Download Model Test 1

Model Test 1 SECTION I: MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS
TIME: 60 MINUTES FOR 95 QUESTIONS
1. Which of the following is an accurate statement about both the Americas and
West Africa before 1500?
(A) Polytheism was the dominant belief system.
(B) Sorghum and rye were the main food staples.
(C) Large domesticated animals allo~ed for extensive agricultural production.
(D) Trade in bananas and salt was most prevalent.
(E) A written language was in wide use at the time:;.
2. Postindustrial modes of economic activity focus MAlNLY on providing
(A) manufactured goods.
(B) services..
(C) raw materials. (D). plastics. (E) biotechnical products.
3. What characterized European social and economic life between the mid-1400s
and the mid-1700s?
I. Mercantilism was the dominant economic philosophy.
II. Population growth was slow or level during the 1600s but accelerated in the 1700s. III. Economic dependence on the Atlantic slave trade decreased. Iv. Europe's population remained overwhelmingly rural. (A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)
I, II, and III
II, III, and N
I and III
I, II, and W
all of the above
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4. Which of the following factors did NOT contribute to major worldwide population
growth from 1700 to 1800?
(A) a decline in infant mortality rates
(B) the widespread introduction of state-supported systems of health care
(C) a decline in the number of deadly epidemics
(D) the introduction ofAmerican food crops to Europe and Africa
(E) the growth in the amount of land under cultivation
5. During and after the 1980s, major Latin AmeCican nations such as Chile, Argentina,
and Brazil made transitions to what kind of regime?
(A) democratic
(B) anarchist
(C) communist
(D) fascist
(E) theocratic
6. The Holy Inquisition was created to
(A) track down and punish heretics and religious nonconformists.
(B) canonize followers of Christ.
(C) build great cathedrals in capital cities of Europe.
(D) fight the Muslims in the Middle East.
(E) find the Holy GraiL
7. How did decolonization in British and French colonies differ from that in colonies
once ruled by Belgium and Portugal?
(A) British and French officials better prepared their colonies for freedom and kept
violence to a minimum.
(B) Belgian and Portuguese officials better prepared their colonies for freedom and
kept violence to a minimum.
(C) British and French officials threatened violence, whereas Belgian and Portuguese
officials did not.
(D) Belgian and Portuguese officials allowed native representation in transitional
governments.
(E) Decolonization proceeded in about the same manner for all of tnese colonies.
8. The Eastern Question from the 1820s onward
I. forced Great Britain and France to support the Eastern European powers against
the Turks.
II. took into account how destroying the Ottoman Empire might result in the rise
of a hostile power in the area.
.
III. led European powers to act cautiously toward the Ottomans.
rv. recognized that the Ottoman Empire was no longer a real threat to Europe.·
(A) I, II, and III
(B) II, III, and IV
(C) I and III only
(D) II and IV only
(E) all of the above
Model Test 1
9. Which invention, above all, allowed. the Industrial, Revolution to take place?
(A) the cotton gin
(B) electricity
(C) the internal combustion engine
(D) the steam engine
(E) the paddle wheel
10. How were trends in New Spain and Brazil similar during colonization?
(A) Neither used slaves.
(B) Both European conquerors decimated Native American populations.
(C) The societies both became ethnically homogeneous.
(D) Copper mining was a critical part of the economy in both colonies.
(E) all of the above
11. What global pandemic struck the world just after World War I?
(A) hepatitis C
(B) chole·ra
(C) the Spanish flu
(D) the Ebola virus
(E) the bubonic plague
12. Which of the following statements accurately describes the role of oceans in the
development of human societies?
1. Oceans have, at times, kept societies apart.
II. Oceans have served as an effective means of transport.
III. Oceans have stimulated the emergence of networks of trade, technology
transfer, and cultural exchange.
"
rv. Using oceans, humans could travel completely around the world by the
sixteenth century C.E.
(A) I and II
(B) I, II, and III
(C) II and III
(D) III and N
(E) all of the above
13. What made Mali such a powerful state in the 1300s?
(A) It was known for its huge military forces.
(B) It profited by cooperating with European slave traders.
(C) Mali was a great center ofChristian worship.
(D) It was a major center of Islamic instruction and possessed large deposits of
gold and metal ore.
(E) It controlled the spice trade and was a significent center of Buddhist worship.
