Download Animal Reproduction

Animal Reproduction
Ch. 10
Function
• new animals are brought into the
production cycle for use by
humans
• involve all systems of the animals
body
– all must work in harmony
Male
Pathway for Sperm
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Testicle
Epididymis
Vas deferens
Seminal Vessicles
Prostate Gland
Cowper’s Gland
Penis
Testicles
• Male sex organ
– produce hormone
• testosterone
– produced in the interstitial cells
– controls the animals sex drive
– plays role in the development of sex
characteristics
Male Sex Characteristics
• Makes a male look like a male
– broad, massive head
– weight concentrated in the shoulder
– masculine appearance
Testicles (cont.)
• housed in the scrotum
– heat regulating structure
• viable sperm will not develop at body
temp.
• Seminiferous tubules
– produce sperm
– 50 football fields
Epididymis
• Four Functions
– transport
– storage
– maturation
– concentration of sperm
• remove water
Vas deferens
• transports mature sperm from the
tail of the epididymis past the
secondary sex glands
Secondary Sex Glands
• Seminal vessicles
– holding place of sperm
– secrete fluid
• Prostate gland
– fluid supplies nutrients for sperm
– muscular gland that expels semen
Secondary Sex Glands
• Cowper’s Gland
– fluid cleans the urethra
– thickens semen
Urethra and Penis
• Urethra
– conduit for urine and semen
• Penis
– expels semen into female tract
– protected by sheath
Female
Pathway for Ovum
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Ovaries
Infundibulum
Fallopian Tube
Uterus
Cervix
Vagina
Vulva
Ovaries
• located near the kidneys
• produces estrogen
– female sex hormone
• causes onset of puberty
– female body changes
• prepares rest of reproductive tract for
embryo
Ovaries
• all ova present at birth
– mature cow
• 75,000 present
• only 20-30 used
Maturation of Ova
• Primary Follicles
– potential ova found near the surface of
the ovary
– Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH)
• produced in the Pituitary gland
• causes follicle to mature
– Graafian follicle
Maturation of Ova
• Luteinizing Hormone (LH)
– produced in the Pituitary Gland
– causes rupture of Graafian follicle and
release of ovum
• Corpus Luteum (CL)
– scar-like structure produced at rupture
site
Infundibulum
• top of fallopian tube
• finger-like projections
– brings ova into fallopian tube
Fallopian Tube (Oviduct)
• site of fertilization
– upper third
– can occur on either side
• moves ovum to uterus
Uterus
• consists of main body and two horns
• fetal development occurs in either
horn
Uterus
• Functions
1 Pathway for sperm
• contractile actions move sperm
2 Sustains embryo through secretions
3 Attachment point for growing embryo
4 Expulsion of fetus and membranes
• placenta
• once expelled = afterbirth
Uterus
• Supported by broad ligament
– supplies blood and nerves to uterus
• Caruncles
– small projections in mucus layer
– rich in blood
– serve as attachment points for placenta
• cotyledons
Cervix
• Separates uterine cavity from vaginal cavity
• Functions
1 Seals uterus
• protect from bacterial and other foreign
invasions
2 Passageway for sperm
3 When pregnant, a plug forms
protecting the fetus
Vagina
· Copulatory organ of the female
· Site of semen deposition
Vulva
· External reproductive organ
· Used as an aid in heat detection