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Major World Religions
Buddhism
Leader: Siddhartha the Gautama, the Buddha
Buddhists believe that to escape the suffering caused by worldly desires, people must follow
the Eightfold Path, or rules that lead to a life of morality, wisdom and good thought. By doing
this one can achieve nirvana, a state of bliss.
Christianity
Leader: Jesus Christ
Christians believe that Jesus, the Son of God, was sent to Earth and died on the cross to save
humanity. By having faith in Jesus and through God’s grace, believers are saved from God’s
penalty for sin and receive eternal life with God.
Hinduism
Leader: Unknown
Hindus believe in reincarnation-after death, the soul is reborn in another person, animal or
vegetable. Where a soul is reborn depends upon a person’s karma, or the spiritual force
resulting from actions in the past lives. The three main Hindu gods are Brahma, Vishua, and
Siva.
Islam
Leader: Muhammad
Muslims believe in one God, Allah. Muslims follow the teachings of the Quran, which the
prophet Muhammad said were revealed to him by Allah. By following the five pillars of faithbelief, prayer, charity, fasting, and pilgrimage-believers go to an eternal paradise.
Judaism
Leader: Abraham
Jews believe in one God, Yahweh. By following God’s laws, Jews believe that they will have
peace with God and one with each other. The main laws and practices of Judaism are contained
in the Torah, the first five books of the Hebrew Bible.
Map Skills
Examine the World Religions Map on page 81 of your textbook.
Compare this map published in 2005 to the World Religions Map published in 2012.
Answer the following questions:
Using the textbook map, what two religions are practiced in North America?
_________________________ and _____________________________
Are these same religions being practiced in 2014? ____________________
The Asian country of India is basically the only country that has practiced
______________________ (refer to RA3 if you don’t where India is located).
Using the textbook map, what two main religions are practiced in South America?
________________________ and _____________________________
Are these same religions being practiced in 2014? ___________________
Using the textbook map, Europeans practice ______________________,
_____________, __________________, and___________________ religions.
What religion in Australia has seen an increase since 2005? ________________
What religion has increased slightly in Africa since 2005? ____________________
The religion being practiced in Northern Africa today is _____________________.
Give one other fact you have obtained from examining either or both maps.
_________________________________________________________________