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Name: _______________________________ Date: ________________ Period: _________
Biology 1 Essential Questions – due 12/9
(42 points)
Directions: Answer the following questions on a separate sheet of paper. Number/label your
paper exactly like this one including headings.
Semester 1
Unit 1 – Introduction to Biology
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
What is Biology and why is it important to us?
List and briefly describe the 8 characteristics of life.
How has technology played a role in scientific discovery?
Describe the independent and dependent variables in an experiment.
List the basic steps of the scientific method.
Unit 2 - Biochemistry
Water:
6. Draw a picture of an atom including the 3 subatomic particles and their charges.
7. Choose 4 of the properties of water you learned about (aside from dissolving). Define the property and give
an example of each.
8. Describe what is meant by the Universal Solvent. What liquid does that phrase refer to?
Macromolecules:
9. List and briefly describe the 4 macromolecules including monomer, elements involved, function &
examples.
10. How do each of the four major categories of macromolecules support the body?
Enzymes:
11. Enzymes play 2 major roles in the human body. List them.
12. List and describe 2 factors that affect enzymes.
13. Define activation energy.
Unit 3 - Cells
Cell Theory:
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
What are the 3 main points of the cell theory?
What technology advanced the cell theory?
How is a scientific claim evaluated and verified?
How do you tell whether something is science or pseudo-science?
How do you differentiate between a theory and a law?
Structure and Function:
19. How do you differentiate between an animal cell and a plant cell? What 2 organelles will you find in plant
cells but not animals cells?
20. How do you differentiate between a prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell? Give an example of each.
21. Explain the role of the cell membrane as a highly selective barrier (include passive and active transport)
22. How are osmosis and diffusion related?
23. Describe isotonic, hypertonic and hypotonic solutions (be sure you can identify each in a scenario).
24.
Identify each organelle, and explain its
function within the cell.
a. ______________________________
b. ______________________________
c. ______________________________
d. ______________________________
e. ______________________________
f. ______________________________
Energetics:
g. ______________________________
25. How are the processes of photosynthesis and cellular respiration related?
26. List in both words and chemical formulas the equations for photosynthesis and respiration.
27. In a chemical equation, where would the reactants be located? Products?
28. Where in the cell does photosynthesis occur? Cellular respiration?
29. What is the role of ATP?
30. What is the difference between an aerobic process and an anaerobic process?
Cell Cycle:
31. Compare and contrast mitosis and meiosis.
32. How can cell mutations lead to cancer?
33. Why is crossing over an essential part of meiosis (be sure you can identify this in a diagram)?
34.
What does this diagram represent?
_____________________________________
Write them in the correct order:
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
Identify and explain each of the phases:
a. _______________________________
_______________________________
b. _______________________________
_______________________________
c. _______________________________
_______________________________
d. _______________________________
_______________________________
Unit 4 – Genetics
DNA and RNA:
35. Draw and label the parts of a DNA model (a ladder is fine).
36. Describe the process of protein synthesis by indicating the steps involved. Be specific!
37. Where in the cell do the following occur: DNA replication, Transcription and Translation?
38. The genetic code is universal. Describe what this means.
39. What is a mutation? What impact can mutations have?
Stuff we won’t get to before the Midterm but will be on it:
40. What is a Punnett square? Why are they used?
41. Describe the Law of Segregation and the Law of Independent Assortment.
42. Define codominance.