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The Rise and Fall of Imperialism in French-Indochina
By Erich
Zack
Kaitlyn
Geography of Indochina
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The region known as
Indochina was made up of the
countries Vietnam, Cambodia,
and Laos.
Fansipan mountain is the only
major mountain
Indochina has several small
rivers with a large system in
Cambodia that flows through
southern Vietnam
Reasons for Imperialism
(general)
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The French felt that
they had to be
superior to the UK in
all respects
- the French believed
that their culture was
superior so they
wanted to spread it all
over, especially in the
east.
Reasons for imperialism
(direct)
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The French wanted to
protect religious missions in
the Indochina area
They wanted to find a
southern route through china
for more trade options
They felt that
Catholicism was in danger of
extinction in the far east so
they wanted to protect it.
Indochina was full of tin,
pepper, coal, cotton, and rice.
The French were never very
successful in the trade of these
items
How the French Gained Power
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-The French and British joined up to fight
china in the second opium war with china.
Vietnamese involvement with china led to
France occupying part of southern Vietnam
-France was given three provinces in southern
Vietnam. Later named Cochin china.
- French power spread through exploration
-France asserted its dominance in the region
by defeating china in the war of 1883
-France governed Cochin china (southern
Vietnam) directly but also “protected” the
regions of Northern Vietnam, Cambodia, and
Laos.
- At the peak of its control by France,
Indochina was 50% larger than the mother
country.
How much power did France
have?
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The French gave the province of French
Indochina the political structure of a
Colonial Protectorate Federation which
gave them the autonomy of their own,
and which meant they were protected
from other countries by the French.
Most of the government’s officials in
French Indochina were really just
figureheads, meaning that they didn't
actually make decisions, they answered to
the French.
The French regulated all flow of goods in
and out of country and had the golden
triangle monopoly on opium which greatly
increased France’s economy.
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Effects of imperialism on the
native
people
During the French
domination of the separate
countries in French
Indochina, there were
several rebellions. The Kha
Rebellion in 1901 took six
years to put down and was
later followed by the Tai
rebellion in the Sam Neua
province.
·
The French occupation
of territories like Vietnam
infuriated the general
populace and raised levels
of nationalism.
·
Effects of imperialism on the native
people
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During the French control of
Vietnam, only 1 percent of the
general were granted French
citizenship, but even they
didn’t have all the same rights
as the French.
·
Because of the French’s
technology, the idea of
Confucianism was left behind
because many tenants were
proved wrong by modern
science.
·
A general loss of identity
because the French got rid of
many things like the monarchy
which gave the countries a
source of pride.
How imperialism was removed
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The communist takeover of
China in 1949 revived the
fortunes of the Vietnamese
Chinese military advisors began
assisting the Vietminh in July
1950
By 1954, the U.S. had supplied
300,000 small arms and spent
US$1 billion in support of the
French military effort and was
paying 80 percent of the cost of
the war
How imperialism was removed
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The battle of Dien Bien Phu
marked the end of French
involvement in Indochina
After the French declined the
American offer of nuclear
weapons, they were forced to
surrender to the Vietnamese.
At the Geneva Conference the
French negotiated a ceasefire
agreement with the
Vietnamese. Independence was
granted to cambodia, Laos, and
Vietnam.
Current status of Indochina
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-Communist stategovernment
-Ind. Day- 2 September 1945
(from France)
Natural hazards occasional
typhoons (May to January)
with extensive flooding,
especially in the Mekong River
delta
-Vietnam is the 13th most
populous country in the world
with a population of 86
million.
They have a poor quality of life
for the most part
The government maintains a
tight grip on the improving
economy.