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AND THE BABYLONIAN EMPIRE Ch 4 Lesson 1 (part 2) Pgs 114-116 BABYLONIANS • • • People known as AMORITES • Western region of Fertile Crescent About 2000 B.C., conquer Akkadians Establish capital at Babylon • On the Euphrates Hammurabi’s Reign • • • Hammurabi ruled from 1792-1750 B.C. Expanded Babylonian Empire from Mesopotamia throughout Fertile Crescent Installed governors, tax collectors, and judges to help him keep order Statue of Hammurabi praying FIRST CODE OF LAW • Hammurabi collected all the existing laws • • Created code to bring JUSTICE • • • Then created a single unifying law code for all the Babylonian citizens Fair treatment for all citizens Gives citizens rights Punishments depend on crime, social class • Punishments usually payment, injury or death FIRST CODE OF LAW (CONT’D) • • • Hammurabi had the law code etched into giant pillar monuments The law code was written in cuneiform The pillar monuments, also known as steles, were erected near all the city temples • 14 fragments have been found The Code of Hammurabi • • Sculpture of Hammurabi presenting the laws to the supreme god Code consists of 3 parts • Intro • Body • Conclusion The Code of Hammurabi • • • Intro • Biography of Hammurabi Body • List of laws • Laws create class distinctions • Establishes responsibility • Sets certain religious guidelines Conclusion • Praise in favor of the laws Why is Hammurabi’s Code important? • • • • A government should provide protection and justice for its citizens. Society should be run by the rule of law, applied to all people. Elimination of revenge as a way of solving problems. By placing the laws on public monuments everyone could read the laws and know the punishments for breaking them.
