Download Islam - Church of the Risen Savior

Introduction to Islam
OWAIS BAYUNUS
Islamic Center of Minnesota
Tel: 651 459 9568
651 428 9956
E-mail: [email protected]
October 17, 2016
• ‫سانِّييَ ْفقَ ُهوا قَ ْو ِّلي‬
ْ ‫يو‬
ُ ‫احلُ ْل‬
ِّ ‫قَا َل َر‬
َ ‫ع ْق َدة ً ِّمن ِّل‬
َ ‫ب ا ْش َر ْح ِّلي‬
َ ‫يويَ ِّس ْر ِّلي أَ ْم ِّر‬
َ ‫ص ْد ِّر‬
• Moses said,” O my Lord! Open for me my
chest, grant me self confidence, and ease my
task for me, and let loose the knot from my
tongue (my accent) that they may understand
me” (Qur’an 20:25-28)
Meaning of Islam
Islam means
1- Peace
2- Submission
Basic Concepts and Common Definitions
• Allah – Name of God in Arabic
• Muhammad – Peace Be Upon Him (PBUH) was
the Last Messenger of God (b- 571 CE)
• Qur’an – Collection of all revelations sent to
Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) during his entire life
as a Prophet.
• Books of Hadith – Collection of the Sayings &
traditions of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH)
Islam – The name of the religion
World religions are typically named to identify
either the originator, the region where the
religion started or the tribes or people who follow
that religion
1- Christianity named after Jesus Christ
2- Judaism named after the tribe of Judea
3- Hinduism – Hind (India) religion of India
4- Buddhism named after Gautama Buddah
“ NOT SO WITH ISLAM”
Islam is named after the purpose of the religion, to spread
peace, compassion, true submission to God. It is not to be
called Mohammedanism - Muslims worship God not
Muhammad
Islam is total way of life
• Islam is not a set of dogmas, rituals, or set of
rules without any reasoning or intellectual
understanding
• Islam is a total way of life, a commitment,
where reason plays a very important role
ISLAM
Story of Islam
• About 3,500 years ago Prophet Abraham, his
wife Hagar & son Ishmael were led by God to a
desolate valley of Bakaa (Now Mecca)
• Built the first House of God on Earth, called
Kaaba, a cubical room, a sanctuary where
Abraham called people for pilgrimage.
• 15 million people visit Kaaba every year from
World over, responding to the call of Abraham.
• Prophet Muhammad born in Makkah in 571 CE
• Muslims face Kaaba 5 times a day for prayers
Map Arabia
Sacred Mosque and Kaaba
17th Century picture
Sacred Mosque and Kaaba
Picture (1880 CE)
Sacred Mosque and Kaaba
(built by Abraham in Mecca)
Muslims face Kaaba in daily prayers
Sacred Mosque and the Kaaba
3 million Pilgrims
•
Sacred Mosque and Kaaba
(built by Abraham in Mecca)
•
LIFE OF PROPHET MUHAMMAD (PBUH)
Life of Prophet Muhammad (pbuh)
• Born in Makkah (Mecca) in 571 CE
• Age 40 – Received First Revelation – 611 CE
• Preached Islam’s Emphasis on belief in one God
(strict monotheism), and performing good deeds
Belief on Day of Judgment (Accountability)
Nightly journey to Jerusalem and Heaven
When persecuted in Makkah, he migrated to
Madinah
Life in Madinah
• Pagan Arabs attacked Madinah several times
• Prophet and his companions defended Madinah
• All Arabia converted to Islam before Prophet’s
death (over 300,000 people)
• Usury, Gambling, Sex outside marriage were
made sinful acts
• Prophet strictly prohibited Muslims to attach any
divine relation to him after his death
• Prophet Muhammad died in Madinah (632 CE)
Prophet’s Mosque in Madinah
•
Five Pillars of Islam
•
•
•
•
Shahada : Belief in ONE GOD (Allah) and
Prophet Muhammad as His last messenger.
