Download Vocabulary

Vocabulary
Unit 5
#2
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
Government of India Act
Great Leap Forward
Guomindang
Iron Curtain
Korean Conflict
kulaks
Marshall plan
May Fourth Movement
New Economic Policy
nonalignment
North Atlantic Treaty
Organization (NATO)
perestroika
Prague Spring
purges
Red Guard
Sandinistas
Six-Day War
Solidarity
19.Tiananmen Square
20. Truman Doctrine
21. Warsaw Pact
22. Al-Qaeda
23. cartels
24. International Monetary Fund
25. Persian Gulf War
26. World Bank
27. Euro
28. European Economic
Community
29. European Community
30. import substitution
industrialization
31. McDonaldization
32. North American Free Trade
Organization (NAFTA)
33.Organization of Petroleum
Exporting Countries (OPEC)
34.World Trade Organization
(WTO)
Iron Curtain
• Term coined by
Winston Churchill for
the political barrier
isolating Soviet
dominated Eastern
Europe from Western
Europe
Tiananmen Square
• Beijing site of a 1989
student protest in
favor of democracy;
the Chinese military
killed a large number
of protestors
New Economic Policy (NEP)
• Lenin’s policy that
allowed some private
ownership and limited
foreign investment to
revitalize the Soviet
economy
Guomindang (Kuomintang)
• China’s Nationalist
political party founded
by Sun Yat-sen in
1912 and based on
democratic principles;
in 1925, the party was
taken over by Jiang
Jieshi (Chiang Kaishek), who made it
into a more
authoritarian party
Kulaks
• Russian peasants
who became wealthy
under Lenin’s New
Economic Policy
Solidarity
• A Polish trade union
that began the
nation’s protest
against communist
rule
World Bank
• An agency of the
United Nations that
offers loans to
countries to promote
trade and economic
development
Perestroika
• A restructuring of the
Soviet economy to
allow some local
decision making
Red Guard
• A militia of young
Chinese people
organized to carry out
Mao Zedong’s
Cultural Revolution
Government of India Act
• Was the last preindependence
constitution of the British
Raj. It granted Indian
provinces autonomy.
Direct elections are
introduced for the first
time. The right to vote
was increased from
seven million to thirty-five
million.
Great Leap Forward
• The disastrous
economic policy
introduced by Mao
Zedong that proposed
the implementation of
small-scale industrial
projects
“Long Live the Great Leap Forward”
Korean Conflict
• Conflict between
Communist and nonCommunist forces in
Korea from June 25,
1950, to July 27,
1953.
Marshall Plan
• A U.S. plan to support
the recovery and
reconstruction of
Western Europe after
World War II
May Fourth Movement
• A 1919 protest in
China against the
Treaty of Versailles
and foreign influence
Nonalignment
• The policy of some
developing nations to
refrain from aligning
with either the United
States or the Soviet
Union during the Cold
War
North Atlantic Treaty Organization
(NATO)
• A defense alliance
between nations of
Western Europe and
North America formed
in 1949
Prague Spring
• A 1968 program of
reform to soften
socialism in
Czechoslovakia; it
resulted in the Soviet
invasion of
Czechoslovakia
Purges
• Joseph Stalin’s policy
of exiling or killing
millions of his
opponents in the
Soviet Union
Sandinistas
• A left-wing group that
overthrew the
dictatorship of
Nicaraguan Anastacio
Somoza in 1979
Six-Day War
• A brief war between
Israel and a number
of Arab states in
1967; during this
conflict Israel took
over Jerusalem, the
Golan Heights, the
Sinai Peninsula, and
the West Bank
Truman Doctrine
• A 1947 statement by
U.S. President
Truman that pledged
aid to any nation
resisting communism
Warsaw Pact
• The 1955 agreement
between the Soviet
Union and the
countries of eastern
Europe in response to
NATO
Al-Qaeda
• A terrorist group
based in Afghanistan
in the late twentieth
and early twenty-first
centuries
Cartels
• Unions of
independent
businesses in order to
regulate production,
prices, and the
marketing of goods
International Monetary Fund
• An international
organization founded
in 1944 to promote
market economies
and free trade
Persian Gulf War
• The 1991 war
between Iraq and a
U.S.
Euro
• The standard
currency introduced
and adopted by the
majority of members
of the European
Union in January
2002
European Economic Community
(EEC or Common Market)
• An economic organization
of European states set up
by the Treaties of ROME
in March 1957. Its
member states agreed to
coordinate their economic
policies, and to establish
common policies for
agriculture, transport, the
movement of capital and
labor, the erection of
common external tariffs,
and the ultimate
establishment of political
unification.
European Community
• An organization of Western
European countries, which
came into being in 1967
through the merger of the
European Economic
Community (Common Market
or EEC), European Atomic
Energy Community (Euratom),
and European Coal and Steel
Community (ECSC), and was
committed to economic and
political integration as
envisaged by the Treaties of
Rome. It was superseded in
1993 by the EUROPEAN
UNION.
Import Substitution Industrialization
• An economic system
that attempts to
strengthen a country’s
industrial power by
restricting foreign
imports
McDonaldization
• Term used by sociologist
George Ritzer in his book
The McDonaldization of
Society (1995). He
describes it as the
process by which a
society takes on the
characteristics of a fastfood restaurant
(efficiency, calculability,
predictability, & control)
• Extension of world trade
to the Soviet Union
North American Free Trade
Agreement (NAFTA)
• An organization that
prohibits tariffs and
other trade barriers
between Mexico, the
United States, and
Canada
Organization of Petroleum
Exporting Countries (OPEC)
• Organization formed
in 1960 by oilproducing countries to
regulate oil supplies
and prices
World Trade Organization (WTO)
• An international
organization begun in
1995 to promote and
organize world trade