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World History Chapter Ten Agenda
Schedule
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Monday – 2 -22-16
o 22.4
Tuesday – 2-23- 16
o 23.1 & 23.2
Wednesday – 2-24-16
o 23.3
Thursday – 2-25 -16
o 23.4 & 23.5
Friday – 2-26-16
o Chapter Ten Vocabulary Quiz
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Monday – 2-29-16
o 24.1
Tuesday – 3-1 -16
o 22.1 & 22.2
Wednesday- 3-2- 16
o Notebook Check – Items TBD
Thursday 3-3-16
o Chapter Ten Test
Friday 3-4-16
o NWT Preview
Note: Listed above are the readings for this chapter. The needed chapters are uploaded to the chapter folder. Questions will
be asked about the readings at instructor’s discretion. Please do your assigned reading on the indicated day.
Vocabulary
10-A
American Revolution - The war fought by American colonists for their independence from Great Britain between 1775 and
1781 that led to the formation of a new republican nation, the United States of America.
Checks and balances - Measures designed to prevent any one branch of government from dominating the others.
Constitutionalism - The idea that the authority of government derives from and is limited by a body of fundamental, written
law.
Declaration of Independence - A document, authored by Thomas Jefferson and sent to George III of England that
espouses the basic ideals of American democracy and lists the reasons for the American colonies' break with Great Britain,
precipitating the American Revolution.
Democracy - A government controlled by its citizens, either directly or through representatives.
Federalism - A system of government in which power is shared between two levels of government: national and state
governments, whereby each of the state governments have powers independent of the national government.
Human rights - Rights that all people are assumed to possess.
French & Indian War - (1754 - 1763) a war fought between Britain and France for control of territory in North America.
After France's defeat, it temporarily surrenders its North American territories, whereas British victory and the ensuing debt
brought on by the war initiates Britain's attempt to gain greater control over and to tax its American colonies.
Jefferson, Thomas - An American founding father, a leader of the Enlightenment, principal author of the Declaration of
Independence, and third President of the United States (1801-1809).
Liberty - The quality or state of being free.
"No taxation without representation" - The popular rallying cry of the American Revolution, reflecting the belief that if the
American colonists were not permitted to vote for members of the English Parliament, then Parliament had not right to tax
the colonists.
Paine, Thomas - An English-American political activist, leader of the Enlightenment, and author of the most influential
pamphlet at the start of the American Revolution, Common Sense, in which he argued forcefully for the American colonists to
break with Great Britain.
Popular sovereignty - The belief that government is created by and subject to the will of the people - the belief that the
citizens of a nation are in control of their own political destiny.
Separation of powers - The practice of dividing political power between different parts or branches so as to curtail one part
or branch from assuming absolute power.
U.S. Constitution - The written national law of the United States, adopted by the Constitutional convention held in
Philadelphia in 1787. It replaced the Articles of Confederation, the first Constitution of the United States, which were
approved during the American Revolution.
Washington, George - Commander-in-chief of the Continental army during the American Revolution and later elected first
President of the United States of America after the adoption of the U.S. Constitution.
https://quizlet.com/122795609/unit-10a-american-revolution-flash-cards/
10-B
Balance of power - A political situation in which no one nation is powerful enough to pose a threat to others.
Bonaparte, Napoleon - A French military and political leader who rose to prominence during the latter stages of the French
Revolution and eventually crowned Emperor in 1804. His legal reform, the Napoleonic Code, has been a major influence on
civil law worldwide. He is regarded as one of the greatest military commanders of all time for his role in the wars led against
France by a series of coalitions, the so-called Napoleonic Wars. Before his final defeat in 1815, he had taken control of most
of continental Europe, seeking to expand the French empire spread the ideals of the French Revolution.
Committee of Public Safety - A committee lead by Robespierre during the French Revolution that was responsible for
identifying those considered enemies of the revolution and bringing them to "justice." It became an important tool used by
Robespierre to maintain political power during the Reign of Terror.
Congress of Vienna - A series of meetings in 1814-1815 during which European leaders sought to establish long-lasting
peace and security after the defeat of Napoleon by returning overthrown monarchs to their thrones and establishing a
European balance of power.
Declaration of the Rights of Man - A statement of Revolutionary ideals adopted by France's National Assembly in 1789
during the early days of the French Revolution. In maintained that "all men are born free and equal in rights."
Estates General - An assembly of representative from all three of the estates, or social classes, in pre-revolutionary France.
French Revolution - The political, social, and military turmoil experienced in France between 1789 and 1799 that led to the
overthrow of the monarchy, ended hereditary privilege, and made France more democratic.
"liberty, equality, fraternity" - The common slogan of the French Revolution, based upon the ideals expressed in the
Declaration of the Rights of Man.
