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Professional Academic Writing in a Global Context: Principal research questions • How is the dominance of English affecting scholars who use languages other than English and live/work in nonEnglish dominant contexts? • In what ways is English as an “academic lingua franca” influencing academic knowledge production and exchange in the twenty first century? • Which texts are successful or unsuccessful in being accepted for publication, and why? • How can a range of methodologies- text, ethnographic, corpus- be combined to explore academic writing in a global context? Project 2 focuses on specific findings from Project 1 Considerable pressure to publish in English. Represents a form of capital crucial to receiving raises and promotions, attracting research grants, supporting students. “International” publishing often means English-medium. Publishing in L1 or other languages for local, regional, international, applied and research communities. Some scholars are explicitly making an ‘applied’/’theoretical’ distinction in their writings: Applied → L1 national. Theoretical→English international Scholars writing English medium texts for/in different contexts of production and distribution. 1) English medium national; 2) English medium transnational; 3) English medium ‘international’. PHASE 1 “Literacy brokers” play an important part in English medium text production. 1) Academic disciplinary specialists, journal gatekeepers. 2) Language specialists. 3) English speaking friends/family Working in networks and with brokers is as significant/more important to successful English medium (international) publications than individual linguistic/rhetorical “competence” in English. Literacy brokers influence texts in different and significant ways including the knowledge claims being made. Project 2..focuses on specific finding from Project 1 Considerable pressure to publish in English. Represents a form of capital crucial to receiving raises and promotions, attracting research grants, supporting students. “International” publishing often means English-medium. Publishing in L1 or other languages for local, regional, international, applied and research communities. Some scholars are explicitly making an ‘applied’/’theoretical’ distinction in their writings: Applied → L1 national. Theoretical→English international PHASE 1 “Literacy brokers” play an important part in English medium text production. 1) Academic disciplinary specialists, journal gatekeepers. 2) Language specialists. 3) English speaking friends/family Working in networks and with brokers is as significant/more important to successful English medium (international) publications than individual linguistic/rhetorical “competence” in English. Scholars writing English medium texts for/in different contexts of production and distribution. 1) English medium national; 2) English medium ‘international’. Literacy brokers influence texts in different and significant ways including the knowledge claims being made. Project 2 - adds another methodology Considerable pressure to publish in English. Represents a form of capital crucial to receiving raises and promotions, attracting research grants, supporting students. “International” publishing often means English-medium. Publishing in L1 or other languages for local, regional, international, applied and research communities. Some scholars are explicitly making an ‘applied’/’theoretical’ distinction in their writings: Applied → L1 national. Theoretical→English international PHASE 1 “Literacy brokers” play an important part in English medium text production. 1) Academic disciplinary specialists, journal gatekeepers. 2) Language specialists. 3) English speaking friends/family Working in networks and with brokers is as significant/more important to successful English medium (international) publications than individual linguistic/rhetorical “competence” in English. Scholars writing English medium texts for/in different contexts of production and distribution. 1) English medium national; 2) English medium ‘international’. Literacy brokers influence texts in different and significant ways including the knowledge claims being made. Project 2 Building corpus of published English medium psychology articles Project 2: Principal research questions • How is the dominance of English influencing knowledge production and circulation in psychology? • What are the similarities and differences in the English medium academic journal articles produced by non-Anglophone psychology scholars in Hungary, Slovakia, Spain and Portugal for two distinct contexts of publication: English medium national [EMN] and [EMI]? (content, knowledge claims and linguisticrhetorical features). • What are the similarities and differences in English medium academic journal articles written by scholars in Anglophone and non-Anglophone contexts? • How do specific practices surrounding text production impact on trajectories towards publication in different contexts of publication? Project 2: Methodology 3 Subcorpora Number of Journal Articles English Medium National journal articles by authors affiliated to non-Anglophone institutions (Slovakia, Hungary, Spain and Portugal) 80 English Medium International journal articles by authors affiliated to non-Anglophone institutions (Slovakia, Hungary, Spain and Portugal) 80 English Medium journal articles