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Chapter 11 Review Game 2017 Please study You need to score well on this test. COMPLETE STUDY GUIDE What caused the American fur trade to move westward in the early 1800s? a. Fur companies wiped out the beaver population in the East in their effort to meet European demand for the popular “high hat.” b. The American Fur Company sent mountain men to the West in its effort to beat its competitors from Europe and the East. c. Fur trappers called “mountain men” wanted to be the first to map western territory and asked the American Fur Company to sponsor their journey. d. American Indian trappers from the Pacific Northwest were acclaimed for their skill and eastern companies wanted to know their secrets. a. Fur companies wiped out the beaver population in the East in their effort to meet European demand for the popular “high hat.” 2 Astoria was a significant region in the Pacific Northwest at the beginning of the 1800s for all of the following reasons, EXCEPT which? a. It was a source of land disputes between Russia, France, and the U.S. b. It was the first major fur-trading post established by John Jacob Astor. c. It was a symbol of the drive to explore the American West. d. It was one of the earliest settlements in what would become Oregon Country. a. It was a source of land disputes between Russia, France, and the U.S. 3 All of these were challenges that pioneers regularly faced while on the Oregon Trail, EXCEPT a. shortages of food, supplies, and water b. mistreatment by American Indians c. barriers such as mountains d. the high cost of moving a family b. mistreatment by American Indians 4 Which was true about the Oregon Trail? a. It ran through the Appalachian Mountains. b. It required protection by U.S. government troops. c. It was a gravel paved road that made travel much easier than normal trails d. It took six months to travel. d. It took six months to travel. 5 How might a trader have described the Santa Fe Trail? a. “a long, hot, and dangerous road…but profitable” b. “wonderful scenery, but those Indians are troublesome” c. “the fastest way to get from St. Louis to Santa Fe” d. “just another muddy trade route” a. “a long, hot, and dangerous road…but profitable” 6 When they first moved from New York in the early 1830s, what did Mormons hope to find in the West? a. gold and other natural resources b. a site for their Great Temple c. a sense of religious freedom d. a set of silver tablets with religious teachings c. a sense of religious freedom 7 Which practice caused Mormons to be persecuted in the 1850s? a. the ritual slaughter of animals b. the circumcision of newborn males c. marriage to more than one wife d. morning prayer in public schools marriage to more than one wife 8 By December 1860, the Mormon population of Utah had reached about 40,000 people because of the efforts of which church leader? a. Brigham Young c. John Jacob Astor b. Joseph Smith d. John Sutter a. Brigham Young 9 What was the significance of Father Hidalgo y Costilla’s rebellion? a. It pushed American settlers back over Mexico’s northern border, but failed to achieve a ban on slavery. b. It failed to overthrow the Spanish monarch, but inspired the independence movement to grow. c. It showed that Christian beliefs could succeed in uniting large groups for political causes. d. It succeeded in stopping Spanish agents from giving American Indian and mestizo land to settlers. b. It failed to overthrow the Spanish monarch, but inspired the independence movement to grow. 10 Who was Stephen F. Austin? a. an empresario who started a colony on the lower Colorado River in 1822 b. the only American to witness the signing of the Mexican constitution in 1824 c. an American agent who enforced Mexico’s laws on new settlers until 1830 d. a southern settler who spurred Texans to defy the ban on slavery in 1831 a. an empresario who started a colony on the lower Colorado River in 1822 11 After 1824, all of the following created conflicts between the Mexican government and American settlers in Texas EXCEPT Mexico’s a. requirement of citizenship b. prohibition on importing slaves. c. strict enforcement of its laws. d. heavy taxation of settled lands. heavy taxation of settled lands. 