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14. Which of the following did the MOST to encourage European exploration in
the 1400s?
(A) fear that Ming China might gain global supremacy by exploring first
(B) scientific curiosity
(C) the desire to seek out direct trade routes to China and the East Indies
(D) the opportunity to gain new converts to Catholicism in the wake of the
Protestant Reformation
(E) the chance to search for gold, ivory, and slaves in Mrica
15. The world's leading producer of cotton around 1700 was
(A) the American South.
(B) Flanders.
(C) India.
(P) China.
(E) the Arabian Peninsula.
16. At present, the world's largest democracy, by population, is
(A) the United States.
(B) China.
(C) Russia.
(D) India.
(E) Indonesia.
17. Which of the following is a suitable comparison of the political systems in China
and Western Europe from 1000 to 1300?
(A) China was unraveling politically, while in Western Europe the trend was toward
unification.
(B) Leaders in both regions were beginning to colonize parts of Mrica at the time.
(C) While Chinese leaders ruled a unified empire, Western Europe was governed
by many monarchies.
(D) Both regions were undergoing a process of democratization.
(E) Chinese law instituted civil rights, while Western law focused on protecting the
feudal system.
18. Hindu-Muslim tension in the 1940s
(A) discouraged Nehru and convinced him to abandon the independence movement. (B) persuaded the Hindus to plan collaboration with Japan if it occupied India
during World War II.
(C) led to the partition of India and Pakistan.
(D) delayed Indian independence for the next twenty years.
(E) was, in the end, resolved without violence.
Model Test 1
19. How did the Boers treat Africans?
(A) The Boers allowed Africans to stay in their ancestral lands.
(B) The Boers educated Africans in newly built schools.
(C) The Boers allied with African tribes against the British.
(D) The Boers worked alongside Africans in designing a democratic system of
government.
(E) The Boers treated Africans harshly and forcefully created a segregated
environment.
20. As a result of the first Opium War
I. the Qing government was forced to open more ports to f9reign trade.
II. the Chinese government had to lower tariffs on British goods.
III. Hong Kong fell under British control. Iv. British law took precedence in designated parts of Chinese territory. (A) I, II, and III
(B) II, III, and N
(C) 'I and III only
(D) all of the above
(E) none of the above
21. How is the overall effect ofWorld War Ion European culture best described?
(A) Art and poetry in the victorious nations reflected a spirit of triumph and pride.
(B) Artists and authors quickly put the wartime experience behind them and
ignored it.
(C) A sense of despair and uncertainty came to the forefront of cultural and
intellectual life.
(D) The brutality of the war convinced most artists to reject abstraction and
surrealism in favor of more straightforward, realist so/les.
'.
(E) Jazz and other escapist cultural imports from the United States easily allowed
the Europeans to forget the trauma of World War I.
22. Before the onset of the Neolithic era, Stone Age societies are NOT believed to have
(A) (B) (C)
(D)
(E) domesticated the dog.
practiced monotheism.
expressed themselves by means of painting and music.
constructed dwellings out of wood and stone.
buried their dead.
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23. How were industrialization and imperialism related?
I. Industrialization gave Europeans better weapons to use in conquering other
peoples.
II. Industrialization forced Europeans to search elsewhere for more raw materials.
III. Industrialization created more goods, and Europeans felt they needed to open
more markets abroad. Iv. Imperiplism led to industrialization. (A) I, II, and III
(B) II, III, and IV
(C) I and III only
(D) II and IV only
(E) all of the above
24. Which of the' following are causes or illustrations of social trauma in late medieval
Europe?
I. uprisings and revolts spurred by dissatisfaction with the Catholic Church
II. the Black Death
III. peasant rebellions
IV. rising fear of witches and witchcraft
(A) I, II, III
(B) II, III, IV
(C) I, III, IV
(D) all of the above
(E) none of the above
25. Britain's three Reform Acts
(A) restructured the agriculture sector.
(B) gave workers more benefits.
(C) brought Northern Ireland under British cOhtrol.
(D) brought Scotland under British control.
(E) gradually made the country's electoral laws more representative.
26. By the end of the 1920s, why had Japan stopped evolving into a democratic
parliamentary monarchy?
(A) The emperor abolished the Diet.
(B) The Great Depression and heightened militarism stifled democratic impulses.
