Download Cell Processes Notebook

1. ALL LIVING THINGS ARE MADE
UP OF CELLS
• Write the three parts of the cell theory:
– 1.
– 2.
– 3.
2. Cells
• How does a cell obtain energy and raw
materials (pg 92)?
• How does a cell get rid of wastes (pg 93)?
• What surrounds the cell and enables the
exchanges to take place?
3. ALL LIVING THINGS MAKE
ENERGY. IN ORDER TO DO
THIS IT MUST MOVE
CHEMICALS INTO THE CELL
AND MOVE WASTES OUT OF
THE CELL.
• Passive transport processes:
– Diffusion and Osmosis
• Active transport processes:
– Endocytosis and Exocytosis
4. Diffusion
• Write the definition of diffusion.
• Write a definition of osmosis.
• What does the word concentration have
to do with diffusion?
5. Draw an illustration of
Diffusion
6. Osmosis
Review:
• What is a molecule (pg 44)?
• What is a semi-permeable membrane (pg 91)?
• What does equilibrium mean (refer to the article
we read in class)?
• True or False: Cells must keep water and
concentration of particles in balance
(equilibrium) to remain healthy.
7. Passive Transport
• Write the definition of passive transport.
• Particles move from an area of _____________
concentration to an area of
____________________ concentration.
• Examples:
– _______________________
– _______________________
8. Draw an illustration of Passive
Transport across a cell membrane
9. Active Transport
• Write a definition of active transport.
• Usually this process involves the movement of
particles from an area of ________________
concentration to an area of ____________
concentration.
• Examples:
– _______________________
– _______________________
10. Draw an Illustration of Active
Transport across a cell membrane
11. Endocytosis
requires ___________
(Trick: Endo = ___________)
• Write the definition of endocytosis.
• Is endocytosis a passive transport process
or an active transport process?
12. Illustrate the three steps of
ENDOCYTOSIS
(Each step needs a caption explaining what is happening)
13. Exocytosis
requires ___________
(Trick: Exo = ___________)
• Write the definition of exocytosis.
• Is exocytosis a passive transport process
or an active transport process?
14.Illustrate the three steps of
EXOCYTOSIS
(Each step needs a caption explaining what is happening)
15. ALL LIVING THINGS USE
ENERGY
• All cells need energy to live, grow and develop,
respond to changes, and reproduce.
• Plant cells capture energy from the _________.
• Animal cells get energy from __________.
– Animal cells get energy from their food in two different ways:
____________ ____________ (2 words) and ____________.
• Define each of these processes:
– Photosynthesis
– Cellular respiration
– Fermentation
16. Illustrate a plant cell obtaining energy
from the sun and an animal cell
obtaining energy from the plant (food).
The illustration must include captions
17. Photosynthesis
Makes _________
• ______________ capture energy from the sun
and change it into food.
• The food that plants make supplies them with
__________________.
• Write a definition of chlorophyll.
• Chlorophyll gives plants their __________ color.
• Chlorophyll is found in the _____________.
18. Photosynthesis
Makes _________
• Write the chemical equation (pg 94) for
photosynthesis. Under each component draw
an illustration to help you remember this
equation.
19.Cellular Respiration
Makes _________
• Most ____________ _____________ obtain
energy through cellular respiration.
• During cellular respiration, ____________ (such
as glucose) is broken down into ________ and
________, and ___________ is released.
• In animals, most of the energy released helps
maintain _______ _______________.
• Some of the energy is used to form _______
(energy that fuels cell activities).
20. Cellular Respiration
Makes _________
• Write the chemical equation for cellular
respiration (pg 95). Under each component
draw an illustration to help you remember the
equation.
21. The CONNECTION between
Photosynthesis &
Cellular Respiration
• Photosynthesis transforms energy from the
________ into glucose. During photosynthesis,
cells use ______ to make glucose, and the cells
release ______.
• During cellular respiration, cells use ______ to
break down ___________ and release
___________ and ______.
• Each process makes the materials that are
needed for the other process to occur
elsewhere.
22. Fermentation
Makes _________
• Write the definition of fermentation.
• One kind of fermentation happens in your
muscles and produces ________ _______.
• The buildup of _________ _________ contributes to muscle
fatigue and causes a burning sensation.
• This kind of fermentation also happens in the muscle cells of
other animals and in some ___________ and _____________.
• Another type of fermentation occurs in some
types of ______________ and ____________.
23. ALL LIVING THINGS GROW AND
DEVELOP,REPRODUCE, AND HAVE
DNA
Cell Cycle and Cell Division
• Write a definition of the cell cycle.
– The cell cycle begins when the cell is _________________.
– Then cell cycle ends when the cell _________________.
• Before a cell divides, it must make a copy of its
_______ (hereditary material that controls all
cell activities, including the making of new
cells).
• Copying _____________ ensures that each
new cell will be an exact copy of its parent cell.
24. Cell Division in Prokaryotes
•
Write a definition of prokaryotic cell (review).
•
Draw an illustration of a typical prokaryotic cell (review).
•
What is an example of a prokaryote (review)?
•
What does binary fission mean (pg 98).
•
Binary fission results in two cells that each contain one copy of the circle of
_____________.
25. Illustrate Binary Fission (p 98)
Include a caption.
26. ALL LIVING THINGS HAVE DNA
Eukaryotic Cells and DNA
• The chromosomes in eukaryotic cells contain
more __________ than prokaryotic cells do.
• The number of chromosomes depends on the
organism.
– Example: Fruit flies have _________
chromosomes, potatoes have ____________
chromosomes, and humans have ___________
chromosomes.
• In eukaryotes, does having more chromosomes
mean you are a more complex organism? ____
27. Illustrate the human chromosome
(You must show all 23 pairs of chromosomes)
28. Eukaryotic Cell Cycle
• There are three stages in the eukaryotic cell
cycle:
– ____________- the cell grows and copies its
organelles and chromosomes.
– ____________- a process of cell division that forms
two new nuclei, each of which has the same
number of chromosomes.
– ____________- the cytoplasm begins to divide and
two identical cells are formed.
29. The Eukaryotic Cell Cycle
Draw, label, and write a caption for the three stages of a
cell’s cycle. (Hint: there are six total drawings because
Mitosis has 4 phases)
30. RECAP – Putting it all together
List the six characteristics of life and at least one cell
process/cell feature related to the characteristic.
1. Living things are made of one or more cells
Ex: Cell theory
2. Living things have DNA
Ex: ALL cells have chromosomes made of DNA
3. Living things ______________________________________
Ex:
4. Living things ______________________________________
Ex:
5. Living things ______________________________________
Ex:
6. Living things ______________________________________
Ex:
31. RECAP – Putting it all together
• If all the plants in the world were destroyed,
what do you think would happen to the rest of
the living things and why?
32. REVIEW
Name the five building blocks of the cell. Beside the
building blocks list any cell part or cell process that
depends on this chemical.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.