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Dedicate 15 minutes every day, even if it is at break or lunch-time, to follow this steady program. It allows you to track your revision gradually to get you to your exams feeling well prepared. Use Biology 4401 exam papers at aqa.org.uk Dates for revision of these topics Mon Tues B1.1 Keeping Healthy Define metabolic rate, obese, microorganism, pathogen, droplet infection, direct contact, antibody, antibiotics, epidemic, antigen and vaccination Describe the components of a balanced diet. Explain why you need each part of a balanced diet and what happens to the body when they are missed B1.2 Nerves and Hormones B1.3 Use and abuse of Drugs Define stimuli, nervous impulse, effector organ, synapse, menstrual cycle, homeostasis, gravitropism, phototropism, auxin, recreational drug, performanceenhancing drug, double-blind trial Weds Thurs Fri Sat + Sun Past Paper Questions Correct mistakes. Review week 1 work by highlighting the areas you still do not know. Explain how the body defends itself from pathogens. Explain how Semmelweiss reduced the number of deaths in hospitals. Jan 13 BL1FP/HP Qs 3 & 4 – 15 mins Correct mistakes Review weeks 1 & 2 work by highlighting the areas you still do not know. You could also set yourself a quiz to test your understanding. Explain the stages in testing and trialling a new drug. Explain why testing new drugs is important using the example of thalidomide. B1 Biology Week 1 09/01 What are the two most common types of pathogens? How does each cause the symptoms of disease? What is the difference between painkillers and antibiotics? Lunch time revision Foundation Week 2 16/01 and placebo Draw and label a reflex nerve response. Describe the process of the menstrual cycle, including the involvement of each of the hormones FSH, oestrogen and LH. How are hormones used as fertility drugs and in the contraceptive pill? A plant is placed in a dark box on its side. Explain why the roots and shoots grow in the ways they do. Explain why shoots grow towards onesided light. Lunch time revision June 12 Foundation Q1 & 5 15 mins June 12 Higher Q1 & 4 15 mins Week 3 23/01 Week 4 30/01 B1.4 Interdependence and adaptation B1.5 Energy and Biomass in food chains B1.6 Waste materials from plants and animals B1.7 Genetic variation and its control B1.8 Evolution Define adaptations, extremophile, competition in animals, pyramid of biomass, Decomposer. Describe how animals and plants have adaptations to enable them to survive in deserts and the Arctic. For animals, think about surface area, coat thickness, body fat, camouflage. For plants leaf surface area, extensive root systems, water storage tissues. Define genes, gametes, asexual and sexual reproduction, variation, cloning, evolution, natural selection, What are the two main causes of variation between members of the same species? Describe, giving examples, the factors which make you different from the rest of your family. Explain competition in plants and animals, including the factors that they both need to compete for. Lunch time revision What brings about decay and what conditions speed Describe the processes of adult cell cloning, embryo transplants and genetic engineering. Evaluate the pros and cons of each Lunch time revision process. Week 5 06/02 Week 6 13/02 understand Half Term Use the half term holiday to do B1 past papers that can be found on the VLE. Remember to mark them carefully as you can learn a lot from the mark schemes. BL1FP/HP June 2013 Answer Qs 1-4 30 mins Foundation Draw a pyramid of numbers and biomass for an oak tree, aphid, ladybird, blue tit food chain. Draw and fully describe the carbon cycle. Jan 12 Foundation Qs 1 & 5 15 mins Jan 12 Higher Qs 3 & 8 15 mins up decay? BL1FP/HP June 2013 Answer Qs 5 – 9 30 mins Higher Correct mistakes Review week 1, 2, 3 & 4 work by highlighting the areas you still do not know. You could also set yourself a quiz to test your understanding mutation Make an A3 poster containing everything that you still don’t remember or Correct mistakes Review weeks 1, 2 & 3 work by highlighting the areas you still do not know. You could also set yourself a quiz to test your understanding Lunch time revision Describe Darwin’s theory of evolution by natural selection. Why was his theory only gradually accepted? How did Lamarck explain evolution? How do we explain natural selection today? (use the