Download Standard 3 with 20 questions - Administration

Standard 3
The student will explain the
primary causes of the American
Revolution.
What is happening here?
Who seem to be the aggressors?
What really happened?
• October 1, 1768: British regulars arrived in
Boston, MA to maintain order and enforce
the taxes the colonists were asked to pay
after the French and Indian War.
• The people of Boston resented the British
soldiers and considered them a foreign
presence. They taunted them and
prevented them from carrying out their
duties.
What happened next?
• March 5, 1770: The Twenty-Ninth Regiment
came to the relief of the soldiers on duty at the
Customs House. They were met by an unruly
gang of civilians, many of them drunk after
having left a local tavern.
• It was dark, and the crowd threw snowballs, ice
balls, horse manure, and anything else lying on
the street at the soldiers. The crowd also taunted
the soldiers by yelling and calling them names.
What happened next?
• Captain Preston could not control the crowd as
they taunted the soldiers. He ordered his troops
"Don’t fire!" but with the commotion the troops
fired and killed three men instantly; another two
died later. The first man to die was Crispus
Attucks, a black man (This is debated in
History).
• The funerals of the dead were great patriotic
demonstrations.
• The event and the propaganda surrounding it
helped lead to the Revolutionary War.
Published two weeks after the
Revere Lithograph
The French and Indian War
• This pitted the French and Indians against
British regulars and colonists
• The goal was to control the Ohio River
Valley and Canada
• The Albany Plan of Union was proposed
by Benjamin Franklin as a way to congeal
colonial strength
• The war was won by the British and had
many significant outcomes
The Treaty of Paris (1763)
• Great Britain won the war.
• France handed over Canada and surrendered
all claims to land east of the Mississippi River.
The French and Indian War
Outcomes
• Colonists lose respect for the British regulars
• British question colonial loyalties
• British coffers run dry
Results
• British begin to tax the colonists
• Colonists begin to think they can defeat the
British army
• The British crown imposes the Proclamation of
1763
The Proclamation of 1763
• The King of England issued the
Proclamation to end the westward
expansion of British colonists.
• This happened because of armed conflict
with Native Americans in the area.
• Colonists continued to move west in
opposition to the Proclamation.
• The British’s inability to stop the colonist
further undermined their authority.
The Acts
• Sugar Act:
– Raise money and tighten the enforcement of the Navigation Act
• Quartering Act
– Colonists must house and feed British regulars
• Stamp Act
– Taxed everyday products and was the first direct tax
– All taxes previous were indirect on imports
• Stamp Act protest
– Formation of the Sons and Daughters of Liberty
– The Stamp Act Congress
– Boycotts
Sons and Daughters of Liberty
• The first large scale antiBritish movement in the
colonies.
• They organized a boycott
of all British imports to the
colonies.
• It was a representative
system because it had
representatives from
each colony.
The Boston Massacre
• A group of British
soldiers opened fire
on protestors in
Boston.
• Five colonists were
killed, including
Crispus Attucks.
• The Massacre lead to
the development of
Committees of
Correspondence.
Committees of Correspondence
• The Committees followed
the Sons of Liberty.
• The Committees had
representatives from each
colony to share information
about the coming
revolution and
revolutionary ideals.
• It followed Benjamin
Franklin’s ideas about the
colonies joining to resist
British oppression.
• WORD SPLASH
– Colonists
– French and Indian war
– Taxes
– Boston Massacre (bonus)
The Boston Tea Party
• The British government had given a tea monopoly to the
British East India Company
• The colonists were still boycotting and largely buying
smuggled tea (this was more expensive)
• The official British tea would be imported W/O the duty
and be much cheaper
• Colonists still avoided the cheap tea
• Buying the tea would recognize the British right to tax
• Colonists boarded a BEIC ship and dumped the tea into
Boston harbor, similar incidents occurred in Virginia as
well
• As a response to the BTP, Britain passed the Coercive
or “Intolerable” Acts designed to punish the colonists
• The boycotts allowed the colonists to see they could live
without British goods
The Intolerable Acts of 1774
• The Port of Boston was
closed and blockaded
until the colonists paid for
the tea
• The Administration of
Justice Act said Royal
officers were to be tried in
Britain
• Expanded Quartering Act
– Colonists had to house
British soldiers in their
homes.
Common Sense
• It was a 47-page
pamphlet written by
Thomas Paine.
• It convinced many
readers, even those
who favored a peaceful
resolution with Britain,
that a complete break
was the only
acceptable outcome.
The First Continental Congress
• It was a gathering in
Philadelphia of 56
delegates from all of the
colonies except Georgia.
• The Congress called for
the colonies to establish a
new boycott.
• It also called for the arming
of the colonists and the
forming of militias.
• The idea of “No Taxation
without Representation” is
promoted.
• Committees of Correspondence would
have been most devoted to which of the
following?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Raising tobacco
Enforcing the Stamp Act
Protecting the king’s reputation
Encouraging discontent among the colonists
• What did “no taxation without
representation” mean to the colonists?
A. The taxing power of British shopkeepers is
represented in Parliament.
B. There should be no taxation of British goods
entering the colonies.
C. Taxation in the colonies should only be fro British
citizens.
D. The colonists should not be taxed without
representation in Parliament.
• What followed the Boston Tea Party?
A. The free flow of trade between the colonies
and other countries.
B. Harsh restrictions on colonial liberties and
trade.
C. Increased self-government in New England.
D. The removal of British troops from the
colonies.
• Someone inspired by the writings of
Thomas Paine in 1776 would most likely
support which of the following statements?
A.
B.
C.
D.
“Long live King George!”
“The colonies must proclaim their independence!”
“Laws passed by Parliament must be respected.”
“Slavery is a moral outrage and must be abolished.”
• What effect did Thomas Paine’s Common
Sense have on the independence
movement?
A. It made people feel like the fight has been
lost.
B. It inspired Americans to fight the British.
C. It increased respect for the British
government.
D. It ended the American Revolution.
• Why is Thomas Paine given credit for
saving the independence movement?
A. He led the Continental Army to victory at the
Battle of Trenton.
B. His work, Common Sense, inspired colonists
to fight for independence.
C. He wrote the 1783 Treaty of Paris ending
the American Revolution.
D. He served as a delegate to the
Constitutional Convention.
• A colonists wanting to settle new land
taken from the French after 1763 would
have been most upset about which of the
following?
A.
B.
C.
D.
The Proclamation of 1763
The Stamp Act
The Boston Tea Party
The Intolerable Acts
Choose 1 of the following
• Metaphorical
Illustration of the
Road to
Revolution.
Letter from a
Colonist:
• Write a one page
letter as a loyalist
or a patriot to the
king of England.
Explain in detail
why you are for or
against the
Revolution.
Unit 1 Book Questions
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Pg. 30: 1-9
Pg. 62: 1-10
Pg. 92: 1-9
Pg. 130: 1-9
Pg. 160: 1-8
Pg. 222: 1-9
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