Download Chapter 10 Practice Questions

Biology 2121 - Practice Questions
Chapter 10 - Muscles
Name___________________________________
MATCHING. Choose the item in column 2 that best matches each item in column 1.
Match the following muscle actions:
1) Extends the thumb.
A) Extensor pollicis longus and brevis
1) _______
2) Extends and abducts the wrist.
B) Flexor carpi ulnaris
2) _______
3) Powerful wrist flexors that also
C) Extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis
3) _______
stabilize the wrist during finger
extension.
D) Flexor digitorum profundus
4) Slow-acting finger flexor.
4) _______
5) Flexes the wrist.
5) _______
Match the following:
6) Muscle that opposes and reverses
the action of another muscle.
7) Muscle that stabilizes the origin of
A) Agonist
6) _______
B) Antagonist
7) _______
another muscle.
C) Synergist
8)
8) _______
Muscle that is primarily responsible
for bringing about a particular
movement.
D) Fixator
9) Muscle that aids another by
9) _______
promoting the same movement.
SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the
question.
10) ________ is a powerful forearm extensor.
10) ____________
11) The ________ runs deep to the external oblique.
11) ____________
12) The ________ helps keep food between the grinding surfaces of the teeth during
12) ____________
chewing.
13) ________ draws the corners of the mouth downward as in expressing horror.
13) ____________
14) ________ is the main chewing muscle.
14) ____________
15) The pectoralis major has a ________ arrangement of fascicles.
15) ____________
16) ________ fibers run at right angles to the axis of the muscle.
16) ____________
17) The quadriceps femoris is composed of three vastus muscles and the ________.
17) ____________
18) ________ is a synergist of the latissimus dorsi; it extends, medially rotates, and adducts
18) ____________
the humerus.
19) How does an antagonist differ from a prime mover? How is it the same?
19) ____________
20) A wide receiver for the Dallas Cowboys pulled a hamstring muscle. What muscles
20) ____________
could be affected and what would the effect be?
21) Which muscle is used for normal breathing and which additional muscles are used
21) ____________
when performing strenuous exercises?
ESSAY. Write your answer in the space provided or on a separate sheet of paper.
22) A young pregnant woman went to a childbirth class and the instructor informed them about strengthening
the muscles of the pelvic floor. What are these muscles?
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
A
C
B
D
B
6)
7)
8)
9)
B
D
A
C
10) Triceps brachii
11) internal oblique
12) buccinator
13) Platysma
14) Masseter
15) convergent
16) Transversus
17) rectus femoris
18) Teres major
19) A prime mover is the muscle that causes the desired movement to occur. An antagonist is a muscle that opposes the
action of the prime mover in a given movement. If, however, the direction of movement reverses, the former
antagonist is now the prime mover and the former prime mover is now the antagonist.
20) The muscles include the biceps femoris, semitendinosus, and semimembranosus. They are important flexors of the
leg and extensors of the thigh. Injuries here could make it impossible to run properly or to bend the thigh.
21) The diaphragm is the primary breathing muscle. The external intercostals are used to increase inspiration and are
synergistic to the diaphragm. Forced exhalations use the internal intercostals.
22) The levator ani and coccygeus muscles form the bulk of the pelvic diaphragm (pelvic floor). Strengthening these
muscles helps in the delivery of the child by resisting downward forces when "pushing."