(C) The monarchy was abolished, and the Japanese military took control.
(D) Japan experienced a left-wing revolution.
(E) The Japanese people were uninterested in liberal democracy.
27. Dutch colonization in the 1500s and 1600s
(A) was carried out in partnership with Spanish allies.
(B) failed to gain a foothold anywhere in Southeast Asia.
(C) briefly gave the Netherlands control over present-day New York.
(D) 'was prompted by harsh religious intolerance in the Netherlands.
(E) resulted in Dutch rule over Australia until the late 1800s.
Model Test 1
28. How did the Russian Revolutions of 1917 resemble the French Revolution?
(A) Both involved a communist takeover.
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)
During both, the main organizers were peasants.
In both, the first stage was more liberal than later stages.
For both, the goal was the founding of a democratic republic.
Leaders in both revolutions were bankrolled by ambitious capitalists.
29. The Bretton Woods System was created to
(A) promote international environmental "protection efforts.
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)
promote international free trade.
protect Western militaries.
prevent a nuclear war.
engage the Soviet bloc in arms control talks.
30. During Japan's feudal period
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)
the emperor was the symbolic head of the country.
·the shogun' held effective power.
the samurai class was transformed into a new aristocracy.
all of the above
none of the above'
31. What major factor changed the economic life of East Mrica during the early 1500s?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)
the depletion of metal deposits
the arrival of European colonists
the abolition of the Arab slave trade
civil war
invasion bY'Berber warriors
32. Which of the following ranks as the most remarkable aspect of the reign of Akbar
the Great?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)
his
his
his
his
his
construction of the Taj Mahal
mighty victories in battle
many wives
dedication to the ideal of religious tolerance
establishment of the Mughal Empire
33. What political characteristic did Mexico, Brazil, and Argentina share during the
1920s and 1930s?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)
All became democracies.
All were governed by authoritarian regimes.
All were monarchies.
All were ruled by Gettilio Vargas.
All had experienced communist revolutions.
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34. Which eighteenth-century war in Europe spun off so many conflicts elsewhere 'and
, had so many global effects that it is sometimes considered a "world, war"?
,
(A) the Thirty Years' War
(B) the War of the Spanish Succession
(C) the Seven Years' War
(D) the War of the Polish Succession
(E) the War of the League ofAugsburg
35. During most of the nineteenth century, what two countries competed for influence
over Central Asia?
(A) Japan and China
(B) Germany and Russia
(C) Britain and Russia
(D) Japan and Britain
(E) France and Russia
36. How did the harshness and ruggedness of the terrain in the Andes Mountains affect
the way that societies there evolved?
(A) People were forced to cooperate with each other and work out an effective divi­
sion oflabor.
(B) Very few buildings or roads were constructed.
(C) Culture was very primitive.
(D) There was much fighting over scarce resources.
(E) Individual families tended to remain isolated, retarding the development of
sophisticated societies.
37. What benefits did the discovery of agriculture bestow upon early societies?
'C
(A) a greater ability to affect the environments in which they lived
(B) a more reliable Way of obtaining a more diverse supply of food
(C) the ability to establish permanent communities and the reasons to do so
(D) an increased tendency to' cooperate and form more cohesive societies
(E) all of the above
38. What impact did the Europeans have on West and Central Africa from the late
1400s and after?
1. Those tribes that cooperated with the Europeans in the slave trade gained
in strength.
II. Some tribes, such as the Asante, received firearms from the Europeans in
exchange for slaves.
III. Trade netWorks were redirected.
IV. Some West African tribes raided Central Africa for goods and slaves to sell to
the Europeans.
(A) I, II, and III
(B) I and III only
(C) II and IV only
(D) all of the above
(E) none of the above
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39. Why was the 1904-1905 Russo-Japanese War significant?
(A) Russia was able to secure its foothold in Manchuria for the first time.
(B) It marked the first time that European powers fought in Asia.
(C) It marked the first time in the imperial era that non-Westerners had defeated
a European power in a. full-scale military conflict:
(D) It was the bloodiest war to date.
(E) Japan's .defeat in the war transformed it from a militaristic nation to a more
pacifistic one.
World Human Population Growth: .
Year
le.E.
1650
1850
1930
1975
1999
1 e.E.-1999
Population
200 million
500 million
1 billion
2 billion "
4 billion
6 billion
40. According to the chart above, during which of the following intervals did world
population grow at the most rapid rate?