terms gene and mutation). Jan 13 Foundation Qs 7 & 8 Dates for revision of these topics B2.1 Cells and diffusion B2.2 Organs 20/02/2017 and systems Week 7 B2.3 Photosynthesis B2.4 27/02/2017 Distribution of organisms Week 8 Mon Tues Name 3 parts of animal &/or plant cells and describe what they do. What features does a bacterial cell have? What features does a yeast cell have? Name 2 types of specialised cells and outline their features. Write the definition for the term diffusion & list the factors that affect it. What are the main differences between plant and animal cells and why are they different? How does a bacterial cell differ from yeast, animal and plant cells? How do these features help them to carry out their job? What substances diffuse in/out of cells? How are some cells adapted for this function? What are the raw materials for photosynthesis and how does the plant obtain them? What is photosynthesis? Can you write the word equation? What are the factors that affect photosynthesis? How do these factors affect photosynthesis? Where does the energy for photosynthesis come from & how do plants absorb it? Why is glucose converted into starch for storage? Weds Thurs Fri Sat Why are mitochondria Lunch and ribosomes time important for cell revision processes? Which do you think is the most important part of a cell and why? Why does a multicellular organism need specialised cells & how do they arise? Explain how the factors affect the rate of diffusion. Name 2 main organs in an organ system and describe their function. Describe the function of the 3 tissues in the stomach. Why do we have villi in the small intestine and alveoli in the lungs? What are the functions of the different tissues within a leaf? Explain why large organisms need different systems to survive. Select 2 organ systems and explain how they contribute to the 7 life processes. How is a leaf adapted to obtain the resources it needs from the environment? How can a plant’s environment be artificially manipulated to increase the rate of photosynthesis? What do plants do with the glucose that they make? What are nitrate ions needed for and how does the plant obtain them? What are the factors that can affect the distribution of organisms in a habitat and how do they affect the distribution of organisms? What might happen if the factors changed? What is a quadrat? How is it used and what for? What are the different sampling methods and how do they differ? In which circumstance would each be used? What are the limitations of sampling techniques? Sun B2 Biology Lunch time revision Attempt and mark several questions from all users on the VLE: Science>Biology>GCSE>Ad ditional biology (year 11)>Past paper Qs and ms by topic> B2.1.1 Cells B2.1.2 Diffusion Attempt and mark several questions from all users on the VLE: Science>Biology>GCSE>Ad ditional biology (year 11)>Past paper Qs and ms by topic> B2.3 Photosynthesis B2.4.1 Distribution of organisms How a leaf is ada resources it need environment? What are proteins made of? List some examples of proteins found in the body? What do the terms ‘catalyst’ and ‘enzyme’ mean? List all of the factors that affect how well enzymes work. What is the active site and why is this important? What would happen if the shape of the enzyme was to change? How does the activity of enzymes change as the temperature or pH changes? How do you identify the optimum conditions? Why does a change in pH or temperature affect the enzymes in this way? List the enzymes involved in digesting food & state where they are made. What type of foods do these enzymes digest & what are the products? Why do the food molecules need to be digested and what are they used for? Where is bile produced and where is it stored? Where does it act? Where is hydrochloric acid produced? Why is bile and hydrochloric acid produced; what is their role? Can you explain what happens to the food molecules as they pass into the stomach and on into the small intestine? Describe some uses of enzymes in industry and why they are used. How do biological detergents work and why is the temperature at which they are used important? What are the advantages and disadvantages of using enzymes in industry? Attempt and mark several questions from all users on the VLE: Science>Biology>GCSE>Ad ditional biology (year 11)>Past paper Qs and ms by topic> B2.5 Proteins B2.6 Aerobic and anaerobic respiration What is the main difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration? What are the reactants (substrates) and products of aerobic respiration? Write the word equation for aerobic respiration. Where precisely does aerobic respiration take place in cells? Give 4 uses of the energy released by respiration. These need to be memorised. What happens to the heart and breathing rates when we exercise? What happens to the depth of breathing when we exercise? Explain why these changes are necessary. What is excess glucose converted to in muscles? Why is this useful? When will our muscles respire anaerobically? What is glucose broken down to when insufficient oxygen is available? How does the amount of energy released in aerobic and anaerobic respiration differ? What causes cramp in muscles? What is the oxygen debt and when and how is it repaid? What term describes muscles that can’t contract efficiently after prolonged exercise? Attempt and mark several questions from all users on the VLE: Science>Biology>GCSE>Ad ditional biology (year 11)>Past paper Qs and ms by topic> B2.6 Respiration B2 .7 Cell division and inheritance Body cells divide by which type of cell division? What are the two main steps in mitosis? What are the cells produced by mitosis used for? Give 3-4 examples. How many sets of chromosomes do sex cells (gametes) and body cells have? Where in animals are the male and female gametes made? Which type of cell division makes gametes? What happens during meiosis? What happens at fertilisation? When cells differentiate, what happens to them? How do stem cells differ from most cells? Where are stem cells found? Define these terms: gene, allele, chromosome, gene, dominant allele, recessive allele, homozygous, heterozygous. Which chemical are chromosomes made of? How many pairs of chromosomes do human body cells have? Which combinations of sex chromosomes do Explain using a genetic diagram (punnett square) why two parents without cystic fibrosis can have a child with cystic fibrosis. What is the probability that their child will have cystic fibrosis. Explain how polydactyly is inherited. Is it possible for a child with polydactyly to be born to two non-suffering parents? What can be found out by screening embryos? What ethical issues are involved? Attempt and mark several questions from all users on the VLE: Science>Biology>GCSE>Ad ditional biology (year 11)>Past paper Qs and ms by topic> B2.7.1 Cell division B2.7.2 Genetics B2.5 Proteins, catalysts and 06/03/2017 enzymes Week 9 Week 10 13/03/2017 Week 11 20/03/2017 Lunch time revision Commented [d1]: What can stem cells be used for? B2.8 Speciation Week 12 27/03/2017 List 4 ways in which fossils can be formed. You need to memorise these. Give two reasons why the fossil record is incomplete. What can be learned from fossils? Give 6 causes of extinction. You need to memorise these. males and females have? Attempt and mark several questions from all users on the VLE: Science>Biology>GCSE>Ad ditional biology (year 11)>Past paper Qs and ms by topic> B2.8 Speciation Explain how new species can emerge. Practise writing an answer using the terms isolation, genetic variation and natural selection. How can we tell when speciation has occurred? Review all topics not covered by the Week 13 revision programme, 03/04/2017 especially higher tier topics. Easter holiday 10/4/2017 Use this week to revise all of the CORE biology topics: And/or whole core past papers on the VLE in All users Science/GCSE Biology past papers/GCSE Sept 2011 onwards/Past papers B1.1 Keeping healthy B1.2 Nerves and hormones B1.3 Use and abuse of drugs Jan 2012 core paper June 2012 core paper Jan 2013 core paper B1.4 Interdependence B1.5 Biomass and energy B1.6 Decay B1.7 Genetic variation B1.8 Evolution June 2013 core paper June 2014 core paper June 2015 core paper Easter holiday 17/4/2017 Use this week to revise all of the ADDITIONAL biology topics: And/or whole additional past papers on the VLE in All users Science/GCSE Biology past papers/GCSE Sept 2011 onwards/Past papers B2.1 Cells and diffusion B2.2 Organs and systems B2.3 Photosynthesis B2.4 Distribution of organisms B2.5 Proteins and enzymes B2.6 Aerobic and anaerobic respiration B2.7 Cell division and inheritance B2.8 Speciation June 2012 additional paper Jan 2013 additional paper June 2013 additional paper June 2014 additional paper June 2015 additional paper June 2016 additional paper