Download Universal Numbering

Dental and Pharmacy Skills
1.Incisors - Located in the front and center
- Broad, sharp edge
-used to cut food
2. Cuspids - Also called canines, or eyeteeth
-Located at angles of lips
-used to tear food
-longest teeth in the mouth
3.Bicuspids - Also called premolars
-located before molars, from front to
back
-used to pulverize or grind food
4. Molars-Teeth in the back of the mouth
-largest and strongest teeth
-used to grind food
5. Primary/Deciduous- First set of teeth
-”Baby Teeth”
-Maintains correct spacing for
permanent teeth.
6. Maxillary-Located in the sockets, or alveoli or
upper jaw bone.
7. Mandibular- Located in the alveoli or the
mandible, or lower jaw bone.
8. Secondary/Permanent- Second set of
teeth, There are 32.
Bite wing: x-ray
Of teeth biting
Panograph: x-ray of all the teeth
1-32 (adult numbering), A-T
(child numbering)
US dentists use the universal
numbering system in which
the teeth are simply numbered
1-32. There are 20 baby teeth
which are lettered A-T.
In both cases the counting
starts from the back upper
right, wrapping around to the
left, and then going to lower
left and ending on lower right.
 Explorer- Used to examine teeth, detect
carious lesions and note other oral
conditions.
 Root Elevator- Used in extractions.
 Excavator- Used to remove caries and
refine the internal parts of the cavity.
 Mouth Mirror- Used in every basic tray
set-up
Dental
Instruments
Scaler
Double ended explorer
Dental Carver
Involves tooth brushing and flossing.
Should be done at least 3 times a day.
Provide necessary equipment such as
toothbrush, toothpaste, dental floss,
mouthwash, emesis, basin, cup, and
water.
Assist the patient as needed.
Benefits of Oral Hygiene include:
Provides Comfort
Stimulates the appetite
Prevents disease and dental caries.
Helps prevent bad breath (halitosis)
Stimulates saliva production which
contains digestive enzymes and promotes
digestion.
The proper terms for the two front teeth
are the Right and Left Central incisors.
 The Mandibular teeth are located in the
lower jaw bone.
Provide privacy for the patient.
Have patient remove dentures if able.
Place dentures in a denture cup to carry to
sink.
Use warm water to clean dentures.
Hold dentures securely. Let patient rinse
mouth and brush gums.
Store dentures in a denture cup labeled
with patient’s name.
The Universal Method uses upper case
letters to identify the deciduous teeth.
There are 20 teeth in the deciduous set.
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Arabic
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Roman
I
II
III
IV
V
VI
VII
VIII
IX
Arabic
10
20
30
40
50
100
500
1,000
Roman
X
XX
XXX
XL
L
C
D
M
 Used for some drugs and solutions
Used for ordering some supplies
KEY NUMERALS:
I, V, X, C, D, M
 Usually, no more that 3 of any one
Roman Numeral is used to represent a
number.
 If the numeral for a smaller number is
used after the numeral for a larger
number, all of the numbers are added
together.
 If the numeral for a smaller number is
used in front of the numeral for a larger
number, the smaller number is subtracted
from the larger number.
 1 Liter = 1000 ml/cc
 1oz. = 30 ml/cc
 1pt. = 1000 ml/cc
 Celsius to Fahrenheit
(C x 1.8)+32=F
 Fahrenheit to Celsius
(F-32)/1.8=C
 15gtt.s (drops) = 1ml
 1liter =10 deciliters
 30cc = 1oz.
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1 Cup = 8oz.
1 inch = 2.54 cm
1m = 3.28 ft
1 Tsp = 5 ml/cc
1ft. = 12 inches
1gallon = 4 qt.
formula to change lb. to
kg = lb/2.2
 Formula to change kg. to
lb. = kg. *2.2
 Use the PDR section product identification to
look up pills.
 If a patient is experiencing nausea and vomiting
the physician prescribe Phenergan. The form of
the medication that would be most appropriate
for the patient would be a suppository.
 Lozenge- Medication that is in the form of a
large flat disc that dissolves in the mouth.
 A type of medication that would be applied
topically would be ointment