(A) 1 e.E.-1650
(B) 1650~1850
(C) 1850-1930
(D) 1930-1975
(E) 1975-1999
41. In what way did Sukarno of Indonesia and Nehru of India share a similar diplomatic
approach?
(A) They both fell strictly under the Soviet sphere of influence.
(B) They both fell strictly under the American sphere of influence.
(C) They both remained largely nonaligned in terms of Cold War diplomacy.
(D) They sided with Western Europe against the Americans.
(E) They both considered China their main patron.
42. How did slavery and indentured servitude in the New World differ?
1. Slaves were used only for agricultural labor, whereas indentured servants worked at household tasks. II. Indentured servants placed themselves in bondage voluntarily, whereas slaves
were forced in to bondage. III. Indentured servants were set free once their debts were paid, whereas slaves
could be freed only if their masters wished. Iv. There was no practical difference between the two categories. (A) I and II only
(B) I, II, and III
(C) II and III only
(D) N only
(E) , III only
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APWorldHisfory
43. Which of the following is depicted by the map above?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)
the spread of French revolutionary ideology across Europe
die Napoleonic Empire at its peak
the ~esurgence of the H~bsburg Empire under Franz Josef I
the map of Europe as determined by the Congress of Vienna
Europe as it was after the Crimean War
44. Many technological innovations stemmed from World War II, including·
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)
nylon.
atomic energy.
computer science.
radar.
all of the above
45. Which crop dominated Southeast Asian agriculture in the 1400s?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)
rice
ginseng
soybeans
sugarcane
wheat
46. In what ways did Mustafa Kemal change Turkey?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)
He instituted the Islamic law code.
He abolished suffrage for women and forced them to wear the veil.
He westernized its culture and legal system.
He set the country on the road to peace with Greece.
He agreed to rule alongside the sultan.
Model Tes't 1
47. Which of the following is an excimple of a technological innovation that occurred roughly simultaneo~sly in two different regions of the world? (A) In both the Middle East and China, toolmakers began to mix copper and tin
to create bronze sometime between 4000 and 3000 B.C.E.
(B) Peoples in Europe and the Middle East invented. the wheel at the same time.
(C) The Sumerians and the Celts each invented writing, sometime between
3500 and 3000 B.C.E.
(D) The Egyptians and the Celts simultaneously discovered the secret of
fermenting alcohol.
(E) Both the Franks and the Flemish invented paper at the same time.
48. The Tanzimat reforms in the Ottoman Empire
(A) created the janissaries.
(B) attempted to modernize the empire to a limited degree.
(C) called for a religious jihad.
(D) strengthened the military.
(E) gave officials in North Africa more autonomy.
49. How did the collapse of Han China resemble the Roman· Empire's loss of its
European lands?
(A) Both were later absorbed by the Byzantine Empire.
(B) Their leaders began to rely on astrology to guide their decision making.
(C) Both fell owing to depletion of natural resources.
(D) Outside invaders contributed to the collapse of both empires.
(E) Both collapsed owing to lack of technological innovation.
50. Which statement below does NOT accurately reflect the condition of women
between 1000 and 1450?
(A) Upper-class women in Europe tended to receive educations and manage
household affairs in estates and castles.
(B) At Japan's Heian court, aristocratic women could earn status by means of
cultural and artistic accomplishment.
(C) Certain societies in West Africa were matrilineal, rather than patrilineal.
(D) In Islamic societies, women of the lower classes were, in practice, less restricted
by religious law than those of the upper class..
(E) The revival of Confucianism allowed Chinese women to gain greater rights
and higher status.
51. The Tokugawa Shogunate
I. promoted democracy.
II. encouraged interaction with the outside world.
III. failed to spur economic growth. Iv. encouraged more social mobility. (A) I, II, and III
(B) II, III, and N
(C) II and IV only
(D) all of the above
(E) none of the above
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52. Which of the following broad changes made the sixteenth century different from
" the fifteenth century in Europe and the Atlantic world?
(A) The slave trade began.
(B) The Renaissance spre'adto Russia and other regions to the east.
(C) Absolutism reached its peak iIIEurope.
(D) Systematic sugar production·was introduced in the New World.
(E) Triangular trade came abruptly to a halt.
