Download Mrs. Ray*s TAG Language Arts Class

Mrs. Ray’s TAG Language Arts Class
GRAMMARLAND
Nouns
 Noun-a word or word group used to name a person,
place, thing, or idea.
 Types of nouns:
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People-Alyce Walker, Dr. Lacy, women, team
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Places-forest, town, Canada, Grand Rapids
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Things-jewelry, rain, pets, Eiffel Tower
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Ideas-fairness, care, loyalty, idealism
Compound Nouns
 Compound nouns-made up of 2 or more words used
together as a single noun.
One word-basketball, filmmaker, drugstore, doghouse
 Separate words-fire drill, chain reaction, Thomas A. Edison
 Hyphenated word-self-control, mother-in-law, out-of-doors
Common Nouns-name any one of a group of persons, places,
things, or ideas.
Proper Nouns-names a particular person, place, thing, or idea.
Concrete Nouns-name a person, place, thing, or idea that can
be perceived by the senses.
Abstract Nouns-name an idea, feeling, quality, or
characteristic
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Nouns
Common
Nouns
poem
country
athlete
ship
Proper Nouns
“The Raven”
Spain
Mark Ingram
The Queen
Mary
Concrete
Nouns
teacher
ocean
Nick Saban
popcorn
Abstract
Nouns
knowledge
love
humor
beauty
Collective Noun-A word that names a group.
Person-
chorus
crew
Animal-
flock
litter
Thing-
batch
cluster
Pronouns
 Pronouns are used in place of one or more nouns or
pronouns.
 Antecedent-the word that a pronoun stands for.

 EX: Elena read the book and returned it to the
library.
 EX: The models bought themselves new shoes.
Personal Pronouns
 Personal pronoun-refers to the one speaking (first
person), the one spoken to (second person), or the
one spoken about (third person).
 First person-I, me, my, mine, we, us, our, ours
 Second person-you, your yours
 Third person-he, him, his, she, her, hers, it, its, they,
them, their, theirs
Reflexive or Intensive Pronouns
 Reflexive pronoun-refers to the subject and
functions as a compliment or obj. of preposition
(required for the sentence to make sense).
 The rescuers didn’t consider themselves heroes. (DO)
 She is herself again. (Predicate Nominative)
 I don’t feel like myself. (objective of preposition)
 Intensive pronoun-emphasizes a noun or other
pronoun (not required for the sentence to make
sense or for the sentence to mean the same thing).
 Amelia designed the costumes herself.
 I myself sold more than fifty tickets.
Demonstrative and Interrogative Pronouns
 Demonstrative pronouns point out a person, place,
thing or idea.



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This
That
These
Those
Interrogative pronouns introduce a
question.
What, which, who, whom, whose
Relative and Indefinite Pronouns
 Relative pronouns introduce adjective clauses.
 That, which, who, whom, whose
Indefinite pronouns refer to a person, place, thing, or
idea that my not be specifically named.
Examples: all, another, both, each, few, many, most, much,
neither, nobody, other, several.
Adjectives
 An adjective is a word used to modify a noun or
pronoun. Modify=make the meaning more definite.
(What kind, which one, how much, or how many.)
 The only part of speech that can come right in front of the noun
and can also be at the end of a sentence.
 Ex: The girl is pretty. The pretty girl is also very nice.
 A predicate adjective is an adjective in the predicate following a linking verb.
 Articles VS. Demonstrative adjectives
 Articles=a, an, the (A and an are indefinite b/cause they refer to any member of
a general group whereas the refers to a specific item or person.)
 Demonstrative adjective=this, that, these, those
 EX: This teacher loves chocolate.
Adverb
 An adverb is a word that modifies a verb, adjective,
or other adverb.
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

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Where=here, there, nearby
When=promptly, then, later
How=suddenly, carefully
To what extent=quite, scarcely
ADVERBS modifying verbs-EX: Many students did not understand the directions.
ADVERBS modifying adjectives-EX: The team is extremely proud of its record.
ADVERBS modifying adverbs-EX: Our guest left quite abruptly.
Prepositions
 A preposition is a word that shows the relationship
of a noun or pronoun (the object of the preposition)
to another word in a sentence.
 Any way to describe a box-on a box, behind a box,
under a box, around a box.
 Examples-aboard, around, above, across, after,
among, at, before, below, beneath, by, down, for, in,
until, with, without.
Prepositional Phrase
 A prepositional phrase contains a preposition, an
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

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object of the preposition, and any adjectives to
modify.
EX: The teacher read a book to the class.
Preposition or adverb?? Some similar words, just
different uses.
EX: Please go inside soon. (adverb)
EX: Please go inside the house soon.
(preposition)
Conjunctions
 A conjunction is a word used to join other words or
groups of words.
 Coordinating conjunctions-and, but, for, nor, or, so,
yet (FANBOYS)
 Correlative conjunctions-pairs of conjunctions-
both…and, either….or, neither….nor, not only….but
also.
Interjections
 An interjection is a word used to express emotion.
 Oh!
 Wow!
 Yes!
 Sometimes they are followed by commas. EX: Yes,
we would like to come to your party.
Verbs
 Verbs are words used to describe action or a state of
being.
 Action-runs, walks, talks
 EX: She talks too much in class.
 State of being-is, am, are, was, were, any form of be
 EX: She is a nice, polite student.
Verbs
Forms of be
Other linking
Verbs
am
be
being
was
are
been
is
were
appear
grow
seem
stay
become
look
smell
taste
feel
remain
sound
turn
Transitive Verbs
 A transitive
verb is an action verb that
expresses an action directed toward a person, place,
thing, or idea. This is what we call a direct object
(DO).
 You may have an action verb that does not have a
direct object in the sentence. This would make it
intransitive!
 EX: Joel held the baby. (Held=action
verb/baby=direct object.) TRANSITIVE!
 EX: The twins played quietly all day. (Play=action
verb/no DO.) INTRANSITIVE!
Intransitive Verbs
 An intransitive verb is a verb that is either a linking
verb (ALL LINKING VERBS are intransitive!) or an
action verb that does not have a direct object in the
sentence.
 EX: Your roller skates are in the attic. (linking verb)
 EX: Janet swam well in the competition. (action
verb/no DO)
 Thanks for coming to Grammarland!