12 “…I call on you in the name of Liberty, of patriotism, and everything dear to the American character, to come to our aid with all dispatch [speed]…VICTORY OR DEATH.” --from a letter written by William Travis Travis wrote those words during the build-up to which important battle of the Texas War for Independence? a. the Battle of Goliad c. the Battle of the Alamo b. the Battle of Gonzales d. the Battle of San Jacinto c. the Battle of the Alamo 13 Why was the Battle of the Alamo significant to the outcome of the Texas Revolution? a. Frontiersman Davy Crockett and Colonel Jim Bowie joined the Texan defenses. b. Prisoners who had surrendered at Goliad were released, adding to the Texan defenses. c. Even though the Texans were beaten, Sam Houston’s forces were inspired to win the Battle of San Jacinto. d. The Texans suffered heavy losses, but the survivors overcame Antonio López de Santa Anna’s army. c. Even though the Texans were beaten, Sam Houston’s forces were inspired to win the Battle of San Jacinto. 14 President Jackson refused to annex Texas because doing so would have a. upset the balance between free and slave states. b. encouraged wars of independence in other border areas. c. gone against the wishes of Congress. d. admitted to the British that western expansion had ended. a. upset the balance between free and slave states. 15 What is another way of saying “manifest destiny”? a. “clear choice” c. “people’s future” b. “obvious fate” d. “humanity’s end” b. “obvious fate” 16 How did the slavery issue get tied up with “manifest destiny” in the 1840s and ’50s? a. Slaveholders did not know if ownership claims would be honored in the new territories. b. Slavery went against the democratic values implied by the philosophy of “manifest destiny.” c. Americans did not know if the institution of slavery would be allowed in the new territories. d. Southern slaveholders thought expansion in the spirit of “manifest destiny” would cause their region to lose power. c. Americans did not know if the institution of slavery would be allowed in the new territories. 17 Americans cried “Fifty-four forty or fight!” in reference to a. the line to which they wanted their northern territory to extend. b. the line that marked the northern border of what is now California. c. the number of prisoners they wanted Santa Anna to release. d. the number of American fighters whose deaths they wanted to avenge. a. the line to which they wanted their northern territory to extend. 18 Who referred to a piece of land as a “stolen province,” and what were they talking about? a. The British, about Oregon Country b. The American Indians, about Utah c. The Mexicans, about Texas d. The Spanish, about California The Mexicans, about Texas 19 What happened during the Bear Flag Revolt? a. A union of Spanish settlers rose up against the Californios in the Mission district of San Francisco. b. General Taylor led his troops across the Rio Grande to protect Texas against a Mexican uprising. c. John C. Frémont’s mapping expedition fought off a black bear while crossing the Sierra Nevada Mountains. d. A small group of Americans seized the town of Sonoma and declared California’s independence. d. A small group of Americans seized the town of Sonoma and declared California’s independence. 20 How did the treaty that ended the Mexican-American War, signed in 1848, affect the United States? a. It drew the border line that divides the U.S. from Mexico to this day. b. It increased the size of the U.S. by almost 25 percent. c. It enabled the U.S. to collect $18 million in property taxes from Mexico. d. It gave the U.S. the southern parts of present-day Arizona and New Mexico. b. It increased the size of the U.S. by almost 25 percent. 21 How did the Gadsden Purchase benefit the United States? a. It promised to safeguard the property rights of longtime U.S. residents. b. It gave the U.S. hunting rights in the area of Texas north of the Rio Grande. c. It allowed the U.S. to purchase the northern part of present day Arizona. d. It secured a southern route for a transcontinental railroad on American soil. d. It secured a southern route for a transcontinental railroad on American soil. 22 Which challenge did Mexican Americans face when American settlers poured into the Southwest after the Mexican War? a. Mexican legal ideas included community water rights and community property rights, but American legal ideas did not. b. Mexican American communities wanted to celebrate Mexican holidays, but American settlers would not allow it. c. Mexican Americans preached Roman Catholicism, but American settlers belonged to a variety of religious groups. d. Mexican Americans had essential skills to survive and flourish in the region and were forced to share them with Americans. a. Mexican legal ideas included community water rights and community property rights, but American legal ideas did not. 23 Which of the following was a result of the mixing of various cultures in the Southwest after the Mexican Cession? a. American settlers taught Mexican Americans about mining in the mountains. b. American settlers introduced saddles and other tools to Mexican American ranchers. c. American Indians inspired the use of adobe as a building material in the Southwest. d. American Indians were taught to use money by Spanish settlers in the Southwest. c. American Indians inspired the use of adobe as a building material in the Southwest. 