"
53. How did European and Japanese feudal systems differ?
(A) Japanese feudalism relied on serfdom, whereas the European ~ystem did not.
(B) European knights had no code of conduct similar to the Japanese ethos of
Bushido.
"
(C) Gunpowder was restricted in Japan and affected samurai less than it did knights
in Europe.
.
(D) Gunpowder weapons quickly ended the dominance ofJapan's samurai, while
European knights were not affected by such weapons.
(E) Japanese feudalism was more repressive than European feudalism.
54. Which of the countries bdowwas the last to grant suffrage to women?
(A) United States
(B) Canada
(C) Great Britain
(D) Italy"
(E) the USSR
55. What was the purpose of the Indian National Congress?
(A) It served as the new "legislature after India gained freedom.
(B) It advanced the cause of national liberation in India.
(C) It waS a transitional body meant to share power with the British until full
independence.
(D) It lobbied to remain under British authority, but as a dominion, like Canada
or Australia.
(E) It made plans to launch a guerrilla war against the British colonizers.
56. What Asian religion was founded by Siddhartha Gautama?
(A) Confucianism
(B) Jainism
(C) Hinduism
(D) Eastern Orthodoxy
(E) Buddhism
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Model Test 1
57. Which of the following accurately describes India's religious composition in the 1300s? (A) Islam had been forcibly introduced to much of India, especially in the north.
(B) Buddhism enjoyed a major revival and became the second most popular faith
after Hinduism.
(C) Islam became especially prominent in the southern and eastern parts of the
country.
(D) Hinduism was nearly eradicated in fourteenth-century India.
(E) Hinduism· remained unchallenged as India's dominant faith.
58. The movable-type printing press:
(A) appeared first in China.
(B) helped spread Renaissance ideals and the religious debates that prompted
the Reformation.
(C) made it difficult for vernacular languages to gain literary importance.
(D) was outlawed by the Catholic Church.
(E) sparked the first wave of Islamic expansion by making the Qur'an more
readily available.
59. Temples constructed in Southeast Asian nations such as Cambodia and Thailand
are most likely to reflect the influence of
(A) Christianity and Hinduism.
(B) Islam and Confucianism.
(C) Taoism and Buddhism.
(D) Hinduism and Buddhism.
(E) Shinto and Buddhism.
60. In what ways were the civilizations in Mesoamerica before 1000 C.E. more
sophi$ticated than those in. North America?
(A) In Mesoamerica, astronomical knowledge and architectural skills were greater.
(B) Mesoamerican societies had already adopted sophisticated systems of monotheistic worship. (C) Unlike North American tribes, Mesoamerican civilizations avoided human
sacrifice.
(D) Mesoamerican city-states were experimenting with participatory forms of
government similar to Athenian democracy.
(E) In no ways, because the North Americans had more advanced social structures.
61. In what way were the student demonstrations on Tiananmen Square in May 1919
similar to those in May 1989?
(A) The students called for democracy.
(B) The students called for an end to the communist regime.
(C) The students called for violent overthrow of the government.
(D) The students called for the radical transformation of culture and the arts.
(E) The students called for capitalist reform of the economy.
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62. The Hindu concept of samsara is BEST described as
(A) a belief that the wicked are punished by everlasting torment after death.
(B) a belief that one's soul lives, dies, and is reborn many times until it is pure
enough to escape the cycle of rebirth.
(C) a doctrine that justifies the caste system of India.
(D) a declaration of nonbelief in the old Vedic gods and goddesses.
(E) a belief that all actions, good and evil, have consequences in future lives
to come.
63. Why are the 1600s and early 1700s in Europe considered a period of Scientific
Revolution?
(A) Isaac Newton and other scientists developed a unified system of physics
and mathematics.
'
(B) The scientific method was revived and used widely.
(C) Scientists discovered that living things are made of cells.
(D) The telescope and other scientific ins~ruments were invented.
(E) all of the above
64. One of the long-term effects of Mongol conquest was
(A) to elimirtate Buddhism in China.
(B) to overthrow the fledgling Ottoman state.
(C) to bring Islam to parts of Hungary and Poland.
(D) to isolate Russia from Europe as the Renaissance got under way.
(E) to disrupt Silk Road commerce in Central Asia.'
65. How do most historians characterize the motives ofthe United States in its
annexation of the Philippines?