Salat: 5 daily prayers
Zakat: Compulsory Charity to Needy
Saum: Fasting from Dawn to Sunset during the
holy month of Ramadan
Hajj: Pilgrimage to Makkah at least once in
lifetime if one can afford it.
Articles of Faith
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Belief in
One God – In Arabic Allah
His angels
Books revealed to Prophets
All Prophets of God (such as Abraham, Moses,
Jesus, Muhammad (pbut)
Day of Resurrection - Day of Accountability
Predestination
Good and Bad things happen with God’s
permission.
Man praying in Mosque
•
Qur’an
Qur’an
• Qur’an (Koran): Qur’an is the book of collection
of all revelations received by the Prophet.
• No change in text or meaning of Qur’an has
ever occurred.
• Language of revelation Arabic spoken by over
hundreds of million people today.
• A copy of original 7th Century Qur’an,
preserved in TOPKAPI museum Istanbul, has no
difference from the copy of Qur’an in our hands,
printed in 21st century.
•
Qur’an
• Qur’an is not Prophet’s word nor did he ever
claim Qur’an to be his word. He was simply a
transmitter of God’s Words to mankind.
• Qur’an is the most read book in the World
today. It is read by hundreds of millions at least
5 times a day.
Some important concepts in Islam
• Every child is born in state of purity.
• Eternal sin does not exist in Islam. Quran says
both made the mistake, both repented and were
forgiven by God. Responsible after puberty.
• Jihad: Concept of Holy war does not exist in
Islam. Spreading religion should be by education
and convincing. War is last resort to defend.
• Sharia: Laws based on Islamic principles
(Quran and Hadith) and are applicable to
Muslims only. They are Muslim personal laws.
Sunni/Shia Islam
• Two main branches of Islam Sunni/Shia
• Differences are originally political not spiritual
• When Prophet died who was to take over the
leadership of Muslim nation?
• Sunni choose to elect the most capable person
• Sunni is from Sunnah meaning followers of
Prophet’s traditions. They elected AbuBakr as
next caliph.
• Shia believe that the leadership should be from
the family of the Prophet and Ali be the leader
Sunni/Shia Islam
•
•
•
•
According to Pew Research
Sunnis: 87-90 % of all Muslims and
Shias: 10-11 % of all Muslims.
Over period of 1400 years minor religious
changes have occurred in Sunnis and Shias
• Both believe in One God Allah and Muhammad
the last Messenger, and follow 5 pillars of Islam
• Shias are majority in Iraq and Iran
• Sunnis are majority in all other countries
Dietary Laws in Islam
• Halal – permissible food
• Haram – restricted or not permitted food
• Pork, pork products, alcoholic drinks, meat of
dead animals, blood are Haram
• Permissible animals are slaughtered by slitting
jugular vein/throat to bleed all blood
• All clean and healthy seafood are Halal
• All vegetables and fruits are Halal
Celebrations in Islam
• Muslims celebrate two occasions in a year.
• Eid Fitr) – To celebrate the end of Ramadan,
the month of fasting, and
• Eid Adha - to commemorate Prophet Abraham’s
attempt to sacrifice his son at God’s command.
The son was replaced by a ram or sheep.
Muslims all over the World also sacrifice a lamb
• In these occasions people pray, visit and
exchange gifts with friends and relatives.
Children are given special attention.
Place of Women in Islam
• Since last 1400 years Muslim women enjoy
these rights. Women have rights over men as
men have rights over women.
• Sustenance of family is sole responsibility of
men. Men cannot compel women work to
support the family. But women may do so at
their own discretion.
• Muslim women can own property, own business
separate from husband (as did Khadijah the wife
of the Prophet (pbuh))
Place of Women in Islam
• Women inherit the property of deceased father,
mother, son, brother or husband.
• A Muslim woman does not normally take after
her husband's name upon marriage
• Muslim women take active part in the political
and social affairs of society
• Marriage is a contract between a man/ woman.
Women can introduce any non un-Islamic
clause, for own protection.
• Women can initiate divorce, if incompatible.
