Download The Properties of Matter

What is Matter?
• Matter is anything that has volume
and mass.
• All matter takes up space.
• The amount of space taken up, or
occupied, is known as the object’s
volume.
Measuring Liquid Volume
• Measured in liters (L) or milliliters (ml)
• Can be measured in a graduated cylinder,
beaker, or measuring cup
• Meniscus – curve at liquid surface used to
accurately measure liquid volume
What causes the meniscus?
A concave meniscus occurs when the molecules of the liquid attract
those of the container. The glass attracts the water on the sides.
Measuring Liquid Volume
Images created at http://www.standards.dfes.gov.uk/primaryframework/downloads/SWF/measuring_cylinder.swf
What is the volume of water in each cylinder?
Pay attention to the scales for each cylinder.
Measuring Volume of a Regularly
Shaped Solid Object
• Measured in cubic units (having three
dimensions)
• Multiply length x width x height
• Measured as cubic meters (m3) or cubic
centimeters (cm3)
_____ X _____ X _____ = _____
9 cm
8 cm
10 cm
One cubic meter (1 m³) is a cube where each edge is 1 m long
Volume of an Irregularly Shaped Solid
• Measure the displacement of water in a
graduated cylinder
Amount of H O without object = ______
2
Difference (Subtract) = ______
Volume = ______
1 ml is equal to 1cm3
Although volumes of liquids can
be expressed in cubic units,
volumes of solids should not be
expressed in liters or milliliters.
http://resources.edb.gov.hk/~s1sci/R_S1Science/sp/en/syllabus/unit14/new/test
ingmain1.htm
Amount of H O with object = ______
2
Measuring volume of a gas
• If you know the volume of the container
then you know the volume of the gas
Mass and Weight
• Mass – the amount of matter that makes
up something. Measured in kilograms
(kg), grams (g) or milligrams (mg) on a
triple beam balance
• Gravity – a force that exists between any
two objects that have mass
• Weight – measure of the gravitational
force exerted on an object. Expressed
in SI unit of force, the newton (N)
Measured with a spring scale
1 Newton = approximately 100g
of mass on Earth
Measuring Mass
We will be using triple-beam balances to
find the mass of various objects.
The objects are placed on the scale and then
you move the weights on the beams until
you get the lines on the right-side of the
scale to match up.
Once you have balanced the scale, you add up the
amounts on each beam to find the total mass.
What would be the mass of the object measured in
the picture?
_______ + ______ + _______ = ________ g
Top Image: http://www.southwestscales.com/Ohaus_Triple_Beam_750-SO.jpg
Bottom Image: http://www.regentsprep.org/Regents/biology/units/laboratory/graphics/triplebeambalance.jpg
•Mass is constant for an object no
matter where it is in the universe.
The only way to change the mass of
an object is to change the amount of
matter that makes up the object.
•Weight changes with distance of
gravitational force from the Earth or
any other large body of the universe
The more mass an
object has, the greater
the gravitational force
on the object and the
greater the object’s
weight.
A person's weight
on the Moon is 1/6
of his or her weight
on Earth.
Inertia
• The tendency of all objects to resist any
change in motion
• Mass is a measure of inertia (more mass
equals more inertia)
• Objects at rest will remain at rest unless
an unbalanced force causes them to
move
• Objects in motion will stay in motion at
the same speed and direction unless an
unbalanced force causes a change
• Newton’s first law of motion