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Carbohydrate Digestion What happens when you take in sugar metabolically? Carbohydrate Digestion • When a person eats food containing starch, enzymes(scissors in the body), cut the long chains to shorter chains ↓ The short chains to dissaccharides and finally the disaccharides to monosaccharides IT’S IMPORTANT TO NOTE THAT THIS PROCESS BEGINS IN THE MOUTH! The small intestine… • The small intestine performs most of the work of carb digestion. ↓ A major carb-digestion, pancreatic amylase, enters the intestine and breaks down the polysaccharides to shorter glucose chains and dissaccharides ↓ The final step takes place on the outer membranes of the intestinal cells. Model of small intestine! The Enzymes! • ANYTHING THAT ENDS IN ‘ASE’ IS AN ENZYME! 1. Maltase breaks maltose into two glucose molecules. 2. Sucrase breaks sucrose into one glucose and one fructose molecule. 3. Lactase breaks lactose into one glucose and one galactose molecule What happens after you eat? • Within one to four hours after a meal, all the sugars and most of the starches have been digested. • Only the fibres remain in the digestive tract. • Fibre in the large intestine attracts water, which softens stools for passage without straining. Carbohydrate Absorption Takes place in the small intestine (for the most part). Glucose is absorbed here to provide energy for the cells work. Fibre is most important in the diet because it tends to slow absorption of glucose so that we don’t get large peaks in our blood sugars.
