Download Introduction of ICT

Introduction to Information &
Communication Technology
(ICT)
Introduction to ICT BY; Benson
Omondi
WHAT IS ICT?
• ICT is the technology required for
information processing.
• In particular, the use of electronic devices
like computers, communication devices
and software application to convert, store,
protect, process, transmit and retrieve
information from anywhere and anytime.
Introduction to ICT BY; Benson
Omondi
INFORMATION
• Information refers to the knowledge obtained from
reading, investigation, study or research.
• We need information to make decision and to predict the
future.
• For example, scientist can detect the formation of a
tsunami using the latest technology and warn the public
to avoid disasters in the affected areas.
• The tools to transmit information are the telephone,
television and radio.
• Information is knowledge and helps us to fulfil our daily
tasks. For example, forecasting the stock exchange
market.
Introduction to ICT BY; Benson
Omondi
COMMUNICATION
• Communication is an act of transmitting messages. It is
a process whereby information is exchanged between
individuals using symbols, signs or verbal interaction.
• Previously, people communicate through sign or
symbols, performing drama and poetry. With the advent
of technology, these `older' forms of communicate are
less utilized as compared to the use of the Internet,
email or video conferencing.
• Communication is important in order to gain knowledge.
With knowledge, we are more confident in expressing
our thoughts and ideas.
Introduction to ICT BY; Benson
Omondi
TECHNOLOGY
• Aiding Communication. telephone and fax
machines are the devices used in
extending communication. Spreading
Information
• to broadcast information such as news or
weather reports effectively. Radio,
television, satellites and the World Wide
Web (WWW) are powerful tools that can
be used.
Introduction to ICT BY; Benson
Omondi
A History of Information
Technology and Systems
• Four basic periods
Characterized by a principal technology
used to solve the input, processing,
output and communication problems of
the time:
– Premechanical,
– Mechanical,
– Electromechanical, and
– Electronic
Introduction to ICT BY; Benson
Omondi
TIMELINE OF TECHNOLOGY
• 3500 BC, the Sumerians developed cuneiform writing
• 1500 BC, the Phoenicians developed the alphabet.
• 105 BC, Tsai Lun of China invented paper
• 1454, the first printing began with the creation of a printing machine.
• 1793, the telegraph line was invented.
• 1876, the first telephone was introduced.
• 1925, television was made known to public.
• 1941, the computer was created.
• 1958, the photocopier machine was introduced.
• 1963, the communication satellite was introduced
• 1969, the first internet known as ARPANET was introduced.
Introduction to ICT BY; Benson
Omondi