Download The Rise of Feudalism in Europe

WOTD
Fief: Land granted by a lord to a
vassal in exchange for loyalty
and service.
Warm Up
• Correctly rewrite the following statement:
After the fall of Rome, the Roman civilization
was completely forgotten and its art,
architecture, language, and achievements
were all forgotten.
Feudalism In Medieval
Europe
Rise of Feudalism
( 500 CE -1500 CE.)
Barbarian
Invasions
cause the
Fall of the
Western
Roman
Empire
Rise of
New
Kingdoms/
States
that are
not united
New
Kingdoms
are unable
to protect
themselves
from
Barbarian
Invasions,
causing a
need for
localized
Protection
The
Rise of
Feudalism
in Europe
Feudal Europe Power Pyramid
The Pope
King
Lords/Nobles
Knights
Peasants
Feudalism
- Vassal- A person who swears loyalty or services
to a lord in exchange for land. Knights were a
lord’s “vassals”.
Popes
• Leader of
Church
• Popes were
seen as
representatives
of God on
Earth.
Kings
• Leader of Kingdoms/
States
• All lords/nobles and
knights swore an oath
of loyalty to the king
to protect the land.
• Controlled large amounts
of land
• Provided Fiefs (Land) to
nobles in exchange for
loyalty and service
• Lived in a Castle
Nobles/Lords
• Swore loyalty to the
king and were given
land called “fiefs” to
protect
• Controlled large amounts of
land
• Lived on a Manor
• Provided income and soldiers
to King
• Serfs & Peasants worked the
land
Clergy
• Served a Lord and the
Manor
• Lived in monasteries or
churches on Manor
• Focused on serving the
church
• Received support from the
Lord’s Manor
Knights
• Armored warriors that
protected the land.
• They often received
“fiefs” for their service.
• Starting training as a Paige at
age of 7-8
Became Squire at 13-14 then
Knighthood at 18 years old
• Lived by code of Chivalry
Peasants and Serfs
• Served a Lord and the
Manor
• Lived in villages on the
Manor
• Lord allowed Peasants/Serfs
to live on land in exchange
for food & services
- Gave most of the crops to
Lord
• Serfs could not leave the
manor without consent from
the Lord
Protection from who?
1. The Vikings invaded
from Scandinavia- They
were quick and savage. They
attacked Ireland, England and
France. They looted and
captured people to sell into
slavery. Most Europeans lived
in terror of them
2. The Magyars from Asia
3. The Muslims (from
South)
Vikings, Muslims and Magyars Invasion Map
Charlemagne
• Charlemagne was first
crowned the king of the
Franks
• Later, in 800 CE he was
crowned by the POPE
Leo III as the king of the
Holy Roman Empire.
• This enraged the Eastern
Byzantines because their ruler
was not selected
• The Church and Charlemagne
depended on each other. The
Pope needed the support of
his army to protect the church,
Charlemagne gained support
from his people because he
was viewed as having “god on
his side”
Charlemagne Continued
• Through wars of
conquest he united
European tribes into one
single empire.
• He showed them that
they have similar values
like Christianity, allowing
them to see themselves
as Europeans not as tribe
members.
By Rafael: the Coronation of
Charlegmagne
William The Conqueror
• He defeated the
English king at the
Battle of Hastings
• To reward the knights
that helped him win
the battle, he gave
them land….Hence,
the beginning of the
feudal system in
England
William The Conquerer
Battle of Hastings
The Pope and King: A Power
Struggle
• Since the large majority of the
people of Feudal Europe were
Christian the Pope had
tremendous power over
everybody.
• They thought they should
select Bishops.
• Kings believed they
should have the power to
select the bishops.
Pope Gregory VII vs. King Henry IV
• In 1073 King Henry IV selected a bishop
Pope Gregory VII did not like.
• The Pope excommunicated (cast him out
of the church) Henry IV.
• Remember :Christians believe that if you die while excommunicated
you will not go to heaven.
• Desperate, the king apologized and asked
for forgiveness.
• In fact, the king stood barefoot in the snow for three days before the
Pope would even talk to him.
Fall of Rome Collage Retest
• You will write a 5 paragraph essay. In this
essay you must describe the reasons for
the collapse of the Roman empire. Your
essay should be structured
– Paragraph 1: Introduction
– Paragraph 2: Political Instability
– Paragraph 3: Economic Problems
– Paragraph 4: Social Problems
– Paragraph 5: Weakening Frontiers
Closing Questions
• 1. How did Charlemagne’s relationship
with the Catholic Church benefit both
parties
• 2. Why was there a need for order after
the death of Charlemagne in 814?
The Dark Ages
Charlemagne