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Rome and Greece Review 1.______________ Sparta formed this alliance after the Persian Wars in order to counter the Delian League. 2______________ Another name for the term City-States. 3._____________ The chain of command in the Catholic Church with the Priest being at the bottom of the structure and Pope being at the top 4 _____________ The Emperor that made Christianity the official state religion 5.______________ The type of government where representatives are chosen by the people, to pass and create laws. Early Rome was famous for this type of government. 6.______________ Series of wars from 490-479 B.C. between the City-States of Greece and the Persian Empire. The City-States successfully held of the expansion of the Persians into Greece. 7.______________ Laws which were finally written down for the Roman Republic in 451 B.C. on the insistence of the Plebians. 8.______________ The eastern half of the Roman Empire went by this name by the 300s A.D. 9.______________ Ancient Greek Philosopher who believed in learning and teaching through questioning. 10._____________ Early Greek Mathematician who composed a theory about right triangles. 11.______________ Time period of Ancient Greece where many cultural advancements were made. (500s-400s B.C.) 12.______________ Type of government where all citizens directly participate in government. Ancient Athens had this type of government. 13._____________ Ruler of Macedonia during the early 300s B.C. who led his people successfully against the Persians. 14._____________ The fall of the Western Roman Empire was complete in this year. 15._____________ General for Carthage who is famous for taking over 40,000 men and 40 elephants through the Alps for a surprise attack against the Romans, during the Second Punic War. 16______________ Series of wars which were fought between Rome and Carthage from 264-146 B.C. There were three of these wars and Carthage was defeated in all three. 17._____________ Stadium in Rome where chariot races and other games were held. This stadium could hold up to 250,000 people. 18._____________ Independently run cities referred to in Ancient Greece. 19______________ Roman emperor who ruled from 27B.C. to 14 A.D. He was the first "emperor" and was responsible for stabilizing the Roman government and society. Pax Romana began with his rule. 20 _____________ The wealthy ruling class of the Roman republic, they had the majority vote in the Senate. 21._____________ Ruler of the Roman republic from about 60-44 B.C. He was was eventually killed by his own Senators in 44, because they felt that he threatened their power. 22._____________ Early Greek Philosopher who studied and taught logic, moderation and reason. Was a student of Plato and a teacher to Alexander the Great. 23______________ Type of government where the ruler/rulers has unlimited and uncontrolled power. 24._____________ Series of wars from 431 B.C.-404 B.C. between Athens and Sparta, for control of the Greek Peninsula. 25._____________ Leader of Athens during the Golden age of Greece. 26_____________ A society in which only one type of thought was encouraged. 27._____________ The capital of the Eastern Roman Empire which was named after Diocletian's successor. 28.______________ Around 60 B.C. Julius Caesar allied himself with Marcus Crassus, and Pompey to rule Rome. What was this alliance known as? 29.______________ Emperor responsible for decreasing the size of the Roman Provinces, dividing the empire into two and naming a coemperor, and increasing the size of the military to 500,000. He retired in 305 in order to plan his gardens. 30._____________ Groups of people who invaded from Asia and Northern parts of Europe were responsible for driving out the Germanic Tribes, and were eventually responsible for the final demise of the Western Roman Empire. 31._____________ These men plotted and killed Julius Caesar. 32.______________ 594 b.c. This Athenian ruler abolished debt slavery. 33._____________ The group of Gods and Goddesses which people worship. 34._____________ Ancient Greek City which was sacred, and where the temple of Apollo was located. 35.______________ Founders of Ancient Athens. These people moved into the Greek Penninsula around 2000b.c. 36._____________ Founders of Ancient Sparta. These people were a warlike tribe who settled the Greek Penninsula around 1200B.C. 37______________ Type of philosophy which stress happiness through virtue and self-control. 38._____________ Type of philosophy which stresses virtue by having a reasonable outlook on life, and controlling your emotions. 39._____________ These philosophers believe that knowledge is based on sense preception. 40._____________ King of Macedonia in the early 300s b.c. . Was able to conquere the Greek Penninsula before he was killed in 336. 41_____________ Famous naval battle between Octavian and Marc Anthony. Octavian won and gained sole power of the Roman Republic. 42._____________ Alliance between Octavian, Lepidus and Marc Anthony 43_____________ People who originally settled Rome. 44._____________ Very large ancient Roman Estates. 45._____________ Ancient greek physicist who worked on theories such as water displacement. 46. _____________ Ancient greek physicist who originally developed the Helliocentric Theory. 47._____________ Fighting formation used by Alexander the Great which consisted of massive groups of men with overlapping shields, using very long spears. 48._____________ Took over and began expanding the Macedonian Empire at age 20. Brought Greece to it's Hellenistic Period. 49.____________ Law making body for the Roman republic after the Eutruscan kings had been overthrown. 50______________ Known as Julio- Claudian emperors, they ruled during the Pax Romana and were all related in some fashion to Julius Caesar. List all four. ______________ ______________ ______________ 51______________ A society in which free thought was encouraged. 52______________ City-State in Ancient Greece which was monolithic, and very focused on military growth. 53______________ Ancient Greek Philosopher who is best known for writing "the Republic." In this book he suggests that the best ruler would be a philosopher monarch. 54______________ In the Roman Republic, there were two men at the head of the executive branch. What were they known as? 55______________ This man issued the Edict of Milan which made Christianity legal in the Roman Empire. 56_._____________ The two hundred years of Roman peace which began with Octavian and ended after the rule of Commodus. 57______________ The working class of the Roman Republic which fought for more equal rights and more equal representation in the Roman government. 58_______________ This section of government in the Roman Republic, made up the judicial branch in Roman Empire. 59_______________ Founder of Christianity during the 1st century A.D. 60_______________ Time period where people were becoming monks and nuns in order to get back to the real message of Christianity.