Download Persuasion/Propaganda Unit

Persuasion/Propaganda Unit
Name______________________________
English
Date_______________________________
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PERSUASION: A form of speaking or writing that aims to move an audience through reasoned or
emotional appeals to take a specific action.
ARGUMENT: A form of persuasive reasoning. An argument is a statement of reasons for or against
something.
BIAS: a mental leaning, inclination, prejudice, or bent toward one view or another that prevents
impartial judgment based on a person's previous learning or experiences.
PROPAGANDA: The spreading of ideas, information, or rumor for the purpose of helping or injuring
an institution, a cause, or a person.
LOGICAL FALLACIES: Errors in argument. They either ignore an issue, distort it, or make it simpler
than it really is.
ETHOS: A form of argument based on character or authority.
PATHOS: A form of argument based on emotions – fear, desire, sympathy, anger, etc.
LOGOS: A form of argument based on logic – facts and figures.
VISUAL AND SOUND ELEMENTS
* Ominous verses Upbeat background music
* Black and White photo images to Color Images
* Still Shots verses Live Footage (black and white or color)
* Tone of Voice-Over Narrator
* Does the candidate appear in the ad, voice-over, or "approve" the message?
* Parallelism, Repetition, Rhetorical Question
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1. Dwight D. Eisenhower – Speaks to
America
* Loaded Words, Parallelism
ETHOS / PATHOS / LOGOS
Explain if you believed this ad is effective or
ineffective.
2. John F. Kennedy – Kennedy, A Time for
Greatness
* Repetition, Jingle, Card Stacking
ETHOS / PATHOS / LOGOS
From a persuasive technique standpoint,
does this ad inform you as a voter?
3. Richard M. Nixon – Vietnam War
* Appeal to Fear
4. Lyndon B. Johnson - Daisy
* Appeal to Fear, Either/Or
ETHOS / PATHOS / LOGOS
ETHOS / PATHOS / LOGOS
How persuasive is the Glittering Generality
“an honorable end to the war in Vietnam”?
Would this type of ad persuade you to vote
for this candidate?
5. Ronald W. Reagan – Morning in America
* Bandwagon, Transfer, Appeal to
Tradition
6. George H.W. Bush – “Willie Horton”
* Ad Hominem, Slippery Slope, Hasty
Generalization, Stereotype
ETHOS / PATHOS / LOGOS
Explain how the music and images
complement each other.
ETHOS / PATHOS / LOGOS
Explain how Slippery Slope works in this ad.
7. William J. Clinton – Hope
* Appeal to Pity, Transfer, Plain Folks,
Bandwagon, Appeal to Tradition,
Appeal to Authority
ETHOS / PATHOS / LOGOS
Explain if this ad would have been as
effective with a narrator instead of Clinton
speaking for himself.
9. Nikki Haley – Meet
* Glittering Generalities, Bandwagon,
Transfer, Appeal to Tradition
ETHOS / PATHOS / LOGOS
What does Nikki Haley want to communicate
to voters in this ad, and which propaganda
technique is the most effective?
8. Jesse Helms – Quotas
* Appeal to Fear, Either/Or, Transfer
ETHOS / PATHOS / LOGOS
Why do you believe the director of the ad
chose only to show the man’s hands and not
his face and hands?
10. Barack H. Obama – Mother/Healthcare
* Appeal to Pity, Oversimplification,
Bandwagon
ETHOS / PATHOS / LOGOS
Explain Obama’s use of oversimplification.
11. Christine O’Donnell & Chris Coons –
Principles & Twilight
ETHOS / PATHOS / LOGOS
Which ad do you believe is the most effective
and identify one propaganda
technique/logical fallacy used in each ad.?
13. Donald J. Trump – Argument for America
* Loaded Words, Bandwagon, Plain
Folks, Ad Hominem
ETHOS / PATHOS / LOGOS
Explain one aspect that makes this ad
effective and one aspect that makes it
ineffective.
12. Hillary R. Clinton – Watching
* Ad Hominem, Appeal to Fear,
Bandwagon, Transfer, Glittering
Generalities
ETHOS / PATHOS / LOGOS
Explain one aspect that makes this ad
effective and one aspect that makes it
ineffective.
14. Bernie Sanders – Journey
* Card Stacking, Bandwagon, Glittering
Generalities, Transfer
ETHOS / PATHOS / LOGOS
Explain how Sanders uses Card Stacking in
this ad
15. Rick Barber – Slavery
* Appeal to Tradition, Appeal to Fear,
Bandwagon, Transfer, Loaded Words
ETHOS / PATHOS / LOGOS
Explain how Barber uses Transfer in this ad.
16. Hillary R. Clinton – Equality
* Straw Man
ETHOS / PATHOS / LOGOS
Explain how Clinton uses a Straw Man
argument.
Explain one aspect that makes this ad
effective and one aspect that makes it
ineffective.