Download Plant Cell and Tissue Types KEY

Biology
HS/Science
Unit: 12 Lesson: 01
Plant Cell and Tissue Types KEY
Plants are able to perform a variety of functions due to their specialized cells and tissues. Use resources available to you
(textbook, library materials, and/or Internet) to fill in the table below.
Cell/Tissue Type
Parenchyma
Collenchyma
Sclerenchyma
Characteristics/Structure
Function(s)
Most abundant; found throughout
the cell; spherical, thin, and flexible
cell wall; and large central vacuole
(may contain sap). The edible parts
of many fruits and veggies are
mostly parenchyma cells.
Storage and food production
Long cells; unevenly thickened cell
walls; cell wall can stretch as cells
grow; and cells arranged in tubelike strands or cylinders. Celery
strands are collenchyma cells.
Provide strength and support for
surrounding tissues
Cell walls are very thick and rigid;
these cells often die at maturity.
Strong cell wall remains after cell
death and provides support
Two types: fibers and sclereids
“Epidermis”- covers all parts of the
plant (much like our skin); cells are
tightly packed and fit together like a
jigsaw puzzle; produce waxy cuticle
Dermal Tissues
Stomata - openings in leaf tissue
that control gas exchanges (found
on green stems and surfaces of
leaves; fewer on top to conserve
water)
Guard cells - control opening and
closing of stomata
Xylem - four cell types: tracheids,
vessel elements, fibers, and
parenchyma. These cells die.
Vascular Tissues
Phloem - companion cells and
fibers for support. Cells are sieve
tube members; cells are alive.
Mostly parenchyma cells but may
©2012, TESCCC
05/31/13
Protects body of plant; waxy cuticle
helps prevent water loss
Stomata regulates flow of water
vapor from leaves
Root hairs (some have) - help
absorb water and dissolved
minerals
Trichomes – hair-like projections on
some plants that help reduce water
evaporation and sometimes secrete
toxic substances to help protect
plant from predators
Phloem transports food (sugar and
other organic molecules).
Xylem transports dissolved
minerals and water.
Function in photosynthesis; storage
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Biology
HS/Science
Unit: 12 Lesson: 01
Cell/Tissue Type
Characteristics/Structure
have collenchyma and
sclerenchyma cells
Ground Tissues
Function(s)
and support
Found throughout the cell and often
associated with other tissues
Cells in leaves and some stems
contain chloroplasts.
Some cells in stems and roots have
a large vacuole for storing starch
and water.
Meristematic Tissues
Regions of actively dividing cells
Provide for cell growth
Cells are differently shaped
parenchyma cells with large nuclei.
Apical - allow increase in length of
stems and roots
Apical - found at or near tips of
roots and stems
Vascular cambium - makes new
xylem and phloem cells
Cork cambium - produces cells with
tough cell walls
©2012, TESCCC
05/31/13
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