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Aim: What are the basic scientific terms that you need to know to solve a problem? What is Science? Science is the attempt to understand the world we live in. It tries to find general principles to explain why things are as they are and why things happen the way they do. What is the “heart” of Science? Questioning What? Why? How? When? Where? Progress in science depends on people who not only wonder how the world works but who also take the time to develop questions that can be tested and answered. SCIENTIST • What is a scientist? • A Scientist is someone who investigates to solve a problem Do you see yourself as a scientist? • We are all scientists because we solve problems just the way scientists do. Important Scientific Terms: Observations: Information that is collected with any of the senses. Instruments can enhance our senses. Evidence: Support for the idea that something is true. INFERENCES • What is an inference? • An inference is a conclusion or deduction based on observations. ASSUMPTIONS • What is an assumption? • A statement that you believe to be true, but cannot be proven. All scientists should not make assumptions. OPINIONS What is an opinion? Ideas people have that may or may not be true Opinions are often biased and should not be included in science How do scientists solve problems? • SCIENTIFIC METHOD! • Definition: A process that is used to logically solve problems SCIENTIFIC METHOD STEPS: • Problem • Observation • Research • Hypothesis: Experiment • Results/Data • Conclusion Identify the following as an: Opinion, Inference, Observation, or Assumption: 1. Living Environment is the best subject. 2. It is sunny out today. 3. Paul did not eat lunch today because he had a big breakfast. 4. After many careful observations, Isaac Newton claimed that objects fall to the ground due to the force of gravity. 5. John has blue eyes. 6. The Yankees have better uniforms than the Mets. 7. Research indicates that cigarette smoking increases the risk for developing lung cancer. Sir Alexander Fleming •In 1928, Sir Alexander Flemming was studying Staphylococcus bacteria growing in culture dishes. He was looking for a chemical agent that could kill bacteria. One day, Flemming was cleaning up his lab area and throwing out old culture dishes. Before discarding these culture dishes, Flemming quickly examined them. He noticed that the bacteria were not growing in the culture dishes that were contaminated with a certain type of mold. A clear area existed around the mold indicating that the bacteria in this area had died. In the culture dishes without the mold, no clear areas were present. Flemming later identified this mold which was called Penicillium. 1. List an important observation from this passage. 2. What can we infer about the effects of Penicillium from this passage? • http://app.discoveryeducation.com/search ?Ntt=scientific+method