Download NOTES Weathering.notebook

NOTES Weathering.notebook
Weathering, Erosion and Deposition
May 17, 2016
Weathering, Erosion and Deposition
physical
mechanical
Weathering: The _______________ (__________________)
breakdown
chemical
or _________________ _________________
smaller
of rock into ______________ particles.
transportation
Erosion: The ____________________ or movement of the
weathered sediments.
settling
Deposition: The ________________ of the weathered sediments.
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Weathering
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Physical Weathering
break
Any process that causes a rock to crack or ___________
Two types of weathering
Physical
Mechanical
1. ________________ (______________________)
WITHOUT
into pieces ________________ chemically changing the rock.
Chemical
2. ________________
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Physical Weathering
Wedging
Frost
_____________ ________________
Water seeps into small cracks in a rock.
expands
freezes
As the water _____________ it _____________.
melting
Over time, the cycle of _________________ and
freezing
_________________ will cause the rock to split
break or _____________ apart.
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NOTES Weathering.notebook
May 17, 2016
Physical Weathering
Physical Weathering
Root
Wedging
_____________ ________________
Exfoliation
_____________________
plants
Trees
____________ and ____________ can grow
Result of extreme _____________________
roots
_____________ through cracks in rocks and changes.
break
____________ them apart over time.
heated
As rock is _____________ by the sun, the hairlike
roots
Even the _________________ __________ of
expands
outside of the rock _________________.
mosses can grow between the grains that make
up the rock.
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temperature
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Physical Weathering
When temperatures cool at night, the outside contracts
of the rock ___________________.
The cycle of heating and cooling causes the ("peel")
break
outer layers of the rock to _____________ off
layers
in ____________.
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Physical Weathering
grinding
Abrasion
_____________________ (_______________ action)
sediments
This process occurs when __________________
streams
wind
carried by _______________ or ____________
collide
blown sand cause particles to _______________
into each other and any other surrounding
rock.
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NOTES Weathering.notebook
Chemical Weathering
breakdown
Any process that causes rocks to ___________________ by
chemical
_________________ action resulting in a change of the rock’s
composition
mineral ____________________.
May 17, 2016
Chemical Weathering
Carbonation
____________________
carbon
dioxide
Occurs when ___________ ____________ in the atmosphere dissolves in the droplets of water that make up clouds.
carbonic
This forms a weak _________________ acid
that reacts with certain rocks that contain
calcite
the mineral ______________.
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Chemical Weathering
Chemical Weathering
marble
These rocks include _______________ and
limestone
___________________.
Carbonic acid rain water seeps into the
limestone
__________________ bedrock through the
chemical
cracks. The _________________ reaction
limestone
dissolves the ____________________.
CaCO3 + H2CO3 Ca+2 + 2HCO­3
(Calcium bicarbonate)
(calcium carbonate)
(carbonic acid)
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Karst
topography
caves
This process forms underground _____________
http://www.teachersdomain.org/asset/ess05_vid_cavebiogeo/
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NOTES Weathering.notebook
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Chemical Weathering
Hydration
____________________
water
Occurs when ___________ dissolves certain minerals in a rock.
Water
Example: ___________ will dissolve much
of the feldspar in granite allowing
it to break apart. The quartz
remains behind to become sand. May 17­6:38 AM
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Chemical Weathering
Chemical Weathering
Oxidation
____________________
Acids
Plant
___________ _________
oxygen
Occurs when ______________ in the atmosphere
combines with certain minerals to change their
form and breakdown rock. Plants
____________ produce weak acids that can also
dissolve certain minerals that make up rocks. Activity
Human
______________ __________
Gases produced by humans can dissolve in water
acid
rain
droplets of clouds to produce _________ _______.
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Factors Affecting Weathering
sulfuric acid
sulfur dioxide
nitrogen
oxides
nitric acid
Climate
major
_________________ is the ____________ factor that
affects the rate of weathering.
Temperature
_________________
chemical action
In warm climates, ______________ _________
Chemical
is the dominant type of weathering.
Weathering
frost wedging
In cold climates, __________ ______________
Physical
frost
action
Weathering (also known as __________ ___________) is
the dominant type of weathering.
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NOTES Weathering.notebook
Factors Affecting Weathering
Precipitation
_____________________
As precipitation increases, the amount (and rate) of
frost action
increase
__________ __________ will ________________.
May 17, 2016
Factors Affecting Weathering
Chemical
____________________ weathering is the most rapid in
warm
wet/humid
_________________, _________________ climates.
As precipitation increases, the amount (and rate) of
increase
chemical
________________ weathering will _____________.
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Factors Affecting Weathering
What type of weathering would be more
common in a warm and dry climate...
Physical (or) Chemical?
Desert = wind abrasion.....
rock
Different ____________ types
(their mineral composition)
Differential
________________ weathering is the process by weather-resistant
which softer, less __________________________ rocks
resistant
wear away, leaving harder, more __________________
rocks behind.
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Which rock is more resistant to weathering?
Factors Affecting Weathering
Particle
_________________ size
outside
Weathering occurs on the ______________ surface of
surface area
rocks. So the more _____________ __________ that
faster
is exposed to weathering, the ____________ the rock
will be broken down.
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Factors Affecting Weathering
As the rock breaks down into smaller pieces,
Factors Affecting Weathering
Quick Review
surface area
the more _____________ __________ is Climate
1. _________________________________________
increases
exposed and the rate of weathering __________
2. _________________________________________
Different rock types (mineral comp.)
Particle size
3. _________________________________________
** smaller particles = fastering weathering
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Soil
rock
weathered
Soil is a combination of _________________ _________
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Soil Layers
(Soil Profile)
organic
matter
and ________________ _______________ (as a result
of biological activity).
Humus
_________________ is decayed plant and animal
~25%
material found in soil. Soil that contains __________
rich
humus is considered ___________ soil.
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NOTES Weathering.notebook
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Soil Layers
(Soil Profile)
Due to biological
activity
Darker, richer, topsoil is a result of
biological activity
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