Download Classification of Animals

Classification of Animals
Bellringer
1. What is excretion?
2. What are the purposes of excretion in
animals?
3. What are the types of excretion in animals?
4. Do fish pee? Why or why not?
Bellringer Answers
1. Excretion is the
elimination of wastes
from the body.
2. Maintain
homeostasis,
maintain blood pH
and water content,
remove wastes
adapted from
http://gideon.k12.mo.us/teachers/jswi
Animals With Backbones
AMPHIBIAN
FISH
MAMMAL
BIRD
REPTILE
Animals With Backbones
• Animals with backbones are called vertebrates.
• Vertebrates include many different kinds of
animals. They can be found just about
everywhere – in oceans, rivers, forests, mountains,
and deserts.
• Animals with backbones can be broken up into
smaller groups by characteristics.
• They are:
Fish
Fish Characteristics
• Fish are vertebrates with an endoskeleton
• They have a simple closed circulatory
system
• Fish are bilaterally symmetrical
• Fish reproduce sexually, fertilize externally
• Breathing occurs through the gills
adapted from
http://gideon.k12.mo.us/teachers/jswi
Fish Examples
• Jawless Fish – lampreys
• Cartilaginous Fish – sharks
• Bony Fish – bluegill, bass, salmon
adapted from
http://gideon.k12.mo.us/teachers/jswi
Fish Distinguishing Characteristics
• They are the largest group of vertebrates.
• They come in many sizes and shapes.
• Many fish are covered with scales that
protects them.
• They have fins that help them to steer and
balance in the water.
• Their body temperatures vary in the water.
• They breathe through gills.
Fish and Excretory System
Videos
• True Facts About the Anglerfish:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZBbpaNXbxg
• How the Urinary System Works:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2_7Q1x
Q-NWU
adapted from
http://gideon.k12.mo.us/teachers/jswi
Amphibians
Amphibian Characteristics
• Vertebrate with an endoskeleton
• Closed circulatory system with 3 chambered
heart
• Bilateral symmetry
• Sexual reproduction (in water, soft egg with
no shell)
• Moves using muscular system and four legs
adapted from
http://gideon.k12.mo.us/teachers/jswi
Amphibian Characteristics
• Breathes using lungs and through skin
(diffusion)
• Examples: frogs, toads, and salamanders
adapted from
http://gideon.k12.mo.us/teachers/jswi
Amphibian Distinguishing
Characteristics
• Their body temperature varies with their
surroundings (cold-blooded).
• Amphibians hatch from eggs and they can
live on land as an adult.
• Young amphibians breathe through gills
like fish.
• Adult amphibians breathe air from lungs.
• Some have smooth moist skin.
True Facts About the Frog
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ndQZB
QJf034
adapted from
http://gideon.k12.mo.us/teachers/jswi
Reptiles
Reptile Characteristics
• Vertebrate with an endoskeleton
• Closed circulatory system with 3 chambered
heart
• Bilateral symmetry
• Sexual Reproduction (leathery amniotic
eggs)
• Muscular System (four legs)
adapted from
http://gideon.k12.mo.us/teachers/jswi
Reptiles Characteristics
• Breathes through lungs (Respiratory
System)
• Examples: lizards, snakes, alligators
adapted from
http://gideon.k12.mo.us/teachers/jswi
Reptile Distiguishing
Characteristics
•
•
•
•
•
Reptiles can move at various speeds.
They lay their eggs on land.
They have dry scaly skin and claws.
They can include animals as large as a crocodile.
Their body temperature varies with their
environment (cold blooded).
• They live in hot, dry deserts and in warm, wet
tropical rain forests.
True Facts About the Chameleon
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UR_by
RbXxvs
adapted from
http://gideon.k12.mo.us/teachers/jswi
Birds
Bird Characteristics
• Vertebrates with an endoskeleton
• Closed circulatory system with 4 chambered
heart
• Bilateral symmetry
• Sexual reproductions (hard shelled eggs)
• Moves with muscular system and wings!
• Breathes with lungs
adapted from
http://gideon.k12.mo.us/teachers/jswi
Examples of Birds
• Birds range in size from as small as your
finger or as large as a human.
adapted from
http://gideon.k12.mo.us/teachers/jswi
Bird Characteristics
• There are about 9,000 types of birds.
• Birds are vertebrates that have wings and they are
covered with feathers.
– No other animal has this feature.
• The bird’s skeleton is very light in weight.
• Their bones are hollow. This helps them to fly.
Mammals
Mammal Characteristics
• Vertebrates with endoskeleton
• Closed circulatory system with 4 chambered
heart
• Bilateral symmetry
• Their young grows inside the mother.
• Moves using muscular system and four
appendages
• Breathes through lungs
adapted from
http://gideon.k12.mo.us/teachers/jswi
Examples of Mammals
• They include a wide range of animals: ape,
lions, kangaroos, bats, and etc.
adapted from
http://gideon.k12.mo.us/teachers/jswi
Mammal Characteristics
• Humans are mammals but other mammals
have more hair than we do.
