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BURUNDI
BURUNDI AND SOCIO-POLITICAL ENVIROMENT
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The Civil War of Burundi 1993 – 2005
In 2005 Pierre Nkuruziza was elected as a President of Burundi.
Between 2005–2015 the socio-political enviroment was stable in Burundi.
In 2015 new unrest emerged after Pierre Nkuruziza annouced that he would
seek a third term in the office.
YEAR
Source: World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.
2015
2014
2013
2012
2011
2010
2009
2008
2007
2006
2005
2004
2003
2002
2001
2000
1999
1998
1997
1996
1995
1994
1993
1992
1991
1990
(annual %)
GDP GROWTH
GDP GROWTH (ANNUAL %)
8
6
4
2
0
-2
-4
-6
-8
-10
GDP (PPP, constant 2011 international $)
9,000,000,000
8,000,000,000
7,000,000,000
5,000,000,000
4,000,000,000
3,000,000,000
2,000,000,000
1,000,000,000
0
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
GDP
6,000,000,000
YEAR
Source: World Bank, International Comparison Program database.
GDP GROWTH & GDP per capita
GROWTH (ANNUAL %)
8
6
4
0
-2
-4
-6
-8
-10
-12
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
GROWTH %
2
YEAR
GDP growth (annual %)
GDP per capita growth (annual %)
Source: World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.
GDP per capita (PPP, constant 2011 international $)
1200
800
600
400
200
0
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
GDP per capita
1000
YEAR
Source: World Bank, International Comparison Program database.
POPULATION
12
10
6
4
2
0
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
(in millions)
POPULATION
8
YEAR
Source: ( 1 ) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, ( 2 ) Census reports and other statistical publications from
national statistical offices, ( 3 ) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, ( 4 ) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report
( various years ), ( 5 ) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database, and ( 6 ) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Program.
BURUNDI AND POPULATION
• A small sized country (27,834 km2.)
• However it’s population is estimated to be high as 11,178,92 (UN, 2015).
• Population density of 401.6/km2.
• Second most populated country in Africa (World Bank, 2016).
BURUNDI AND AGRICULTURE
• Subsistence farming is the main livelihood in Burundi.
• Agriculture represents more or less 50 % of the Burundi’s gross domestic
product (EEAS, 2017).
• Agriculture employs 90 % of the population even though the land, which is
suitable for cultivation, is an extremely scarce resourse. (World Bank, 2016).
POVERTY HEADCOUNT at national poverty lines
(% of population)
67.1
64.6
Poverty headcount
2006
2014
Source: World Bank, Global Poverty Working Group.
Data are compiled from official government sources or are computed by World Bank staff using national ( i.e. country–specific ) poverty lines
MEAN INCOME ($/month)
1992
1998
Source: World Bank, Development Research Group. Data are based on primary household survey data
obtained from government statistical agencies and World Bank country departments.
47.7378
39.2921
42.7968
MONTHLY MEAN INCOME (PPP, dollars)
2006
(world bank estimate)
46.35
GINI index
33.33
33.36
GINI index
1992
1998
Source: World Bank, Development Research Group. Data are based on primary household survey data
obtained from government statistical agencies and World Bank country departments.
2006
BURUNDI AND THE PROBLEMS TO SOLVE
• If the the current socio-political climate lingers in Burundi, then the future of development in Burundi can be
expected to be modest (African Economic Outlook, 2016).
• Population growth explains why the GDP per capita has not increased in Burundi even though GDP has.
• only 5 % of households have an access to electricity and there can be only a little development on private sector due
the lack of electricity (EEAS, 2017).
• Manufacturing sector is highly underdeveloped (Eggers, 2006: 35–36).
• agricultural production is inefficient (EEAS, 2017).
• corruption is on a high level (EEAS, 2017).
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