(A) The United States took the Philippines purely for economic reasons.
(B) The United States annexed the Philippines for strategic purposes and because
, it felt American rule there would benefit the natives.
(C) The United States wished to keep the Russians from gaining control of the
islands.
(D) The Filipinos requested that the United States take control of the islands, so
annexation was not truly an imperial action in this case.
(E) The United States took the Philippines in order to encourage the spread of
Christianity.
66. Which of the following BEST encapsulates Confucian thought?
(A) Political power is given to rulers by the gods; therefore, rulers may treat their
people as they please.
(B) Husbands and wives should share the responsibility for family leadership
equally.
(C) Social harmony is attained when superiors treat those below them with
kindness, while inferiors respect those above them.
(D) Only members of the aristocracy are capable of cultivating the qualities of
etiquette and grace.
(E) Society functions best when people are free to realize their individuality.
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Model Test 1
67. Which of the following sites in Mrica experienced the greatest fusion of Arab,
Mrican, "and Indian cultures in the nineteenth century?
(A) Alexandria
(B) Basutoland
(C) Madagascar
(D) Zanzibar
(E) the Gold Coast
68. Arab merchants
1. did much to spread Islam in places like Mrica.
II. maintained' caravan routes throughout the Sahara.
III. played a vital role in the Indian. Ocean trade network Iv. dominated the East Mrican slave trade. (A) (B) (C)
(I?)
(E) I only
III only
II and IV I, III, and N all of the above
69. How did the adoption of parliamentary monarchies change how ordinary Europeans
lived in the 1700s?
(A) They were given fewer freedoms. ,(B) ,They enjoyed more social mobility and greater freedom of religion. (C) They were given the right to vote.
(D) Their average rate of literacy dropped.
(E) Social welfare systems protected them from poverty.
70. At the Berlin Conference (1884-1885)
I. Otto von Bismarck presided over the proceedings.
II. European leaders set parameters for intervening in Eastern Europe.
III. European powers established rules for making new claims in Mrica.
IV. Socialist' parties adopted an international manifesto ..
(A) 1, II, and III
(B) II, III, and N
(C) I and III only
(D) II and IV only
(E) I and N only
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Model Test 2
SECTION 1
MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS
TIME-55 MINUTES FOR 80 QUESTIONS
71.
The first literary and artistic expressions, as well as the highest cultural
achievements, were centered in what Northern Italian city-state?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)
72.
The artistic brilliance of the quattrocento and the cinquecento was spurred in
both Florence and Rome by
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)
73.
Milan
Florence
Venice
Naples
Rome
the patronage of both civic groups and the Church
artist guilds
the Medicis
the popolo
foreign financiers
Which is true of Humanism?
(A) It set limits on what human beings could accomplish in this world.
(B) It emphasized the study of Greek and Roman classical literature.
(C) It sought to understand human nature exclusively by means of
studying the writings of the eady Christian philosophers.
(D) It promoted a medieval lifestyle.
(E) It discouraged a study of pagan writers.
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74.
Secularism during the Renaissance can best be described as
(A) a repudiation of the Roman Catholic faith
(B) a concern with the nature of individuality
(C) an emphasis on money and pleasure
(D) a b~lief in individual genius
.
(E) a literary movement.centered primarily in the Northern states
of Europe
75.
Which is NOT true of the Northern Renaissance?
(A) It was focused more on religion than on the Italian Renaissance.
(B) It stressed social reform based on Christian teachings.
(C) It began in the last three decades of the 15th century.
(D) It preceded the Italian Renaissance.
(E) Its art was more religious and less influenced by classical themes than
Italian art.
76.
During the early 16th century the need· for reform within the Roman
Catholic Church was indicated by all of the following EXCEPT
(A) clerical immorality
(B) the lack of education of the ordinary clergy
(C) the growth of The Brethren of the Common Life
(D) the extravagant lifestyle of prelates and popes
(E) clerical pluralism
77. One of the tenets of Protestantism as stated in the Confession of Augsburg
was that religious authority rests with
(A) the pope
(B) the Bible
(C) the Ecumenical Councils
(D) the Holy Roman Emperor
(E) the German princes
Model Test 2
78. What was the political impact of the Protestant Reformation on Germany?
(A) It thwarted the designs of the French kings.
