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“Don’t hold your
breath!”
L/O :- To Know the changes that happen
to the body during exercise and how to
label the breathing system
Make a list of all the things that happen
to your body when you exercise
Be prepared
to feedback
The main effects of exercise…
Increase in heart
rate
Increased amount
of blood pumped
with each beat
Increase in
breathing rate and
depth
Add these labels to your diagram through the lung dissection
a)
b)
f)
c)
g)
d)
h)
e)
Trachea
Bronchus
Bronchiole
Alveoli
Rib
Rib muscle
Diaphragm
Pleural
Membranes
Gaseous Exchange
The lungs are not empty bags, the are full with
little air sacs called alveoli. This is where the
oxygen diffuses into the blood and the carbon
dioxide diffuses out
To improve the
gaseous exchange the
alveoli have;• A large surface area
•A large network of
capillaries
•Why does it need to
be big?
How are the alveoli adapted?
Applies to both the alveoli in the lungs
Exam Specification
Points:
The effectiveness of an
exchange surface
is increased by:
■ having a large surface
area
■ being thin, to provide a
short diffusion path
■ (in animals) having an
efficient blood supply
AND
The villi in the small intestine.
Breathing.
•
Movements of the ribs, rib muscles and diaphragm allow air into
and out of the lungs: this is called breathing or ventilation
•
When we breathe in, we inhale
When we breathe out, we exhale
•
Inhaled and Exhaled Air
•
Breathing in is also known as inhalation - when you inhale you
breathe in air, including oxygen, into your lungs
•
Breathing out is also known as exhalation - when you exhale you
breathe out the contents of our lungs and getting rid of the
waste gas carbon dioxide
Inhalation (breathing in)
Exhalation (breathing out)
Calculating breathing rate
What is good
about this model
of the lungs?
What are the
limitations of
this model?
How do you think you
could improve it?
‘When it is cold your blood vessels shrink away
from your fingers and toes so that they can keep
the heart and vital organs warm’
Use this sentence to explain why people get
frostbite – hint (blood and oxygen)
What have you learnt?
• Can you list 3 changes that happen to the
body during exercise?
• Can you label the breathing system