Download Chapter 11 Study Guide

Chapter 11 Study Guide
Word Bank for Fill-In Blank Questions:
Pathogen
Mississippi River
Recharge zone
Artificial eutrophication
Nonpoint-source pollution
1972 Clean Water Act
Potable
Groundwater
1. ________________________ is an example of a watershed (an area of land that is drained by a river).
2. An area of the Earth’s surface from which water percolates down into an aquifer is called
_______________________________.
3. Most water must be treated to be ________________________ or safe to drink. An example of treated water that
is safe to drink is bottled water.
4. Organisms that can cause illness such as, bacteria, are called ______________________________.
5. This type of pollution, _____________________________________, comes from many different sources that are
often difficult to identify.
6. Eutrophication cause by human activities such as, fertilizer runoff is called
______________________________________.
7. ___________________________________________ is a law that was designed to improve water quality.
8. ___________________________________________ is water beneath the Earth’s surface that percolates through
the soil and own into the rocks.
9. Ninety-seven percent of the world’s water resources are found in
a. Fresh water
b. Salt water
c. Icecaps and glaciers
d. Groundwater
10. Earth’s surface water is found in
a. Lakes
b. Rivers
c. Streams
d. All of the above
11. Most of the oil that pollutes the ocean comes from
a. Operating boats and personal watercraft
b. Spills from oil tankers
c. Runoff from cities and towns
d. Leaking underground storage facilities
12. The three major global uses of fresh water are
a. Manufacturing goods, wastewater disposal, and irrigation
b. Drinking, bathing, and growing crops
c. Drinking, manufacturing goods, and generating power
d. Residential, agricultural, and industrial use
13. How is fresh water used in the industry?
a. In manufacturing processes
b. In the disposal of waste products
c. To generate power
d. All of the above
14. Many areas of the world that do not have adequate fresh water have become habitable because
a. Rainfall patterns have changed
b. Water management projects have diverted water to the areas
c. Icebergs have been towed in to provide fresh water
d. People have practiced water conservation
15. A hole that is dug into the ground to obtain fresh water is called
a. The recharge zone
b. A well
c. An aquifer
d. A watershed
16. Which of the following is one way that a person can conserve water?
a. Take a bath instead of a shower
b. Wash laundry in small, partial loads
c. Use a low-flow shower head to take short showers
d. Water the lawn daily and at mid-day
17. Which of the following is a source of point-pollution?
a. Unlined landfill
b. Runoff from city streets
c. Precipitation containing air pollution
d. Runoff from farms
18. Animal feces would be classified as which type of water pollutant?
a. Pathogens
b. Organic matter
c. Inorganic chemicals
d. Heavy metals
19. Polluted groundwater is difficult to clean up because
a. Groundwater is deep in the ground and dispersed through large areas of rock.
b. Pollutants cling to the materials that make up the aquifer and contaminate the clean water.
c. The recycling process of groundwater can take hundreds or thousands of years.
d. All of the above.
20. ____________________________ is an underground formation containing groundwater. (Check the vocabulary
words)
21. ____________________________ is a flowing network of surface water. (Check the vocabulary words)
22. How much of Earth’s water is freshwater?
a. 1 percent
b. 3 percent
c. 77 percent
d. 97 percent
23. Which of the following does not make up part of the Earth’s surface water?
a. Wetlands
b. Rivers
c. Aquifers
d. Lakes
24. Which of the following statements helps to explain why fresh water is a limited resource?
a. Most of Earth’s water is salt water
b. About 71 percent of Earth’s surface is covered by water
c. Most of Earth’s fresh water is not liquid water usable by humans
d. Both a and c
25. Surface water becomes groundwater when it
a. Moves below the water table
b. Condenses to form drops of liquid water
c. Percolates into the recharge zone
d. Flows onto the ground through a spring
26. A rock’s ability to allow the flow of water through it is called
a. Permeability
b. Porosity
c. Recharge
d. Distribution
27. _____________________________________ is a process of removing salt from salt water. (Check the
vocabulary words)
28. _____________________________________ method of providing water to plants other than by precipitation.
(Check the vocabulary words)
29. _____________________________________ is an artificial lake (Check the vocabulary words).
30. Which of the following activities accounts for the greatest percentage of fresh water used worldwide?
a. Drinking
b. Washing
c. Manufacturing
d. Irrigating crops
31. Water treatment involves
a. Adding pathogens
b. Adding mercury
c. Adding chlorine
d. Removing fluoride
32. Water diversion projects may involve the movement of water to dry regions using
a. Canals
b. Dams
c. Reservoirs
d. Sprinklers
33. Industrial water use includes which of the following activities?
a. Irrigation
b. Power generation
c. Drinking
d. Car washing
Thermal pollution
Wastewater
Biomagnification
Word Bank for Fill-In Blank Questions:
Artificial eutrophication
Water pollution
34. ______________________________________ is accumulation of pollutants at successive levels of the food
chain.
35. ______________________________________ is an introduction of chemical, physical, or biological agents into
water.
36. ______________________________________ is an accelerated buildup of nutrients caused by humans.
37. ______________________________________ is water that contains waste from industry or homes.
38. ______________________________________ are results in an increase of water temperature.
39. Fertilizers are classified as which kind of water pollutant?
a. Organic chemicals
b. Inorganic chemicals
c. Heavy metals
d. Physical agents
40. Sources of ocean pollution include
a. Oil spills
b. Direct dumping of wastewater
c. Activities on land
d. All of the above