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Great challenges – great innovations Sustainable cities-smarter cities Gabor Takacs New York 30 April, 2017 Topics 1. Introduction 2. Problems? What problems 3. Cities -sustainability context 4. Sustainable cities –technology context 5. Examples of great actions 6. General challenges 30 April, 2017 www.nih.gov.hu 2 Problems? What problems? 30 April, 2017 www.nih.gov.hu 3 Problems? What problems? 30 April, 2017 www.nih.gov.hu 4 Sustainablity – definition? "A development that satisfies the needs of the present without compromising the needs of the future" (World Commission on Environment and Development (1987) Sustainability: an idea too complex. Economic, social,ecological….sustainabilty. Practically it’s good enough resource management. For practical reasons we usually talk about “good-enough” sustainability any/some/all of these subsystems that last long enough and “here enough”. One “break down” of this complex issue is the concept of sustainable CITIES. 30 April, 2017 www.nih.gov.hu 5 Cities in sustainability context Cities in the context of sustainability: efficiency centers , results of optimization, dependent on outsourcing. Platforms: concentrated activities and dependent on outsourcing in order to increase overall system efficiency. The challenge is three-fold: 1) survive and function long enough 2) solve the problems within borders: generated by concentration 3) solve associated problems generated beyond the borders (reduce ecological footprint. Input: energy, food, water, environmental amenities, output: pollution) 30 April, 2017 www.nih.gov.hu 6 Sustainable cities-technology context Role of technology: Now we a) have data, b) have technology – to implement near-perfect resources management. Building new and/or reorganizing the old: Building new: leapfrogging technologies Fixing old: visionary bridging between current (past) locked in technologies and infrastructure to the future-near perfect demand-supply and resource management Conclusion: Sustainable IS smarter….smarter IS sustainable 30 April, 2017 www.nih.gov.hu 7 What makes a smart city? 30 April, 2017 www.nih.gov.hu 8 Examples: being realistic Understanding risks/opportunity: 110 city survey, 88: risk from temperature increase, 81 risk intense rainfall, etc. 81 % - sees climate change as social risk See the opportunity: 98 % sees climate change as economic opportunity Resilience: NYC climate change resilience program – subway water resilience Globally 110 cities survey: resilience plan 63 % ( 2011), 78 % (2013) 30 April, 2017 www.nih.gov.hu 9 Examples –ambitions and visions Setting targets (GHG emission): beyond national targets • Washington DC 80 % (2005-2050) • Portland 80 % (1990-2050) • Philadelphia 25 % (1990-2015) • St. Louis 25 % (2005-2020) • San Francisco 25 % (1990-2017) • New York 30 % (2005-2030) • Los Angeles 35 % (1990-2030) 30 April, 2017 www.nih.gov.hu 10 Examples: transportation • Boston application: to find on-street parking in the Innovation District • Bicycle friendly surface (Portland, NY, SF), Citi bike system (NY, Washington DC, Boston) – and data collection • Streetcars re-introduction – part of development plans • Carpool -lanes 30 April, 2017 www.nih.gov.hu 11 Example: waste-smart • NY 75% waste divert from landfill – recycling, compost collection • NY licensed waste hauls data used for sanitation inspections:95 % success rate • LA Blue Bin School Recycling 10 school in 2015, 684 in 2014, 2 billion USD saving • San Francisco: recycling compost and landfill • California (2014) total ban of plastic bags 30 April, 2017 www.nih.gov.hu 12 Examples: energy • SF, Seattle real time data and advice on energy use to consumers • NY solar roof maps • SF over 100 electric charging stations • Seattle City light – city’s own smart metering system, Partnering with Microsoft : High-Performance Building Program. • Demand –response: financial incentive for participating in peak demand decrease. 30 April, 2017 www.nih.gov.hu 13 Examples: embrace technology Build on tech community: •NYC, SF made all public data (big data) accessible for business purposes •Bring in the solutions from the world BigApp and WorldtoNYC. Competition (NYC) Enabling interaction - concentration-innovation clusters: •Boston – Kendell Square, NY – Brooklyn High Tech Triangle, Applied Sciences Campus Full measure-real time data: •NYC Hudson Yard •San Jose – Green Vision goals 30 April, 2017 www.nih.gov.hu 14 Examples: embrace technology Open government: •Cisco: interactive platform/touchscreens (NYC, Boston, etc) New York, SF open public big data Government - combine data: •NY:Waste and building inspection based on combined data Citizen engagement: •Boston: application used by citizens reporting road concerns •Alamenda/Calif: Budget Challenge Public-smart City wifi networks: NYC and SF (Market Street 3 miles of free wifi) – public payphones turned into WIFI hotspots. 30 April, 2017 www.nih.gov.hu 15 Examples: etc Taxation: Seattle – taxbreak for business/citizens investing into environmentally friendly Consumer behavior change: Water waste: Portland – smart metering and feedback system Energy efficiency data, feedback and information (Seattle, NYC) Create community/green space: make pedestrian friendly, park NY within 10 min (NY) Public-private partnership: IBM, Alcatel-Lucent, Accenture, ABB, Cisco, Cubic, Honeywell, Intel, Siemens and Oracle, Microsoft 30 April, 2017 www.nih.gov.hu 16 Challange: we’re not quite there yet. • • • • • • • • Scaling up, spread and adapt solutions Go beyond borders Open database – government approach? Even if smart solutions help in management: basic infrastructure remain the same Data privacy and information security Accountability: where is the boarder- internalization Is sustainable livable?: be smarter to become greater How to measure? • Should majors rule the world???? 30 April, 2017 www.nih.gov.hu 17 Thank you for your attention! [email protected] 30 April, 2017 www.nih.gov.hu 18