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Wars between wealthy Italian city-states Condottieri: mercenary generals Duke of Urbino: lost his right eye and bridge of his nose Chp. 1 Renaissance and Reformation (1350-1700) Chp. 2 Exploration and Expansion (1400-1700) Chp. 3 New Asian Empires (1300-1700) Themes: Arts and Ideas: A revival of learning led to new ways of seeing the world, which in turn influenced artists. Belief Systems: The Protestant Reformation was a response to perceived excesses in the Catholic Church and in turn led to the Counter-Reformation. Migration and Diffusion: European exploration expanded European knowledge of the world and led to the exchange of plants and animals between Europe and Asia and the Americas. Section 1: Renaissance: rebirth of arts and learning Section 2: Renaissance ideas spread to northern Europe Section 3: Criticism of Roman Catholic Church brings about Protestant Reformation Section 4: Catholics work to reform within the Church Changes in Europe bring about a new period Trade with the East increased Rediscovered classical knowledge of ancient Greece/Rome Period of creativity/learning: the Renaissance New focus on the individual struggle in Christianity known as the Reformation Many changes in society P.39-40 Causes of Changes Agricultural Demand Specialization Results Urban areas also started to specialize, especially in Italy South: various kingdoms and papal states North: large citystates ▪ Venice, Milan, Florence Centers of commerce Heads of society Roman Catholic Church Nobles Merchants-bankers, traders Artisans-crafts, goldsmithing Venice Location Economy Milan Florence History and Geography: Trade Fuels City Growth Worksheet Work on individually Classwork grade (10 points) Pretend to be a journalist living in Florence in 1350. Write a two-paragraph newspaper editorial about how society has changed after the Black Death. Due in two class sessions Worth 15 points Section 1 Interactive Reader and Study Guide (Renaissance Art) Due next class session 10 points Q/A: -Which groups came to dominate Italian citystates in the 1300s and 1400s? -How did the Black Death influence the economic system of Europe? Discussion: How did society and cities change in the 1300s?