Composition of Man
Human being is composite of two
independent entities:
1- Divine spirit, Soul (Ruh). created from
NUR, spiritual light of divine origin.
2- Physical body – made out of special clay
after the occurrence of Big Bang when material
World was created.
Body and Soul
• Soul possesses the capacity to think and reflect
and hence is involved in intellectual activity
• Brain is considered center of corporeal
intelligence
• Heart is considered center of spiritual
intelligence
• Soul is the principle driving force and decision
maker, the body acts on Soul’s orders.
Therefore Soul will be accountable on the Day of
Judgement
•
Nourishment of Body and soul
• Physical body gets it’s nourishment from
physical world
• Spiritual Soul derives it’s nourishment from
divine origin. Feeling the presence of God in
heart. Praying, Fasting, Charity, Forgiveness,
etc.
Existence in mother’s womb
• Here fetus (flesh) is united with Soul
“Then He fashioned him in due proportion, and
breathed unto him the soul, and He gave him
hearing (ears), the sight (eyes), and heart. Little
is the thanks you give (to your Lord)” - Qur’an
(32-9)
• Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) said, fusion of
body and soul takes place on 120th day of
fetus’s formation.
Islamic Practices at the Time of Death
• It is hoped that the last words of the patient
is the declaration of Faith”
La Ilaha Illallah Muhammad-ur-Rasul Allah
• ”There is no God except the One God Allah and
Muhammad (PBUH) is His Messenger”
• Eyelids are closed when death has occurred.
• Body is straightened, hands like in prayers
• Respect of the dying person is first priority
• Every part of the dead body is covered before
being sent for ritual washing or for autopsy .
Purpose of Man’s creation
• God says in Qur’an:
”O! Mankind. We created you out of a single pair
of man and woman and distributed you among
nations and tribes that you may know (and help,
not despise) one another. Indeed the most
honorable among you in the sight of God is the
most virtuous (God conscious.) God is well
aware and knows all what you do”
Islamic view of
Jesus (Peace Be Upon him)
• Miraculous virgin birth & departure from World
• Qur’an addresses him as ‘The Messiah’, Spirit from
God & Word from God
• He cured lepers, raised dead back to life, spoke to
people from cradle, breathed into bird of clay & it
became alive, told what people ate & what they hide,
with God’s permission.
• Muslim believe in second coming of Jesus before
the end of World – to eradicate injustices and
annihilate anti-Christ.
Jesus (pbuh) in Islam
• The name Jesus is common among Muslims
• Muslims are not allowed to make pictures or statues
of Jesus and of any saintly figure.
• God says in Qur’an,
”You will find that closest to you in love are those who
call themselves Christians because there are priests
and monks among them who do not behave
arrogantly.” – (Qur’an 5:82).
The Mosque of the Rock
From Here Prophet Muhammad went to the
Heaven
The Rock over which heavenly Horse stood in
Prophet Muhammad’s journey to Heaven
• Prophet Muhammad’s Heavenly Horse stood over
this rock - took him to heaven accompanying Gabriel
Common Islamic Sayings, Greetings
• When we meet other people we say
As salaamu alaikum – My peace of God be with
you
• When we start to do anything we say
Bismillah – I begin with the name of God
• When we talk of future we say
InshaAllah – God willing
Interfaith Dialog in Minnesota
• The Muslim Christian interfaith dialog at the
Islamic Center of Minnesota in Fridley MN, has
been running for the past 27 years. It is
considered the longest dialog in nation.
• It is held on the 3rd Sunday of every month from
2-4 pm at Islamic Center. 1401 Gardena
Avenue, Fridley, MN 55016.
• Open to all it discusses basics of religion, World
affairs, and some advanced topics, etc.
Sacred Mosque- Makkah (SA)
Prophet’s Mosque – Madinah (SA)
Masjid Aqsa & Mosque of the Rock- Jerusalem
Sultan Omar Mosque Brunei
Faisal Mosque - Islamabad
Bhopal Mosque - India
Badeshahi Mosque - Pakistan