(B) It strengthened the hold of the Hapsburgs over the region.
(C) It aroused nationalism in Germany.
(D) It enabled the Holy Roman Emperor to determine the religion of the
,various German principalities.
(E) It led to a more united Germany.
79. One of Calvin's central ideas in The Institutes of Christian Religion
was that
(A) the Church was subordinate to the state
(B) all Christian sects should be tolerated
(C) man is the measure of all things"
(D) Calvinism should be confined to the theocratic city of Geneva
(E) salvation is predestined
(C
80. Which was one of the most important accomplishments ofThe Council
of Trent (1545-1563)?
(A) Reconciliation with the Protestants.
(B) Reforms led to a spiritual renewal of the Roman Catholic Church.
'. (C) The sale of indulgences was encouraged.
(D) Simony and pluralism were established.
(E) The Roman Inquisition was instituted.
81~' One of the most significant long-term effects of Spain's establishment of
a New World empire was that New World gold and silver
(A) helped make Spain militarily superior in Europe
(B) gave the Portuguese hegem.ony in the Atlantic
(C) created a massive inflation that ended Spain's European empire
(D) created a glut of precious metal jewelry among the upper classes
in Europe
.
(E) ruined manufacturing in the Spanish Netherlands
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AP European History
Line engraving Witches'Sabbath, 17th century. The Granger Collection, New York. .
82. The Great EuropeanWitch Hunt, typified by the engraving above, was
a result of all of the following EXCEPT
(A) the religious struggles of Europe during the 16th and 17th centuries
(B) the increased social and religious conformity of the 16th and
17th centuries (C). a general misogynistic movement in society (D) a rise in the belief of the evil power of witches
(E) the decline of most superstitions in common European society
at the time
83. The religious conflicts of the 1500s and 1600s led to
(A) religious toleration between Roman Catholicism and the major
Protestant sects
(B) a unified Christian society in Europe
(C) unremitting religious riots and civil war in Spain
(D) a virtual end to Hapsburg hegemony in Germany
(E) the establishment of Roman Catholicism as the state religion of the
United Provinces of the Netherlands
Model Tes~, 2
84. Which of the following possessed sovereignty in the absolutist states of
. the 17th century?
'
(AYM~narchs
(B) Parliaments
(C) Nobles
(D) The Church
(E) Thewealthy
85. What is the most significant difference between absolutism
and modern
totalitarianism?
(A) Totalitarian'dictators lacked the political power of the ~bsolutist kings.
(B) Absolutism sought to subordinate only the nobility.
.
(C)· Absolutist states lacked the total control of their citizens "from cradle
to grave."
(D) State bureaucracies were absent in absolutist states.
(E) Standing armies are an. invention of modern totalitarianism.
,
,
86. Which of the following reforms of Louis XIV most helped him to take
direct control of the local political and economic administration?
(A) The intendant' administrative system
(B) The Palace at Versailles as a "gilded cage" for the nobility
(C) A policy of regional wars for state aggrandizement
,(D) The Revocation of the Edict of Nantes to establish a state religion
(E) Creation of a powerful standing army
87. Constitutionalism in BOTH 17th century England and the Netherlands
(A) was established with the formation of long-lasting republics in both
states
(B) was protected exclusively by unwritten constitutions
(C) limited the powers of the state by law
(D) came about as the result of bloody revolutions in both countries
(E) lacked protection of the rights of individual citizens
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AP European History
OLIVER CROMWELL (1599-1658). Lord Protector of England (1653-1658). Cromwell
dissolving the Long Parliament in 1653. Mezzotint by John Sartain after Benjamin West.
The Granger Collection, New York.
88. The Long Parliament, which Oliver Cromwell is pictured dissolving
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)
was dismissed because Cromwell believed they may not fund his army
sat from 1638-1658
was continually in power from 1640-1660
ordered Charles II beheaded for treason
was composed mostly of farmers
89., The political philosophy of which of the following argued that govern­
ments are set up to protect the life, liberty, and property of the people?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)
Thomas Hobbes
Bishop Laud
Oliver Cromwell
James II
John Locke
90. Cardinal Richelieu extended the power of French royalty with the
intendant system:
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)
a centralized administrative system
a medal of honor for the musketeers
a series of fortified cities in France
a tax that local nobles could levy
a standing army of 400,000 trained troops