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Forensic Anthropology Introduction Human Biology/Forensics B.M.C. Durfee High School Objectives • Describe Forensic Anthropology • Describe the history of Forensic Anthropology • Identify the three fields of Forensic Anthropology • Describe the requirements to become a Forensic Anthropologist Introduction • This course is Biological Anthropology • We have covered many themes o o o o o o o Primates Evolution Paleoanthropology Genetics Disease Life Cycle Variation Forensics • We have also covered lots of forensics o Handwriting o Toxicology o Pathology o Body Fluids o Fingerprinting Forensics and Anthropology • Forensic Anthropology is where Forensics meets Biological Anthropology This Unit • Last Unit for Seniors! • Plan o What is Forensic Anthropology o Osteology & The Bones o Features in the Bones o Review and Test What is Forensic Anthropology? • Physical or Biological Anthropology • Physical Anthropologists who specializing in examining human skeletal remains where legal questions are involved What is Forensic Anthropology? • Multidisciplinary with other forensic disciplines • Knowledge of the bones complement the pathologist’s knowledge of the soft tissue What is Forensic Anthropology? • Human Identification o Age, sex, race, stature • Cause and Manner of Death • Reconstruct way of life up until death What is Forensic Anthropology? • Specialties o Interpret post-mortem processes o Recover scattered or buried remains o Extrapolate soft tissue on skeletal form o Biomechanical interpretation of sharp and blunt force injuries to bone What is Forensic Anthropology? • Three Major Tasks o Identify Victim o Reconstruct post-mortem period o Provide data about death event Forensic Anthropology History of Forensic Anthropology • First in 1939 - Guide to Identification of Human Skeletal Material by FBI • Trotter in 1948 - repatriated bodies of WWII soldiers in Hawaii • 1979 First Textbook Today… • Forensic Anthropologists can determine age, sex, height, ancestry and some behavior • Work with pathologists, entomologists • Work in labs at universities and medical institutions; work with law enforcement and medical examiners Secrets in the Bones • Examining the bones can reveal: o o o o o o o o If the bones are human The age The height The sex Injuries Nature of wounds History of accidents/injury Medical and childbearing history Three Fields of Forensic Anthropology • Forensic Osteology: study of the skeleton • Forensic Archaeology: controlled collection and excavation of human remains • Forensic Taphonomy: study of changes occurring to human remains at the time of and after death including trauma, decomposition and environmental modification. What do Forensic Anthropologists Ask When Identifying Remains? • • • • • • Are they human? How many individuals? Sex? Age? How long ago did they die? Manner and cause of death? How can you become a Forensic Anthropologist? • Major in Anthropology • Courses In Biology & Physical Sciences • Also: statistics, archaeology, anatomy and osteology • Ph.D. in anthropology (human anatomy and osteology) • Experience in Field • Exam from American Board of Forensic Anthropology You will also need… • Record of research, papers and publications in the field • Lectures and participation in professional training in forensics • College teaching experience • Trial experience • Only 50 certified Other Specialties • • • • Facial reproduction Radiography Dental analysis Analyze special evidence: o Insects o Blood o Hair o Fur o DNA analysis • Mass Disaster Assistance Employment • Usually will teach at universities or work in museums • Usually consult • Part time Services offered by Forensic Anthropology Lab • • • • Collected recovery of remains & evidence Analysis of remains for positive ID Clarification of circumstances of death Presentation of evidence and opinions in court Things That Forensic Anthropologists CANNOT Do • Autopsies • Final Determination of cause or manner of death • Final positive identification from dental or medical X-Rays • Weight Review • Describe Forensic Anthropology • Describe the history of Forensic Anthropology • Identify the three fields of Forensic Anthropology • Describe the requirements to become a Forensic Anthropologist Learn Long Live Long