Download Injuries to the Face

Injuries to the Face
Otitis Externa
• What is it?
– Also known as swimmers ear
– Definition: bacterial infection in the ear canal
• How?
– Moisture accumulates in the canal
– Blocked by the ear wax
• Signs/Symptoms:
– Pain, dizziness, discharge, hearing loss, itching, Ear swells
• Immediate Treatment:
– Dry the ear
– Use drops (3% boric acid and alcohol solution)
• Professional Treatment:
– Doctor will prescribe antibiotics
• Prevention:
– Dry ears thoroughly
• Don’t use q-tips b/c it shoves stuff deeper in ear
– Use 3% Boric Acid and Alcohol solution drops
before and after swimming
– Use ear plugs
Cauliflower Ear
What is it?
The external portion of the ear suffers a
blow, blood clot, or collection of fluid between
cartilage and skin. Results in deformity
signs/symptoms
• swelling
•Red or bruised ear
Professional treatment
Prevention
•Preventing this injury by wearing
•Doctor can make a small incision and
drain accumulated blood or remove a clot appropriate head gear
Ruptured Tympanic Membrane
What is it? an opening or hole in the eardrum
Barry
Information
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Signs/symptoms: Drainage from ear, noise or buzzing in ear, earache or
discomfort, hearing loss, weakness of the face and/or dizziness.
Immediate treatment: Warmth to ear may relieve minor discomfort, and keep
the ear dry and clean
Professional treatment: A doctor or nurse may put a patch over the eardrum to
speed healing. Surgical repair of the eardrum may be needed if the eardrum does
not heal on its own.
Long-term effects: The individual may experience permanent damage to hearing,
but is unlikely.
Prevention: Avoid loud sounds and do put objects in an ear.
Dislocation/Fractured Tooth
• Definition:
-minor fracture –chipped enamel or dentin
- severe fracture- vertical, horizontal, diagonal
fracture
• Signs/Symptoms:
-broken tooth, missing tooth, severe pain & severe bleeding of tooth
•Treatment:
-if fractured then when possible see dentist; will put a “cap” over it.
-if permanent tooth is knocked out rinse it off and put back in socket
immediately within 15min. or if put in milk (seek medical help immediately)
• Prevention
-mouth guards, cover face, duck
TMJ Dislocation
What is it?
The TMJ become dislocated when the condyle moves too far. Get
stuck in front of a section of bone
How? Most often occur follow extreme opening of the mouth during
eating.
-yawning, Laughing, singing, vomiting, Dental treatment
Signs/Symptoms: The jaw lock in an open position and you cannot
close your mouth.
Treatment: Put it back if you know how, if not go to Dr
Prevention: Limit the range of motion of the jaw
Jaw Fracture
•A jaw fracture is a break in the mandible
•Signs/Symptoms
•Bleeding from mouth
•Difficulty opening the mouth widely
•Facial bruising or swelling
•Jaw tenderness or pain
•Immediate Treatment
•Prevent choking
•Immobilize jaw
•Control swelling
•Professional Treatment
•Usually surgery
•May have mouth wires
Nasal Septum Deviation
General Information
• What is it?
• an abnormal condition in which the top of the
cartilaginous ridge leans to the left or the right
How?
* impact trauma, such as by a blow to the face.
Signs & Symptoms:
* Breathing issues, deformity, nose bleeds
Immediate treatment: nasal Sprays, decongestants (but these
are only temporary fixes
Epistaxis
• AKA: bloody nose
• What is it? When your nose bleeds (dah)
• How? External trauma (you got hit) or Internal trauma (nose
picking, irritation from cold)
• Treatment: noseplugs, lean forward not back, pinch nose for
10 mins
Fractured Nose
Definition: Nasal bone is broke
Signs and Symptoms: Pain, bruising, crepitus –
Immediate Treatment – Ice and Advil, seek medical attention
Long term Effects – crooked nose
Abrasion/Punctured eyelid
•What is it? A stab/scratch wound to the eyelid.
•Signs/symptoms:
-pain, bleeding, numbness, weakness, redness, increased warmth of
skin, decreased vision.
•What do you do?
-Go to Urgent Care
-You may put a patch over the eye if needed
Conjunctivitis
(Pink Eye)
What is it?
The swelling or infection of the membrane lining the eye lids
Signs/Symptoms:
- blurred vision, eye pain, itching, redness, increased tearing, crusts,
sensitivity
- very contagious
Causes:
allergies, bacteria, viruses, chemicals, or underlying health conditions
Immediate Treatment:
Eye drops w/ antibiotics
Hyphema
What is it? Hyphema is blood in the front of the eye
How? direct trauma to the eye. More
severe bleeding may occur in 3-5 days
after trauma.
Signs/Symptoms:
Blood in the eye
Eye pain
Light sensitivity
Vision abnormalities
Prevention
Wear protective gear
What do you do?
Send them to eye doctor
Retinal Detachment
What is it?:
the retina becomes separated from the choroid in the back of the eye.
Signs/Symptoms:
•Bright Flashes
•Blurred Vision
•Floaters in the eye
•Shadows or blindness in vision
Prevention:
• Protective eyewear during work or sports
Immediate Treatment: This injury requires IMMEDIATE medical care, so all
you can do is give the person sunglasses, to protect them from light
sensitivity, and get them to a hospital. Whether you call 911 or drive them
yourself.
Sty
• What is it? an infection of the oil glands of the eyelid
• Signs/Symptoms
- A lump on the top or bottom eyelid
- localized swelling of the eyelid
- Pain, redness, itchy, tender
- mucous discharge in the eye
Immediate Treatment
* apply warm compressions 4-6 times a
day for about 15 mins each
* gently scrub eyelid with water and soap
* discontinue eye makeup and contacts
Foreign object in eye
What is it? foreign object in eye
Signs/Symptoms:
Discomfort in eye,
blurry vision & teary eyes.
Pain and redness
Immediate Treatment:
Flush out with water or saline
See Dr to make sure no scratches on the eyeball
Ruptured Globe
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What is it? Eyeball itself is damaged
How? Trauma, foreign objects
Signs/Symptoms: Pain, vision impairment, deformity
Immediate Treatment: Cover up both eyes with patch or use
a cup – get to ER right away
Orbital Fracture/ Blowout
What is it? A break in one of the bones that make up the orbit.
How? Trauma
Signs/Symptoms: Pain, bruising, crepitus, swelling
Immediate Treatment: ice, Advil, go to Dr