Download Pilgrims

2.3 Puritan and Pilgrims
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Religious Reasons
-Henry VIII begins the Anglican
Church
-Reformers want to rid the church
of all Roman Catholic traditions
- Pilgrims 1620
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- Puritans 1629
wanted to purify the Church of
England
individual and congregational
control of religion
Pilgrims
The immigration of the Pilgrims to
New England occurred in stages.
But that they had to go somewhere
became apparent soon enough.
Theirs was the position of the
Separatist: they believed that the
reforms of the Anglican church had
not gone far enough,
This of course meant leaving
the country, and they left for
Holland in 1608.
After 12 years, they decided
to move again. Having gone
back to England to
obtain the backing of the
Virginia Company,
102 Pilgrims set out for
America
Pilgrims
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-Pilgrims also called Separatists
because they wanted to practice
their own religion
-Plymouth Mass. 1620
-Mayflower Compact
set up direct democracy for the
colony
When creating the Mayflower Compact, the signers
believed that covenants were not only to be honored
between God and man, but also between each other.
They had always honored covenants as part of their
righteous integrity and agreed to be bound by this
same principle with the Compact. John Adams and
many historians have referred to the Mayflower
Compact as the foundation of the U.S. Constitution
written more than 150 later.
The Mayflower’s passengers knew that the New
World’s earlier settlers failed due to a lack of
government. They hashed out the content and
eventually composed the Compact for the sake of
their own survival.
All 41 of the adult male members on the Mayflower
signed the Compact. Being the first written laws
for the new land, the Compact determined
authority within the settlement and was the
observed as such until 1691. This established that
the colony (mostly persecuted Separatists), was
to be free of English law. It was devised to set up
a government from within themselves and was
written by those to be governed.
Pilgrims
-colony struggled but received
Indian help to grow crops
Thanksgiving
Squanto
-William Bradford
Pilgrim leader
“Of Plymouth Plantation”
Massachusetts Bay Company
-Puritans
-John Winthrop - lawyer
-City on a Hill
be an example to the world
Special covenant with God - create moral
society to serve as beacon on the hill
-connection between church and
state
- right to vote only for stockholders and
adult male members of the Church
- taxes paid for Puritan church
-strict adherence to Puritan rules
Puritan Dissent
-Anne Hutchinson
belief in individual worship
banished in famous trial
fled to R.I.
Puritan Dissent
-Roger Williams
Separation of Church and State
exiled from the colony
fled and founded Providence R.I.
Indian Resistance
-some cooperation but short lived
-disease, land, and religion caused
disputes
-Pequot War, 1637
massacre of Indians
-King Philip’s War 1657
lots of deaths on both sides but
colonists win and Indian
resistance fades
New Netherlands
-Henry Hudson
-Englishman sailing for the Dutch
-Explored the Hudson R. and
Hudson Bay areas
-Dutch found colony at New
Amsterdam
-lots of different immigrants
-religious freedom
-English take colony in 1664
-renamed New York
-Part of the region divided into the
colony of New Jersey