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The Water Cycle Water on earth moves in a continuous cycle The Water Cycle VOCABULARY Evaporation – Water vapor rising in the atmosphere Condensation – The changing of water from a vapor to a liquid Precipitation – Any form of water falling from the sky such as rain, sleet, snow, and hail The Sun The sun’s energy is necessary to power the water cycle. Evaporation The sun warms the water in the ocean, causing it to change from water (liquid) to water vapor (gas). Condensation Once the warm gas hits the cooler air it changes back into a liquid and forms a cloud. Tiny water droplets bounce around in the cloud. As they hit each other, they stick together and become larger. Precipitation Once they become so heavy, the cloud can no longer hold them. It begins to precipitate. Precipitation can be: Rain Snow Sleet Hail These water droplets and ice crystals form clouds or fog. Precipitation collects in: Rivers Lakes Oceans Precipitation Then what? Right! It starts all over again! That is why it is called a cycle. Sun warms ocean water causing it to EVAPORATE. Water vapor CONDENSES to form clouds. Clouds become very heavy before beginning to PRECIPITATE. Precipitation collects in rivers, lakes, and oceans. The sun warms ocean water… Clouds Clouds are masses of small water droplets or tiny ice crystals that float in the air The three main types are – Cirrus – Cumulus – Stratus CIRRUS CLOUDS Cirro-– Curled or wispy Form highest in the sky – Made up of ice crystals Usually signal the end of clear weather CUMULUS CLOUDS Cumulo— – Means heaped Cottony clouds – Flat gray bases, puffy, white tops Usually signal good weather, but can produce showers and thunderstorms STRATUS CLOUDS Strato— – Means layerlike Low-lying, dull colored clouds – Form in layers Usually bring drizzling rain or light-falling snow CLOUD FORMATIONS Cloud type Cirrus Cumulus Stratus Level Description High Wispy, ice crystals, signal change Middle Puffy, white, good weather Low Low layer of gray, precipitation View STORMS Hurricane – A low-pressure tropical storm that develops in the North Atlantic and Eastern North Pacific Tornado – One of the smallest, yet most violent, storm types Thunderstorm – Disturbance caused by cold front, thunder and lightning occur HURRICANE Form over ocean near the equator Winds spin counterclockwise Winds must be over 75 mph The strongest storms on earth TORNADO Spiraling funnel cloud Form along cold fronts Very unpredictable Winds can exceed 500 mph inside tornado Mostly occur in spring THUNDERSTORM Caused by a cold front Strong winds and heavy rain Usually bring thunder and lightning Are usually over quickly