Download (AP)of Root Bark Ethanolic Extract of Carissa edulis (Vahl)

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Epilepsy is an episodic neurological disorder
that affects up to 1% of the population, 2nd to
stroke
Prevalence of active epilepsy is ~2.5 million in
the United States.
181,000 new cases of epilepsy are diagnosed/
year.
Incidence is highest under the age of 2 and
over 65.
In 70 percent of new cases, no cause is
apparent (idiopathic vs symptomatic).
Drug treatment is effective for only 65% of
patients
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Medicinal plants are important source of
new chemical substance with potential
therapeutic effects (Eisner, 1990)
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Carissa edulis is a spiny evergreen shrub
or a small tree that may reach a height
of 5 feet.
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES
€ To evaluate the anticonvulsant activities of the
residual aqueous ethanolic Root Bark extract of
C. edulis in laboratory animals.
RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS
€ The residual aqueous (AP) ethanolic root bark
extract of C. edulis possess anticonvulsant
activity.
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Albino mice (18-25g) and White Ranger
Cockerels (30-42g)
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Plant Extract Preparation
AP Fraction Preparation
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Phytochemical Screening (Wagner and
Bladt, 1996; FAO/IAEA, 2000; Pascual, 2002)
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LD50 Determination (Lorke, 1983)
Anticonvulsant Screening
€ PTZ-induced seizure in mice (Swinyard et
al.,1989)
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MEST-induced seizures in chicks (Sayyah
et al., 2002)
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4-Aminopyridine-induced seizures in
mice (Yamaguchi and Rogawski, 1992)
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Phytochemical constituents include;
saponins (steroids and triterpenes) and
tannins.
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LD50 282.8 mg/kg (CE) and 2154 mg/kg
(AP)
Fig1: Effect of aqueous portion (AP) fraction of Hydro-alcoholic root bark
extract of Carissa edulis and sodium valproate on PTZ-induced seizures in
mice. The fraction was given at doses of 1.25, 2.5, 5 and 10 mg/kg and
sodium valproate (VA) at dose of 200 mg/kg
Dose (mg/kg)
Protection (%)
Mean Duration of seizure
against seizure
(min)
Control
20.0
8.25 ± 0.96
AP (1.25)
10.0
9.11 ± 0.68
AP (2.5)
20.0
6.63 ± 0.80
AP (5)
0.0
8.00 ± 0.54
AP (10)
0.0
9.50 ± 2.54
PH (20)
100.0
0.0
Values were presented as Mean ± SEM, n=10, AP= Aqueous fraction and
PH= Phenytoin
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The residual aqueous of ethanolic root bark
extract
of
Carissa
edulis
possesses
anticonvulsant activity that may be beneficial
in the management of petit mal epilepsy
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Attempt should be made to elucidate the
possible mechanism of action of the extract
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Further works should be carried out in order
to isolate pure compounds responsible for the
observed anticonvulsant activity