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HAZARD COMMUNICATION
Chemical Safety on the Job
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WE USE MANY CHEMICALS
• We want you to know how to use them safely.
• You will learn about:
– The Hazards of chemicals.
– Our written program.
– How chemicals are labeled.
– Safe use of chemicals.
– Material Safety Data Sheets
– Basic procedures for spills.
– Who you can ask for more information.
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HAZARDS OF CHEMICALS
• There are 2 basic types of chemical hazards:
1. Physical Hazards
2. Health Hazards
• The first rule of Chemical safety is… "Know what you are
working with and how to protect yourself and others.“
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PHYSICAL HAZARDS
•
Chemicals are classified as having Physical Hazards if they are:
– Explosive
– Compressed Gas
– Combustible Liquids
– Flammable
– Unstable
– Water Reactive
– Oxidizers
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PHYSICAL HAZARDS
• Some chemicals may be safe by themselves, but become
dangerous when in contact with other substances.
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CHEMICALS WITH PHYSICAL HAZARDS
• Used only by trained employees.
• Stored in a safe manner.
• Never mixed with other chemicals unless by an approved
procedure.
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HEALTH HAZARDS
• Chemicals are classified as being a health hazard if they:
– Can cause cancer.
– Are poisonous (toxic).
– Cause harm to your skin, internal organs, or nervous
system.
– Are corrosive - such as acids.
– Cause allergic reactions after repeated exposure.
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WAYS CHEMICALS CAN ENTER THE BODY
• Your lungs if you breath fumes, mists or dust.
• Your skin if liquid or dust touches or spills on you or splashes
in your eyes.
• Your mouth if you eat after handling chemicals.
• Accidental swallowing of a chemical.
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HEALTH EFFECTS
• Some chemicals affect specific organs such as your kidneys,
liver, reproductive or nervous system.
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OUR WRITTEN HAZARD COMMUNICATION
PROGRAM PROVIDES
• Written information on hazards.
• Lists Chemicals we use and their hazards.
• System for ensuring chemicals are labeled.
• Means to ensure we have an Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)
for each chemical.
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OUR WRITTEN HAZARD COMMUNICATION
PROGRAM
• Lists who is responsible for the program.
• Provides chemical specific safety training methods.
• Tells you where to find chemical safety information.
• You can see a copy of our written program by asking you
supervisor.
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LABELING OF CHEMICALS
• Chemical Labels provide information on Identity, Hazards and
Safe Use.
• All chemical containers are labeled by the manufacturer.
• Our company may place additional labels on the containers.
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LABELING OF CHEMICALS
• If chemicals are placed in another container, this new
container must have a label placed on it.
• All containers must be properly labeled.
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UNIFORM LABELING SYSTEM
• Our Company “Uniform Labels” are used to ensure we have
one labeling system.
• These may be placed on containers when chemicals are
delivered to us or chemicals are transferred to other
containers.
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2 BASIC “UNIFORM LABELS”
• HMIS - Hazardous Material Identification System
• NFPA - National Fire protection Association
Both types must identify the chemical name and hazards
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UNIFORM LABELS
• Pictures may be used to identify hazards and required
protection.
• This Information may also be on the Manufacturer’s label.
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HMIS & NFPA LABELS ARE VERY SIMILAR
• Both use colored boxes to identify specific hazards.
• Numbers or codes in the boxes tell you the hazard value higher number = higher hazard.
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NFPA & HMIS LABEL COLORS
• Red - Fire Hazard
• Blue - Health Hazard
• Yellow - Reactivity Hazard - explosive, unstable
• White - Special Hazards - corrosive, radioactive, water
reactive, acid
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NFPA LABEL
• The purpose of the NFPA 704 labeling system is to provide a
way of quickly identifying the various fire related hazardous
associated with a particular material. The NFPA 704 "diamond"
is commonly found on bulk storage containers, but is also
widely used on chemical containers and MSDS sheets.
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NFPA FLAMMABILITY CODES
• 4 Materials that will rapidly or completely vaporize at
atmospheric pressure and normal ambient temperature, or
that are readily dispersed in air and that will burn readily.
Liquids with a flashpoint below 73ºF and a boiling point below
100ºF.
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NFPA FLAMMABILITY CODES
• 3 Liquids and solid that can be ignited under almost all
ambient temperature conditions. Liquids with a flashpoint
below 73ºF and a boiling point above 100ºF or liquids with a
flashpoint above 73ºF but not exceeding 100ºF and a boiling
point below 100ºF.
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NFPA FLAMMABILITY CODES
• 2 Materials that must be moderately heated or exposed to
relatively high ambient temperatures before ignition can
occur. Liquids with flashpoint above 100ºF but not exceeding
200ºF.
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NFPA FLAMMABILITY CODES
• 1 Materials that must be preheated before ignition can occur.
Liquids that have a flashpoint above 200ºF.
• 0 Materials that will not burn.
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NFPA HEALTH HAZARD CODES
• 4 Materials that on very short exposure could cause death or
major residual injury.
• 3 Materials that on short exposure could cause serious
temporary or residual injury.
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NFPA HEALTH HAZARD CODES
• 2 Materials that on intense or continued, but not chronic
exposure could cause incapacitation or possible residual
injury.
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NFPA HEALTH HAZARD CODES
• 1 Materials that on exposure would cause irritation but only
minor residual injury.
