Download What Unites Kingdom Protista?

Kingdom Protista
What Unites Kingdom Protista?
All protists share the following
characteristics:
They are eukaryotic and have
membrane-bound organelles.
What Unites Kingdom Protista?
Protists are very diverse –
they differ in size, shape and
movement (locomotion).
Methods of Locomotion
Pseudopods,
which are
extensions of the
cytoplasm are
used by some
protists like
amoebas.
Amoebas in Action
Methods of Locomotion
Flagella, which
are whip-like
structures, are
used by some
protists like
Euglena.
Methods of Locomotion
Other protists,
like paramecia,
use cilia, which
are tightly packed
rows of hair-like
structures.
What Unites Kingdom
Protista?
Protists live in moist
environments.
What Unites Kingdom Protista?
Most are unicellular, but
some are multicellular.
What Unites Kingdom Protista?
Many reproduce asexually, but
some can reproduce sexually.
Sexual = conjugation
Asexual = binary fission
What Unites Kingdom Protista?
Many protists have mechanisms
with which they monitor their
environments.
Some protists have an eyespot
which they use to sense light.
Chlamydomonas
Animal-like Protists: Protozoans
They are heterotrophic.
Protozoans include 4 different phyla:
Flagellates
Ciliates
Sporozoans
Amoebas
FLAGELLATES
These protists
swim using
flagella
CILIATES
Move using cilia
When in fresh
water, excess water
moves into the
paramecium
They use
contractile
vacuoles to expel
the excess water.
SPOROZOANS
These protists do not move on
their own
Parasitic
An electron micrograph of
Plasmodium falciparum,
one of the parasites that
causes malaria.
AMOEBAS
Move using
pseudopods (a
false foot)
Pseudopods are an
extension of the
cytoplasm that
stretches out,
anchors itself and
assists the amoeba
in moving.
Plant-like Protists: Algae
Algae are autotrophic and can
carry out photosynthesis.
Plant-like protists include:
Euglenoids
Diatoms
Dinoflagellates
Algae
EUGLENOIDS
Euglenoids are
protists that
move using
flagella.
DIATOMS
Diatoms are protists
with glass-like shells
made of silica.
Many diatoms are
used commercially
in abrasive cleaners,
silver polishes and in
the paint used on
roadways.
DINOFLAGELLATES
Dinoflagellates are
protists that have
two flagella
Several of these
protists produce
toxins which can be
poisonous
Commonly cause
red tides
RED TIDES
ALGAE
Algae are marine
protists that can
be red, brown
or green.
Many are eaten
as food by
marine life.
ALGAE
Algae are useful
commercially as
well.
Agar (recall from
the bacteria lab) and
carageenan, an
ingredient in ice
cream are common
uses of algae.
ALGAE
Other types of
algae are sea
lettuce, sea
grapes, kelp and
seaweed, which
is a common food
product in China.
Fungus-like Protists: Molds
Fungus-like protists are decomposers.
These include:
Plasmodial slime molds
Cellular slime molds
Water molds
PLASMODIAL SLIME MOLD
Slime molds are
protists that
consist of a
slimy mass of
cytoplasm
CELLULAR SLIME MOLDS
These protists
are masses
made up of
individual
cells.
WATER MOLDS
Water molds
are fuzzy, white
growths that
feed on
decaying
matter.
Diseases Caused by Protists
Many protists are parasitic and can
cause diseases in humans & other
organisms such as:
Malaria
Amoebic dysentary
Toxoplasmosis
Sleeping sickness
MALARIA
SYMPTOMS: Fever,
chills, confusion
PROTIST:
Plasmodium
MODE OF
TRANSMISSION:
Mosquito bite
AMOEBIC DYSENTARY
SYMPTOMS: Bloody
diarrhea
PROTIST:
Entamoeba
histolytica
MODE OF
TRANSMISSION:
Contaminated food
and water
TOXOPLASMOSIS
SYMPTOMS: Brain
damage & death to
fetus
PROTIST:
Toxoplasma gondii
MODE OF
TRANSMISSION:
Contact with
infected cats
SLEEPING SICKNESS
SYMPTOMS: Fever,
weakness
PROTIST:
Trypanosoma
MODE OF
TRANSMISSION:
Bite from an insect
Figure 1. Sarcodine diversity.
(
A) Amoeba, (B)
Radiolarian, and (C)
Foraminifera
Figure 2. Ciliate diversity. (
A) Structure of
Paramecium and
(B) Vorticella
Figure 3. Diversity within the euglenoids and green algae.
(A) Euglena,
(B) Chlamydomonas, and (C)
Volvox.
THE END
Study for Quiz next class