Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Ancient Greek religion wikipedia , lookup
Ancient Greek astronomy wikipedia , lookup
Ancient Greek literature wikipedia , lookup
Ancient economic thought wikipedia , lookup
Theophrastus wikipedia , lookup
Ancient Greek medicine wikipedia , lookup
Aristotle's biology wikipedia , lookup
History of science in classical antiquity wikipedia , lookup
Sophocles The Greatest of Greek Playwrights •Wrote 120 tragedies •Festival of Dionysus 30, 18, 2nd •Moral lesson •Introduced painted sets •“Theban Tragedies” Oedipus the King Oedipus at Colonus Antigone 496 – 406 BC ? The Chorus Characteristics of the CHORUS ■ ■ ■ ■ 15 men Sang lyric poetry Performing was regarded as a civic duty Wore robes and masks Function of the CHORUS ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ Often the voice of reason in the play Reflected upon what happened Asked or answered questions Advised central characters Separated scenes of action Terms for Greek Theatre ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ Antistrophe Strophe Choragos Ode Orchestra Parados ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ Paean Prologue Skene Theatron Thespian Tragedy (see Aristotle) Antistrophe The antistrophe is the second part of the ode. It is chanted by the chorus as the chorus moves from left to right across the scene. Strophe The strophe is the first part of the ode. It is chanted by the chorus as the chorus moves from right to left across the scene. Choragos A wealthy Athenian citizen who assumed the public duty of financing the preparation of the chorus and other aspects of a dramatic production that were not paid for by the government. Ode A type of lyrical stanza. A classic ode is structured in three major parts: the strophe, the antistrophe, and the epode. Orchestra Area in front of the ancient Greek stage reserved for the Greek chorus. Parados Either a side-entrance, or the first song sung by the chorus after its entrance from the side wings. Paean Song or lyric poem expressing triumph or thanksgiving. Prologue An opening to a story that establishes the setting and give background details. Skene Structure at the back of a theatre stage, initially a very light structure or just a cloth hanging from a rope. Theatron Where the audience sits to view the performance. Thespian An actor or actress. Tragedy Drama based on human suffering. Skene Parados Orchestra Theatron The Greeks… ■ ■ ■ Were notable for clarity of thought Symmetrical, logical, balanced = UNITY The Golden Mean ■ The ideal moderate position between two extremes ■ ■ Purpose of drama was to entertain, educate, and raise questions Ambiguous: what is right? Wrong? Aristotle: The Poetics ■ Mimesis: tragedies are imitations of real life ■ Plot is all important: a cause-and-effect chain of actions ■ The plot can not depend on coincidences FORM is IMPORTANT There must be complete UNITY: ■ ■ ■ Time - Single revolution of the sun (24 Hours) Place - No change in place/setting Action - Chronological, Everything is Related, No Coincidences Climax Rising Action Inciting Incident Exposition Falling Action Denouement (Freytag’s Pyramid) Aristotle: The Poetics ■ ■ The rising action (desis) that leads to the climax must be caused directly by the character’s choices. The resolution (lusis) must solve or resolve the problem created during the inciting incident. Aristotle and Tragedy ■ ■ The more richness and themes, the greater the value Aristotle argues for BOTH a reversal of fortune (peripeteia) and a moment of recognition (anagnorisis) Aristotle: THE POETICS ■ The function of tragedy is to arouse pity and fear in the audience so that we may be purged, or cleansed, of these unsettling emotions - Catharsis ■ ■ Tragic Hero Hamartia: flaw in the character (tragic flaw) According to Aristotle: ■ Aristotle hypothesizes that the audience will be able to cleanse themselves of the same flaws as the characters (catharsis) ■ Aristotle’s theory of Tragedy intends to teach the audience about themselves by showing the dangers of not knowing themselves. Why read TRAGEDY? ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ Strength of character Perseverance Courage Inspiration The dignity of the human spirit Socratic Seminar Group 1: Group 2: Payton Nathan Alyssa Owen Amanda Eric Kennedy Rachel Ryan Tiffany Katie Abby F. Sabrina Raad Jonathan Jenny Abby M. Jasmine Utkarsh Marissa