24 How did Brigham Young’s influence resolve the western dispute over water rights? a. Young supported the eastern U.S. tradition regarding equal access to water. b. Young promoted the idea that the good of the community should outweigh the interests of individuals. c. Young felt that irrigation was less effective than dams or canals for large-scale agriculture. d. Young felt that addressing individual water use was the key to resolving the problem for the entire community. b. Young promoted the idea that the good of the community should outweigh the interests of individuals. 25 In the 1830s to 1840s, why did a growing number of Americans travel the California Trail? a. Recently published Anglo-Californian guidebooks persuaded settlers to move to the region. b. Taken by the spirit of “manifest destiny,” many Americans decided to settle permanently at the continent’s western edge. c. American and Mexican merchants would meet in California to trade factory-made goods for precious coins, hides, and tallow. d. American cattle ranchers were attracted by the Spanish government’s promise of Mexican land. c. American and Mexican merchants would meet in California to trade factorymade goods for precious coins, hides, and tallow. 26 What lesson might a western traveler have learned from the story of the Donner party? a. “There are no good shortcuts.” b. “Always travel with a friend.” c. “Don’t always trust what you read in the papers.” d. “Help is on the way” a. “There are no good shortcuts.” 27 Which description fits the group of people known as “forty-niners”? a. gold-seekers from America and abroad who migrated to California b. middle-aged married men with previous gold-mining experience c. individualistic prospectors of California gold-mining sites d. Mexicans and South Americans who immigrated to find gold a. gold-seekers from America and abroad who migrated to California 28 Which of these statements about the consequences of the Gold Rush years is true? a. The population of San Francisco grew, by over twentyfive times, to more than 25,000. b. Mexicans and South Americans came to make up the largest foreign group in the mining region. c. The vast majority of gold-rush miners left California and took their earnings to their families back east. d. The large amount of gold in circulation in California caused severe deflation, meaning prices dropped. a. The population of San Francisco grew, by over twenty-five times, to more than 25,000. 29 What happened to California’s population as a result of the Gold Rush? a. The population grew, but not as much as it had during the Spanish and Mexican periods of settlement. b. The population boomed during “gold fever,” but declined just as quickly because of inflation. c. Immigrants and Americans flocked to California to “get rich quick” and stayed to build a stable frontier society. d. Californios and American Indians still outnumbered immigrants and Americans after the Gold Rush. c. Immigrants and Americans flocked to California to “get rich quick” and stayed to build a stable frontier society. 30 As a result of the population explosion of the “gold fever” years, California became a. eligible for statehood. b. richer than any other region in the country. c. more populous than any other region in the country. d. off limits to new immigrants. a. eligible for statehood. 31 What role did the Transcontinental Railroad play in California’s development? a. It contributed to California’s population explosion by bringing settlers to the West in the mid-1850s. b. It slowed down California’s economy because it took two decades and many thousands of dollars to complete. c. It gave California’s economy the means to grow by connecting the state to the rest of the country. d. It damaged California’s environment by requiring the development of coal mining and timber industries. c. It gave California’s economy the means to grow by connecting the state to the rest of the country. 