light
e) Oxygen gas f) CO2 gas
g) energy
h) salt
i) heat
j) silver
k) X-Ray
l) Sound wave
3. Classify each of the materials below. In the first column, state whether the material is a pure substance or a mixture.
 If the material is a pure substance, further classify it as either an element or compound by placing a check
mark in the correct column.
 If the material is a mixture, further classify it as homogeneous or heterogeneous by placing a check mark in
the correct column.
Material
Pure Substance or
Mixture
Glucose (C6H12O6)
Liquid Bromine (Br2)
Diphosphorous Pentoxide (P2O5)
Ink
Iron nail
Pure Substance
Pure Substance
Pure Substance
Mixture
Pure Substance
Italian dressing
Aluminum metal
Sterling Silver
Mixture
Pure Substance
(92.5% silver and 7.5% other metals)
Mixture
Pure Substance
Element
Compound
Homogeneous
Heterogeneous
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
Mixture
x
Chalk (CaCO3)
Pure Substance
x
Ice
Titanium Ring
Aqueous solution of calcium
chloride
Calcium chloride (CaCl2)
Pure Substance
Pure Substance
x
x
Mixture
x
Pure Substance
x
4. Label the following pictures as: element, compound, mixture of two elements or mixture of two compounds.
A. COMPOUND
B. MIXTURE OF 2
C. MIXTURE OF 2
D. ELEMENT (Diatomic
COMPOUNDS
ELEMENTS
Molecules)
5. Place an X in each box that describes the property.
Chemical
Property
The tendency of ethyl alcohol to burn
Physical
Property
INTENSIVE
Physical
Property
EXTENSIVE
x
Silver is a shiny metal
x
The temperature at which dry ice evaporates
x
The volume of methanol is 39.6 mL
x
Chlorophyll, a plant pigment, is green
x
The flammability of propane gas
x
A 14.5 g sample of iron
x
The density of titanium metal is 4.5 g/cm 3
x
Hydrogen gas does not conduct electricity
x
H2 gas reacts vigorously with O2 to form H2O
x
6. Put an X in the box that best describes each of the following substances.
Physical
Change
Chemical
Change
Physical
Change
Iron in rock combining with
oxygen to form hematite
x
Combustion of gasoline
Carbonic acid weathering
limestone
x
Water boiling
x
x
Freezing water cracking
limestone
x
Breaking Glass
Flowing water eroding a
limestone riverbed
x
Grilling a piece of chicken
Acid rain forming puddles on
limestone
x
Iodine subliming
Chemical
Change
x
x
x
Coastal waves dissolving
limestone sediments
x
Reacting sodium with chlorine
x
Biting a pear
x
A fungus decomposing wood
x
Digesting a pear
x
Painting Wood
x
7. What are the 4 indicators that a chemical reaction has occurred?
1) Unexpected color change.
2) Change in energy (temperature). Endothermic (absorbs energy) and exothermic (releases energy) processes
3) Production of a gas.
4) Formation of a precipitate.
8. Fill in the table below.
3 basic Physical
states of matter
State of Matter
Definite shape?
Yes or No
Definite volume?
Yes or No
Circle the example of each
Liquid
No
Yes
Water
Solid
Yes
Yes
Ice
Gas
No
No
Water vapor/Steam
9. Answer the following questions about the particle diagrams below
a) What type of matter is represented in the before picture?
Mixture of elements
b) What type of matter is represented in the after picture?
Mixture of elements
c) What state(s) of matter is/are represented in the before picture? Gas
d) What state(s) of matter is/are represented in the after picture?
Gas and liquid
e) What kind of change occurred? Physical Change
10. For each of the following particle diagrams decide what type of matter is present (pure element, pure compound, mixture
of elements, mixture of compounds, or mixture of elements and compounds) and what state/phase of matter the
substance is in
a)
b)
c)
Type of matter: Mixture of elements
Type of matter: Element
Type of matter: Mixture of elements and compounds
State of matter: Gas
State of matter: Solid
State of matter: Gas
11. Use the phase diagram to answer the following questions.
What is the phase of water at 2 atm and 50oC? Liquid
What phase change will occur if the temperature is lowered from
80oC to -5oC at 1 atm?
Freezing
You have ice at -10oC and 1 atm. What could you do in order to
cause the ice to sublime?
Decrease the pressure to below 0.0060 atm
Draw an arrow representing condensation on the diagram.
12. Use the heating curve to answer the following questions.
Label the solid, liquid and gas regions on the
heating curve.
Gas
What is the melting point (in oC) of this
substance?
Liquid
0oC
What is the boiling point (in oC) of this substance?
100oC
Solid
As the substance undergoes a phase change,
what is happening to the temperature?
Remains Constant
As energy is added from point A to point B, what phase change is occurring? Melting
As energy is added from point C to point D, what phase change is occurring? Vaporization
The phase changes from point A to point B and from point C to point D are both endothermic processes?
As energy is released from point D to point C, what phase change is occurring? Condensation
As energy is released from point B to point A, what phase change is occurring? Freezing
The phase changes from point D to point C and from point B to point A are both exothermic processes?