Download Bone Anatomy - Lakeland Regional High School

April 26, 2017

Objective:
 To
describe various skin diseases
 To differentiate between types of bones
 To understand long bone structure

Journal: What are the names of three bones in the
human body?
SKELETAL SYSTEM
Types of Bones




Long Bones
Short Bones
Flat Bones
Irregular Bones
Long Bones


Longer than they are wide
Found in your arms and legs
Short Bones


Fairly equal in width and length
Found in your wrists and ankles
Flat Bones


Thinner bones that can be either flat or curved, but
plate-like
Examples: Skull, ribs, breastbone
Bone Anatomy
Periosteum



Tough, fibrous connective tissue that covers the bone
Contains blood vessels, lymph vessels, and nerves
Acts as an anchor point for tendons and ligaments
Regions of the Bones


Diaphysis - The
middle of the bones
between the two ends
Epiphysis - the ends of
the bones
Medullary Cavity

Hollow region within
the diaphysis (middle
of the bone)
 Storage
area for
bone marrow
Bone Marrow

Yellow Marrow: high in fat
content
 Can
be converted into red
bone marrow in emergencies
when massive amounts of
blood are lost

Red Marrow: produces red
blood cells
Bone Tissues


Compact bone tissue
Spongy bone tissue
Compact Bone Tissue


Dense, hard tissue
Composes the stem of long bones and the outer
layer of other bones
Compact Bone Tissue Parts

Osteons (Haversian Systems) - have
mature bone cells (osteocytes) that
form concentric circles around blood
vessels


Run parallel to each other so enough
oxygen and nutrients can get to the
bone cells
Protein fibers, calcium and other
minerals fill the area around the
osteocytes
Spongy Bone Tissue

Made up of trabeculae
 An
irregular arrangement holes between tissues give it
a spongy look
Spongy Bone Tissue Parts

Endosteum: connective tissue similar to periosteum
lines the spongy tissue
 Helps
make bones weigh less
 Provides space for red bone marrow
April 28, 2017

Objective:
 To
describe and observe the various surface structures
of bones

Journal: What is the difference between compact
and spongy bone?
Bone Surface Structures
Head

An articulating end of a bone that is rounded
and enlarged and on top of a neck
Condyle
A large, rounded knob usually articulating with another
bone, does not have a neck
Epicondyle

An enlargement near
or superior to a
condyle
Facet

A small,
flattened area
that helps
connect to
another bone
Crest

A narrow ridge
Process

A prominent
projection
Spine

A sharp projection
Trochanter

A larger version of a knoblike projection only in the
femur
Tubercle

A knoblike projection
Foramen

A passageway through a bone for blood vessels,
nerves, and ligaments; a hole
Fossa

Either a groove or a shallow depression
Meatus

A tube or tunnellike passageway through a bone
Sinus

A hollow area