32 What was the main job of the early mountain men of the West? a. to make maps b. to trap furs to trade with merchants c. to establish friends with Native Americans d. to cut roads through the mountains to trap furs to trade with merchants 33 All of the following were mountain men EXCEPT a. John Jacob Astor c. Jim Beckwourth b. Jedediah Smith d. Manuel Lisa a. John Jacob Astor 34 What were the meetings called that mountain men and business representatives joined up for a couple of times each year? a. compromises c. emprasarios b. engagements d. rendezvous d. rendezvous 35 Which of the following foreign nations did not have claims to the Oregon Territory in the 1800s? a. Spain b. France c. England d. Russia France 36 Which of the following trails led settlers west from either Independence, Missouri or Council Bluffs, Iowa to the Willamette Valley a. California Trail c. Mormon Trail b. Oregon Trail d. Santa Fe Trail b. Oregon Trail 37 What trail led merchants and settlers west from Independence, Missouri to New Mexico? a. California Trail c. Mormon Trail b. Oregon Trail d. Santa Fe Trail d. Santa Fe Trail 38 Who founded the Church of Jesus Christ of Later-Day Saints? a. Brigham Young c. Jim Bridger b. Jedediah Smith d. Joseph Smith d. Joseph Smith 39 Who was the leader of Mexico after they won their independence from Spain? a. Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla b. Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna c. Comte de Rochambeau d. Bartolome de Las Casas Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna 40 What battle of the Texas Revolution has stood for years as a lasting image of Texas independence? a. San Jacinto c. Mexico City b. Alamo d. Veracruz b. Alamo 41 After Texas won its independence from Mexico who was elected as the President of Texas? a. Stephen F. Austin c. Jim Bowie b. Davy Crockett d. Sam Houston d. Sam Houston 42 Britain and the United States decided on the northern border of Oregon at what point? a. the 49th Parallel c. the 60th Parallel b. the 54th Parallel d. the 63rd Parallel a. the 49th Parallel 43 What was the name of the treaty that ended the Mexican and American War? a. Treaty of San Jacinto b. Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo c. Treaty of San Marcos d. Treaty of Sierra Madre Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo 44 Who was the German immigrant that designed heavy denim pants for miners? a. Karl Wrangler c. Uli Kunkel b. Hans Gruber d. Levi Strauss d. Levi Strauss 45 The Mormon Trail ended near which of the following lakes? a. Pyramid Lake c. Lake Michigan b. Lake Barkley d. Great Salt Lake d. Great Salt Lake 46 Which of the following were agents that the Mexican government hired to bring settlers into the area of Texas? a. Empresarios c. Vaqueros b. Encomiendas d. Conquistadors a. Empresarios 47 What were the first families known as that Stephen F. Austin took to settle in the Texas area? a. The First Five Hundred b. The Old Three Hundred c. The Fabulous Four Hundred d. The New Two Hundred The Old Three Hundred 48 Who was put in charge of the Texas army after they declared independence from Mexico? a. Stephen Austin c. Jonathan Vegas b. Sam Houston d. Sebastian Colorado b. Sam Houston 49 At what battle were approximately 200 rebel volunteers able to hold off Mexican General Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna with about 1800 troops for 12 days at an old mission outside of San Antonio? a. Battle of San Juan Capistrano b. Battle at the Alamo c. Battle of San Jacinto d. Battle of Goliad Battle at the Alamo 50 What were Tejanos? a. A person of Spanish heritage that considered Texas their home b. A person of Native American and Spanish heritage that considered Texas their home c. A Texas native that had moved to Mexico to get away from the Mission System d. A trader or merchant that traveled the Santa Fe trail onto to Dallas or Houston and decided to reside in Texas a. A person of Spanish heritage that considered Texas their home 51 When did Texas become a part of the United States after the U.S. Congress and Texas Congress finally voted them in? a. November of 1844 c. September of 1847 b. December of 1845 d. October of 1848 b. December of 1845 52 What did President Polk send diplomat John Slidell to Mexico City for? a. To explain that we had decided to declare war on them and wanted to give them advanced notice before we attacked b. To try and settle the border dispute by purchasing New Mexico