• 0 Materials that on exposure under fire conditions would offer
no hazard beyond that of ordinary combustible material.
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NFPA REACTIVITY HAZARD CODES
• 4 Materials that in themselves are readily capable of
detonation or of explosive decomposition or reaction at
normal temperatures and pressures.
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NFPA REACTIVITY HAZARD CODES
• 3 Materials that in themselves are capable of detonation or
explosive decomposition or reaction but require a strong
initiating source or which must be heated under confinement
before initiation or which react explosively with water.
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NFPA REACTIVITY HAZARD CODES
• 2 Materials that readily undergo violent chemical change at
elevated temperatures and pressures or which react violently
with water or which may form explosive mixtures with water.
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NFPA REACTIVITY CODES
• 1 Materials that in themselves are normally stable, but which
can become unstable at elevated temperatures and pressures.
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NFPA REACTIVITY CODES
• 0 Materials that in themselves are normally stable, even under
fire exposure conditions, and which are not reactive with
water.
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NFPA SPECIAL HAZARD CODES
• ACID = Acid Products
• ALK = Alkali or Bases
• COR = Corrosive Products
• OX = Oxidizer
• W =Reacts with water
•
Radioactive
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WHAT DO I DO
• Ff there is no label or I cannot read the label?
• STOP - do not use the chemical.
• TELL your supervisor.
• READ the MSDS and have another label put on the container.
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CHEMICALS CAN BE SAFELY USED IF
• You know the hazards and how to protect yourself.
• They are used only for approved purposes.
• They are stored properly you use the correct personal
protective equipment.
• You do not eat in areas where chemicals are used.
• You wash immediately if you come in contact with chemicals.
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CHEMICAL DISPOSAL
• Each chemical and container must be disposed of properly.
• No container is truly "empty" unless properly cleaned.
• Follow MSDS requirements for container disposal.
• Recycle unused chemicals.
• Do not place hazardous chemicals in normal trash
receptacles.
• Do not pour chemicals into sinks, onto the ground or in storm
drains.
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SAFE STORAGE
• Store incompatible chemicals in separate areas.
• Limit the amount of flammable material to the minimum
needed.
• Store flammable liquids in approved flammable storage
lockers.
• Store acids in separate flammable storage lockers.
• Do not store chemicals in a refrigerator used for food storage.
• Do not store food in refrigerators used for chemical storage.
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IN CASE OF AN EMERGENCY
• Implement the proper Emergency Action Plan.
• Evacuate people from the area.
• Isolate the area- keep other from entering.
• Turn off ignition and heat sources.
• Only trained employees are permitted to clean up spills.
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MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEETS (MSDS)
• Show chemical safety information.
• Each chemical has a separate MSDS.
• MSDS is written by the chemical manufacturer.
• MSDS are kept in the workplace for your use.
• If you can't find an MSDS, ask your supervisor.
• Are provided by the chemical manufacturer to provide
additional information concerning safe use of the product.
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EACH MSDS TELLS YOU
•
Common Name and Chemical Name of the material.
•
Name, address and phone number of the manufacturer.
•
Emergency phone numbers for immediate hazard information.
•
Date the MSDS was written.
•
Hazardous ingredients.
•
Physical & Health Hazards of the chemicals.
•
Identification of chemical and physical properties.
•
First Aid / Emergency Information.
•
Safe handling and use information.
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MSDS
• Have specific hazard information on:
– Fire & Explosion
– Chemical Reactions
– Control Measures
– Health Hazards
– Spill & Leak Procedures
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MSDS FIRE & EXPLOSION INFORMATION
• Material Flash Point, auto-ignition temperature and
upper/lower flammability limits.
• Fire extinguishing agents to be used.
• Fire fighting techniques.
• Any unusual fire or explosive hazards.
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MSDS REACTION INFORMATION
• Stability of chemical.
• Conditions and other materials which can cause reactions
with the chemical.
• Dangerous substances that can be produced when the
chemical reacts.
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MSDS CONTROL MEASURES
• Engineering Controls required for safe product use.
• Personal protective equipment required for use of product.
• Safe storage requirements and guidelines.
• Safe handling procedures.
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MSDS HEALTH HAZARDS
• Permissible Exposure and Threshold Limits (PEL & TLV).
• Symptoms of exposure.
• Routes of entry into the body.
• Medical conditions that can be made worse by exposure.
• Cancer causing properties.
• Emergency & First Aid Procedures.
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MSDS SPILL & LEAK PROCEDURES
• Clean up techniques.
• Personal Protective Equipment to be used during cleanup.
• Disposal of waste & cleanup material.
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PROTECTING YOURSELF
• Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) may be needed to protect
yourself from chemical hazards.
• Use the PPE our Company has required for each chemical.
• Check the PPE before use to make sure it is not damaged.
• Use face shield and Goggles if there is a splash hazard.
• Use the proper respirator for dusts, mists and fumes.
• Use the right gloves when handling chemicals.
• Properly clean and store your PPE after use.
• Don't take PPE home - why risk exposing your family?
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STAY SAFE WHEN USING CHEMICALS
• Know what you are working with.
• Know where MSDS are located and how to use them.
• Ask your supervisor if you have questions.
• Only trained employees may use chemicals.
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STAY SAFE
• Make sure all containers are properly labeled.
• Use the proper protective equipment.
• Store chemicals only in approved areas.
• Immediately report leaks and spills.
• Dispose of used chemicals and containers properly.
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