• The hair keeps the animals warm.
• They feed milk to their young.
Bellringer
Should you pee on a jellyfish sting?
– Read the article on the desk and answer this
question. Use at least 2 pieces of evidence to
support your answer.
– If peeing on the sting is not effective, what
should you do instead?
adapted from
http://gideon.k12.mo.us/teachers/jswi
Invertebrates
Invertebrate Classification
• What is an Invertebrate?
• Invertebrates are animals that do not have
backbones.
• 97 % of the animal kingdom is made up of
invertebrates.
• Some can be found in ponds, oceans, and other
water environments.
• Insects and some other invertebrates have
exoskeletons.
An Exoskeleton is a hard outer covering that
protects an animal’s body and gives it support.
There are six groups of invertebrates. They
are:
Sponges
Sponges
• Sponges have no skeleton or circulatory
system
• Sponges have no symmetry
• Sponges can reproduce sexually or
asexually
• Juvenile sponges move, adults are sessile
adapted from
http://gideon.k12.mo.us/teachers/jswi
Sponges
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=65vEV
mZIiNg
adapted from
http://gideon.k12.mo.us/teachers/jswi
Sponges Characteristics
• They look like plants but they are animals.
• Sponges stay fixed in one place.
• Their bodies are full of holes and their
skeleton is made of spiky fibers.
• Water flows through the holes of their body
which enables them to catch food.
Corals, Hydras, and Jellyfish
Cnidarians
• Most cnidarians have no skeleton. Coral
have an exoskeleton
• They have no circulatory system
• Radial symmetry
• Cnidarians reproduce sexually and
asexually
adapted from
http://gideon.k12.mo.us/teachers/jswi
Cnidarians Video
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2KR8LypESI
adapted from
http://gideon.k12.mo.us/teachers/jswi
Characteristics
• Corals look like plants but they belong to the
animal kingdom.
• They have soft tubelike bodies with a single
opening surrounded by armlike parts called
tentacles.
• They feed by catching tiny animals in their
tentacles.
• Hydras have tentacles that catch their food.
• They move from place to place.
• Hydras are much smaller animals.
• Jellyfish catch shrimp,fish, and other animals in its
tentacles also.
Bellringer
• Use page 977 to fill in the structures and
functions of the digestive system on the
paper (either you got it yesterday, or you are
getting it now)
adapted from
http://gideon.k12.mo.us/teachers/jswi
Worms:
Flatworms,
Roundworms,
and
Segmented
worms
Worm Characteristics
• Worms are tube-shaped invertebrates which
allows them to be put into groups.
• They can be found in both land and water
environments.
Flatworm Introduction
• (http://www.animalplanet.com/tvshows/monsters-inside-me/videos/meterlong-tapeworm/)
• Note: This is from Monsters Inside Me
adapted from
http://gideon.k12.mo.us/teachers/jswi
Flatworm Facts
• No skeletal system, though they do have
muscles
• No true circulatory system
• Breathe through diffusion
• Bilaterally symmetrical
• Reproduce sexually (hermaphrodites)
adapted from
http://gideon.k12.mo.us/teachers/jswi
Flatworms
• Most have a muscular system to help them
move
• They have a head and a tail, and flattened
bodies.
• A tapeworm is a flatworm that can live
inside the body of animals and humans. It
can cause you to become sick.
Examples
• Tapeworms
• Platyhelminthes
adapted from
http://gideon.k12.mo.us/teachers/jswi
Roundworm Introduction
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z9RJH
kzQtXc
• Note: From Monsters Inside Me
adapted from
http://gideon.k12.mo.us/teachers/jswi
Roundworm Facts
• No true skeletal system (hydro-static
system)
• No circulatory system
• Bilateral symmetry
• Reproduces sexually (some are
hermaphroditic)
adapted from
http://gideon.k12.mo.us/teachers/jswi
Roundworm Facts
• They move using muscles and a hydrostatic skeleton
– Think pressurized fluid
• Breathes mainly through diffusion
adapted from
http://gideon.k12.mo.us/teachers/jswi
Examples
• Ascaris Worms
• Trichina
adapted from
http://gideon.k12.mo.us/teachers/jswi
Roundworm
• They have rounded bodies.
• They live in damp places and they can also
live inside humans and other animals.
• They too can make people and other
animals sick.
Annelids Introduction
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XtpER
pBDJtU
adapted from
http://gideon.k12.mo.us/teachers/jswi
Annelids Information
• No true skeletal system
• Closed circulatory system
– The blood flows through vessels only
• Bilateral symmetry
• Reproduces sexually (hermaphroditic)
• Move by expanding and contracting body
segments
adapted from
http://gideon.k12.mo.us/teachers/jswi
• Annelids breath through their skin
(diffusion)
• Examples: Leeches, Earthworms
adapted from
http://gideon.k12.mo.us/teachers/jswi
Annelids
• The earthworm belongs to this group of
worms.
• Their bodies are divided in segments, or
sections.
• They prefer burrowing through moist soil.
• This allows them to move easily and it
keeps them from drying out.