Louis XVI - The French king who, after being tried and found guilty of treason during the radical Jacobin phase of the
Revolution, was put to death by the guillotine during the French Revolution.
National Assembly - A French congress established by representative of the Third Estate in 1789 during the French
Revolution to enact laws and reforms in the name of the French people.
nationalism - The belief that peoples' main loyalty should be to their nation and to the people whom they share a common
culture and history, rather than to a king or queen.
Reign of Terror - A period of time during the French Revolution when Maximilien Robespierre ruled France nearly as a
dictator and thousands of political figures and ordinary citizens were executed, the guillotine being a common method of
execution.
Robespierre, Maximilien - A radical Jacobin leader during the French Revolution. He came to dominate the Committee of
Public Safety during the Reign of Terror. His abuse of power eventually led to his downfall; he was overthrown in 1794 and
executed during the Thermidorian Reaction.
Storming of the Bastille - An important symbolic event taking place in the early days of the French Revolution in which
ordinary citizens stormed and took control of the Bastille, a Paris prison used to contain political prisoners, in an attempt to
obtain the gunpowder contained there. The date of the event, July 14, would eventually be enshrined as a French national
holiday, similar to the 4th of July celebrated in the U.S.
https://quizlet.com/122795873/unit-10b-french-revolution-flash-cards/
10-C
Caudillos - Latin American dictators who ruled by military force in defiance of national policies.
Bolivar, Simon - A Venezuelan creole general who led South American armies against Spanish forces in the early 19th
century in a bid for independence. Venezuela, Columbia, Ecuador, Peru and Bolivia would all gain their independence due in
part to his military leadership.
Hidalgo, Miguel - A Mexican priest who, believing in enlightened ideals of government, called for a rebellion against Spanish
control of Mexico. He led an unruly army of Indian and mestizo men numbering 60,000 toward Mexico city before facing
defeat and execution.
L'Ouverture, Toussaint - The leader of the Haitian Revolution in 1791 in which he led an uprising of African slaves to force
the French out of Haiti, thus making Haiti the first Latin American colony to gain independence.
Monroe Doctrine - A U.S. policy of opposition to European interference in Latin American, announced in 1823 by a U.S.
president.
Wilberforce, William - An English reformer who led the parliamentary campaign against the British slave trade for twenty-six
years until the passage of the Slave Trade Act of 1807. This act abolished the slave trade in the British Empire (though not
slavery itself).
https://quizlet.com/122796130/unit-10c-latin-american-independence-flash-cards/
Guiding Questions
10-A
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What events in English history help explain why the American colonists deeply resented British attempts to tax and
exert control over them?
How did the ideals of the Enlightenment ultimately conflict with the actions of the British government in the years
leading up to the American Revolution?
From whom did Enlightenment thinkers believe governments derived their just powers?
How did the French and Indian War and the distance between Britain and the American colonies eventually lead to
conflict between the two?
What steps did the American colonists take in order to win their independence and establish a republic?
How did the framers of the Constitution establish an effective government while also protecting the liberties of the
people and state authority?
10-B
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How did disputes over tax policy and social disparities lead tot the French Revolution?
What Enlightenment ideas are reflected in the Declaration of the Rights of Man?
How do the causes, characteristics and consequences of the American and French Revolutions compare?
What are the principle ideas found in the major political documents formulated during the American and French
Revolutions? (Declaration of Independence, U.S Constitution and Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the
Citizen)
To what extent was the French Revolution a success?
10-C
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What impact did the Napoleonic Wars have on Latin America?
What roles did revolutionary leaders play in the eventual independence of Latin American countries?
How were slavery and the slave trade banned within the British Empire?
Supporting Questions
Section 22.4
1. Why did the Articles of Confederation result in a weak national government?
2. How did the writers of the U.S. Constitution put into practice the idea of separation of powers? A system of checks and
balances?
Section 23.1 & 23.2
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Why were the members of the Third Estate dissatisfied with their way of life under the Old Regime?
What was the fall of the Bastille important to the French People?
Name three political reforms that resulted from the French Revolution
What was the Reign of Terror, and how did it end?
Section 23.3
7. What were some of Napoleon’s reforms in France?
8. What steps did Napoleon take to create an empire in Europe?
Section 23.4 & 23.5
9. What factors led to Napoleon’s defeat in Russia?
10. How did the Congress of Vienna assure peace in Europe for the next 38 years?
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Section 24.1
11. What caused the creoles in South America to rebel against Spain?
12. What role did Augustin de Iturbide play in the independence of Mexico and of the countries of Central America?
13. Who was Don Pedro, and what role did he play in Brazil’s move to independence?
Additional Resources
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HlUiSBXQHCw
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lTTvKwCylFY
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZBw35Ze3bg8