and California c. To discuss where Texas should put their capital following it gaining its independence from Spain and Mexico d. To get Mexico to pay the United States not to attack them since we were in need of money to pay off our debts from the Spanish American War b. To try and settle the border dispute by purchasing New Mexico and California 53 Where was the disputed territory between the United States and Mexico? a. The far Northwestern part of Mexican Territory in California between San Francisco up to the southern border of the Oregon Country b. The Southwestern part of the area of Texas between the Nueces River and the Rio Grande River c. The far Eastern part of Texas between San Antonio and New Orleans on the Gulf of Mexico d. The area of present day Florida between the part known as the pan-handle as far south as Orlando b. The Southwestern part of the area of Texas between the Nueces River and the Rio Grande River 54 What location did President Polk send General Zachary Taylor to take up camp, knowing it would irritate the Mexican Army and most likely lead to a fight? a. To the northern border of the Rio Grande River b. All the way down to Monterey, south of San Francisco in California c. To the outskirts of Mexico’s capital city of Mexico City d. To the eastern border of New Orleans on the Mississippi River a. To the northern border of the Rio Grande River 55 Who was the leading abolitionist from the North that argued that slavery would most likely spread as the country grew in land size? a. Frederick Douglass b. George Washington Carver c. Henry Clay d. Booker T. Washington Frederick Douglass 56 Who was the representative from Illinois that questioned whether or not the war was necessary and asked President Polk, “where Mexicans shed American blood on American soil?” a. Henry Clay c. Abraham Lincoln b. Daniel Webster d. John C. Calhoun c. Abraham Lincoln 57 What was the name given to the acquisition of the entire states of Nevada, California and Utah and parts of Arizona, New Mexico, Colorado and Wyoming called? a. Gadsden Purchase c. Spanish Selloff b. Mexican Cession d. Rio Grande Treaty b. Mexican Cession 58 How much did we agree to pay Mexico for the acquisition of the entire states of Nevada, California and Utah and parts of Arizona, New Mexico, Colorado and Wyoming? a. 8 million dollars c. 22 million dollars b. 15 million dollars d. 30 million dollars b. 15 million dollars 59 Which of the following were the types of discrimination that Native Americans, Mexican Americans and Mexicans faced in the areas The United States acquired in the treaty that ended the Mexican-American War? a. Legal c. Social b. Economic d. All of these choices d. All of these choices 60 What trail did the California Trail follow until it reached the Snake River in present-day Idaho and went South toward Sutter’s Fort? a. Santa Fe Trail c. Nevada Trail b. Oregon Trail d. Washington Trail b. Oregon Trail 61 Who was the worker that was working for John Sutter on his mill when he discovered gold In January 1848? a. James Marshall c. John C. Fremont b. Stephen Kearney d. Mick Jagger a. James Marshall 62 What name was given to forty-niners that were looking and trying to find gold in California? a. Searchers c. Prospectors b. Panners d. Entrepreneurs c. Prospectors 63 Which of the following describe the type of searching for gold called “placer mining”? a. digging shallow into the earth and breaking rocks using a hammer and pick b. using a pan or other device to wash gold nuggets out of loose rock or gravel c. taking a large hammer or sledgehammer to break boulders into smaller rocks hoping to find gold d. using dynamite or blasting caps to blow up small areas and look for shiny materials b. using a pan or other device to wash gold nuggets out of loose rock or gravel 64 Which of the following best describes the average fortyniner? a. Young, unmarried men in search of adventure b. Middle aged men whose wife had left them and they had nothing to lose c. Hard working, married men with families that had debts that finding gold would do away with d. Foreigners from India, Russia and the Middle East that wanted to come strike it rich a. Young, unmarried men in search of adventure 65 What foreign country that had suffered famine and bad economic hardships came to California looking for great wealth and then planned to return home? a. India c. China b. Russia d. Germany c. China Congratulations you are finished make sure to go through this several times so you will know the material.