by authors affiliated to Anglophone centre contexts (UK, US) 80 Preliminary findings from Project 2corpus analysis English is the dominant language of bibliographical references in texts written by Anglophone context authors English is the dominant language of bibliographical references in texts written by non Anglophone context authors writing both for national and international contexts of publication Context of publication influences the extent to which non Anglophone authors cite research in local languages (Hungarian, Slovak, Spanish and Portuguese) and in languages other than English Project 2 Proportion of long sentences varies with contexts of publication. Analysis of EMN and Anglo non-experimental corpora indicate sentences are in longer in articles from Portugal and Spain and shorter in Hungary Preliminary investigations shows that Psychology as a discipline seems to vary according to the context of publication Preliminary findings from Project 2corpus analysis English is the dominant language of bibliographical references in texts written and non Anglophone context authors writing both for national and international contexts of publication English is the English is the dominant dominant language language of bibliographical of inbibliographical references texts written by Anglophone context references in texts written authors by Anglophone context authors Context of publication influences the extent to which non Anglophone authors cite research in local languages (Hungarian, Slovak, Spanish and Portuguese) and in languages other than English PHASE 2 Proportion of long sentences varies with contexts of publication. Analysis of EMN and Anglo non-experimental corpora indicate sentences are in longer in articles from Portugal and Spain and shorter in Hungary Preliminary investigations shows that Psychology as a discipline seems to vary according to the context of publication Preliminary findings from Project 2citation analysis English is the dominant English is the dominant language of bibliographical references in texts written by Anglophone context authors language of bibliographical references inistexts written by English the dominant language of bibliographical nonreferences Anglophone context in texts written and nonwriting Anglophone context authors both forauthors national writing both for national and and international contexts of international contexts of publication publication Context of publication influences the extent to which non Anglophone authors cite research in local languages (Hungarian, Slovak, Spanish and Portuguese) and in languages other than English PHASE 2 Work in progress!! Preliminary investigations shows that Psychology as a discipline seems to vary according to the context of publication Preliminary findings from Project 2corpus analysis English is the dominant language of bibliographical references in texts written by Anglophone context authors English is the dominant language of bibliographical references in texts written and of publication non Anglophone context authors Context Context of publication writing both for national and influences the extent to which influences the extent to international contexts of which non Anglophone authors non Anglophone authors cite publication cite research in their own PHASE 2 Work in progress!! researchlanguage in local languages (Hungarian, Slovak, Spanish and Portuguese) and (Hungarian, Slovak, Spanish in languages other than and Portuguese) and in English languages other than English Preliminary investigations shows that Psychology as a discipline seems to vary according to the context of publication Preliminary findings from Project 2corpus analysis English is the dominant language of bibliographical references in texts written by Anglophone context authors English is the dominant language of bibliographical references in texts written and non Anglophone context authors writing both for national and international contexts of publication PHASE 2 Proportion of long sentences varies with contexts of publication. Analysis of EMN and Anglo non-experimental corpora indicate sentences are in longer in articles from Portugal and Spain and shorter in Hungary Context of publication influences the extent to which non Anglophone authors cite research in local languages (Hungarian, Slovak, Spanish and Portuguese) and in languages other than English What counts as “Psychology “as a discipline varies across national international Preliminaryand investigations shows that Psychology as a contexts of publication discipline seems to vary according to the context of publication Preliminary findings from Project 2corpus analysis English is the dominant language of bibliographical references in texts written by Anglophone context authors English is the dominant language of bibliographical references in texts written and non Anglophone context authors writing both for national and international contexts of publication PHASE 2 Different syntactic patterns across EMN and EMI articles. Proportion of long sentences Work invaries progress!! of with contexts publication. Context of publication influences the extent to which non Anglophone authors cite research in local languages (Hungarian, Slovak, Spanish and Portuguese) and in languages other than English Preliminary investigations shows that Psychology as a discipline seems to vary according to the context of publication