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Cell Division Mitosis Cell Division • Produce offspring (asexually) • Repair and growth Cell Cycle Ch. 9 Chromosomes • Piece of DNA • Wrapped around accessory proteins Mitosis IPMAT http://bilingualbiology11a.blogspot.com/2010/12/cell-cycle-mitosis-and-meiosis.html Prophase • Chromatin coils into chromosomes • Mitotic spindle begins to form • Late in prophase, nuclear membrane dissolves, spindle microtubules grab chromosomes Metaphase • Mitotic spindle fully formed • Chromosomes lined up along cell’s “equator” Anaphase • Sister chromatids separate • Microtubules holding chromatids shorten, pulling them to ends of cell • Microtubules not holding chromatids lengthen, elongating the cell Telophase • • • • Opposite of prophase Nuclear envelopes reform Chromosomes uncoil Mitotic spindle dissolves • Cytokinesis generally happens with telophase Cytokinesis • Separating everything else Mitosis Am I a Plant or Animal? Cell Cycle regulation • Growth factors • CDK & cyclins • Density-dependent inhibition • Anchorage dependence Cancer • Transformation • Tumor: benign or malignant • Metastasis Concept Check 1. Describe a significant event that occurs in each of the four stages of mitosis. 2. Compare and contrast cytokinesis in animal and plant cells. 3. In what sense may prophase and telophase in mitosis be characterized as opposites? 4. Identify 3 factors that regulate cell division and explain how a dysfunction/mutation in each leads to cancer.
