Download Name: Date: Earth Science- Sedimentary Rock Notes Formation

Name: ________________________________________
Earth Science- Sedimentary Rock Notes
Date: _____________________
A. Formation
1. Sedimentary rocks form from the
______________________________________________________ of rock fragments and
sediments
2. Lithification:
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
3. Sedimentary rocks are similar to the
___________________________________________________________________________
(ie. Sandstone is made up of sand)
B. Clastic Sedimentary Rocks
1. Formed when rock fragments & sediments are carried and deposited by
___________________________________________________________________________.
2. The further water carries sediment, the __________________________________________
the sediment becomes.
3. When a stream slows down it drops the ______________________________ particles first
& the __________________________________ last (Horizontal Sorting)
4. Rocks formed closer to the shore will be made up of ________________________________
fragments than rocks formed farther away from the shore.
C. Crystalline Sedimentary Rocks
1. Formed when
___________________________________________________________________________
(seawater evaporates, leaving the minerals behind to crystalize)
2. Also known as ______________________________________
D. Bioclastic Sedimentary Rocks
1. Formed from the
___________________________________________________________________________.
a. Fossil Limestone – formed when shell remains of marine organisms are cemented in
fragments
b. Shells are made of CALCITE which reacts with acid
2. Coal Formation
a. Long ago, huge trees grew in the
____________________________________________________________________.
b. Trees died and decomposed into what is called ________________________
c. ________________________________ was buried under layers of _____________.
d. ______________________________________________, slowly changing the plant
remains into ____________________.
E. Related Terms:
1. Stratification:
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
2. Fossils:_____________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
F. “Bells and Whistles” of Sedimentary Rocks:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Stratification
Fossils
Fragments of materials cemented together
Ripples marks
Mud Cracks