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11.4 Troubles with France
and Britain
pp. 368-371
Objectives:
1. Discuss challenges to the neutrality of
the United States.
2. Describe how President Jefferson
avoided war.
Review:
1. What is the name of the famous house that Thomas Jefferson
designed for himself?
2. What did Jefferson refer to his election as and why?
3. In his Inaugural Address, Jefferson said “We are all
_________________, we are all ______________.”
4. Define laissez-faire—
5. Who was Jefferson’s Secretary of Treasury?
6. What were John Adams’s last-minute judicial appointments known
as?
7. In which case did the Supreme Court claim for the first time that a
law passed by Congress was unconstitutional?
8. Define judicial review—
9. Define precedent—
Review:
10. Identify the Louisiana Territory—
11. Define cede—
12. To which European nation did Spain cede the Louisiana Territory in
1800?
13. Who was the French dictator during the early 1800s?
14. What city were American diplomats authorized to buy for $2-10
million?
15. Who led a successful slave rebellion in Saint Domingue?
16. What did the rebels rename Saint Domingue?
17. For what two reasons did Napoleon decide to sell the entire
Louisiana Territory to the U.S.?
18. For how much money did the U.S. purchase the Louisiana
Territory?
19. How did the Louisiana Purchase affect the size of the United
States?
20. Jefferson justified the Louisiana Purchase through his
constitutional power to make _____________.
Review:
21. Who did Jefferson send to explore the Louisiana
Purchase?
22. From what city did the expedition set out in the spring
of 1804?
23. What Shoshone Indian woman acted as a guide and
interpreter for the Lewis and Clark expedition?
24. How many miles did the Lewis and Clark expedition
travel?
25. Who explored both the upper Mississippi River and
Colorado region?
26. Who killed Alexander Hamilton in a pistol duel?
A. Piracy in the Mediterranean (p. 368)
1.
2.
3.
For years pirates
from the Barbary
Coast States of
North Africa had
harassed ships in the
Mediterranean.
They captured crews
and cargoes,
demanding tribute,
or payment, for
protection.
Between 1789 and
1801, the U.S. paid
several million
dollars in such
tributes.
B. War With Tripoli (pp. 368-369)
1.
2.
3.
When Jefferson refused to pay a
much higher tribute in 1801,
Tripoli declared war on the
United States.
Jefferson responded by ordering
the navy to blockade, or close
off, the port of Tripoli.
When one U.S. ship, the
Philadelphia, ran aground, a
daring young officer, Stephen
Decatur, led a raiding party to
burn the ship rather than allow it
to remain in enemy hands.
C. Challenge to Neutrality (pp. 369-370)
1.
2.
3.
Although Jefferson declared
neutrality in Napoleon’s war with
Britain, both Britain and France
announced that they would stop
American ships headed for the
other side’s ports.
Hundreds of American trade
ships were seized between 1805
and 1807.
The British also continued the
policy of impressment—the
practice of taking American
sailors and forcing them to serve
on British ships.
D. The Chesapeake-Leopard Affair (p. 370)
1.
2.
3.
In June 1807, the American warship Chesapeake was ordered to
stop by British sailors on the Leopard.
When the commander of the Chesapeake refused, the Leopard’s
guns opened fire, killing and wounding several American sailors.
Although Americans in both parties were outraged and demanded
war, Jefferson looked for other ways to stop the interference with
America’s trade and end the insults to American pride.
E. The Embargo Act (pp. 370-371)
1.
2.
3.
Jefferson’s decision was to
place an embargo, an
official government ban, on
trade with both Great
Britain and France.
Congress passed the
Embargo Act in 1807,
prohibiting all American
ships from leaving the U.S.
for foreign ports.
The Embargo Act hurt the
U.S. far more than it hurt
either Britain or France.
F. James Madison (p. 371)
1.
2.
3.
4.
The Embargo Act had diminished
Jefferson in the eyes of the
nation.
In 1808 James Madison was
elected as our 4th President.
Although he continued many of
Jefferson’s attempts at “peaceable
coercion,” it was clear that the
nation’s non-military methods
were not working.
Many began to push for war with
Britain
Review:
27. Pirates from the Barbary Coast attacked American shipping for
several years during the early republic. Where is the Barbary
Coast?
28. Define blockade—
29. Who led a raid to burn the stranded American ship Philadelphia
in order to keep it from falling into enemy hands?
30. Define impressment—
31. The British attack on what American ship in 1807 led to a
widespread demand for war?
32. Define embargo—
33. Identify the Embargo Act—
34. Which nation suffered the most from the Embargo Act?
35. Who won the Election of 1808 to become our fourth President?