Bellringer
• Complete the questions in the handout over
the human reproductive system.
• Use Chapter 34 in your book for help
adapted from
http://gideon.k12.mo.us/teachers/jswi
Mollusks
Mollusk Introduction
• True Facts About the Land Snail
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VTV23B
5gBsQ
adapted from
http://gideon.k12.mo.us/teachers/jswi
Mollusk Information
• No skeletal system. They have a shell and a
hydro-static skeleton
• Open circulatory system
• Bilateral symmetry
• Sexual (hermaphrodites)
• It moves using its muscular foot and its
hydro-static skeleton
adapted from
http://gideon.k12.mo.us/teachers/jswi
Examples of Mollusks
adapted from
http://gideon.k12.mo.us/teachers/jswi
Mollusk Characteristics
• A mollusk has a hard shell, a rough tongue,
and a muscular foot.
• A snail is a mollusk with a single hard shell.
• A clam has two shells joined together by a
hinge.
• Squids and octopuses are also mollusk.
• Their hard shells are small, but they are
inside their bodies.
Echinoderms: Starfish and
Sea Urchins
Echinoderms Introduction
• Sea Pig:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_y4DbZi
vHCY
• Sea Horse:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UqYUTT
qupOY
adapted from
http://gideon.k12.mo.us/teachers/jswi
Echinoderms Information
• Have an endoskeleton composed of
calcerous ossicles
• Open circulatory system
• Radial symmetry
• Sexual Reproduction (external fertilization)
• Moves using a water vascular system
• They breath through simple gills in their
feet.
adapted from
http://gideon.k12.mo.us/teachers/jswi
Characteristics
• It belongs to a group of invertebrates that
have tiny tube feet and body parts arranged
around a central area.
• A starfish has five arms and no head!
• The hard, spiny covering of the starfish
gives the animal protection.
• A sea urchin belongs to this same group.
• Its body is covered with spines.
5th Period: True Facts About the
Octopus
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=st8EY71K84
adapted from
http://gideon.k12.mo.us/teachers/jswi
Starfish Dissection: Bellringer
• Pick your group for dissection (3 – 4
people)
• Get one lab paper for your group from my
desk
• Read the starfish information and complete
the pre-lab questions
• Listen for further instructions
adapted from
http://gideon.k12.mo.us/teachers/jswi
Bellringer
1. What are your thoughts
when you see this
picture?
2. What do these two
spiders have in
common?
3. What is a good reason
to have spiders in an
ecosystem?
adapted from
http://gideon.k12.mo.us/teachers/jswi
Arthropods
Arthropod Characteristics
• Arthropods are a group of invertebrates
with jointed legs and hard exoskeleton that
protect the arthropod.
• They possess an open circulatory system
adapted from
http://gideon.k12.mo.us/teachers/jswi
Arthropod Characteristics
• Arthropods have bilateral symmetry
• Arthropods with few exceptions have
separate sexes and reproduce sexually
• Muscles attached to the inside of their
exoskeleton act as a lever system (like in
vertebrates)
adapted from
http://gideon.k12.mo.us/teachers/jswi
Arthropod Characteristics
• Aquatic arthropods possess gills through
which they breathe
• Terrestrial arthropods possess tracheae (tiny
tubes) and book lungs
adapted from
http://gideon.k12.mo.us/teachers/jswi
Arthropod Distinguishing
Characteristics
• Jointed legs and hard exoskeleton that protect the
arthropod.
• They are the only invertebrates that can fly
• As it grows, it molts, or sheds its old exoskeleton.
• Then it grows a new exoskeleton that allows its
body to continue to grow.
• The largest group of arthropods are insects.
Arthropod Examples
• Insects: flies, bees,
grasshoppers
• Crustaceans: lobsters,
crayfish, crabs
• Arachnids: spiders,
ticks, mites, scorpions
• Centipedes and
millipedes as well.
adapted from
http://gideon.k12.mo.us/teachers/jswi
Arthropods: Insects, Spiders, and
Centipedes/Millipedes
• Crustaceans have two pairs of antennae, gills, and
seven or more appendages for feeding, swimming,
walking, respiration, and reproduction
• Arachnids have jointed legs (eight legs), jaws and
fangs.
• Insects have bodies divided into three parts, and
six legs.
• True Facts About the Mantis:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0aSCP
mabRpM
• True Facts About the Mantis Shrimp:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F5FEj9UCJM
adapted from
http://gideon.k12.mo.us/teachers/jswi
Today’s Goals
• Get in the group you want to dissect the
crayfish with on Friday (3 – 4 people)
• Get one handout for your group and sit
together.
• Complete all parts of pre-lab using
– Crayfish placemats
– Crustacean section in book (page 735)
• Last 3 minutes we will discuss the
benchmark assessment Wed. and Thurs.
adapted from
http://gideon.k12.mo.us/teachers/jswi
Summary
Invertebrates do not have backbones. They include the
smallest animals such as: spiders, mites, insects, and worms.
Vertebrates do have backbones. They include animals such as:
Horses, birds, cats, dogs, fish, lizards, and snakes.