Download Chapter 11 ANIMATION

Chapter 11
ANIMATION
 Group Name: Creative Web World
 Jose T Barriga
 Claudia L. Espinosa
 Ranjana Agarwal
Animation adds visual impact to your
Multimedia projects and Web Pages
 It is possible to
animate a whole
project or only part of
it.
 Visual effects are
available in most
authoroting packages.
 Macromedia Director
and Adobe Premier
have many transition
effects.
PRINCIPLES OF ANIMATION
 Animation is possible because of a biological
phenomenon known as persistence of vision
and a psychological phenomenon called phi.
 When a person sees an object, it remains
chemically mapped on the eye’s retina for a
brief time after viewing it.
 Our mind perceives this action as a visual
illusion of movement.
PRINCIPLES OF ANIMATION
 Television uses 30 frames per second.
Meanwhile, movies on film are shot at a rate
of 24 frames per second.
 If you plan to create an animation, first it is
useful to create a written script with a list of
activities and required objects. Then you can
build your sequences and experiment with
effects.
CEL ANIMATION
 Disney used a series of different graphics on
each frame of movie film. A minute of
animation may require 1,440 separate
frames.
 In order to create a movie, they used celluloid
sheets for drawing each frame. Today it has
been replaced by acetate or plastic.
 Cel animation artwork begins with keyframes
that are the first and last frame of an action.
CEL ANIMATION
 The series of frames in between the
keyframes are drawn in a process called
tweening.
 Tweening an action requires calculating the
number of frames between keyframes and
the path the action takes.
 The penciled frames are assembled and
filmed to check smoothness, continuity, and
timing. If they are satisfactory, they are inked
and painted on.
COMPUTER ANIMATION
 Employs the same procedural concept as cel
animation. It uses layer, keyframe, and
tweening techniques.
 The word inks means special methods for
computing RGB pixel values so that the
images can mix their colors to produce
special transparencies and effects.
 The smaller the object, the faster it can move.
KINEMATICS
 Kinematics is the
study of the
movement and
motion of structures
that have joints such
as a walking man.
 In order to animate a
walking step, you
need to calculate the
position, rotation,
velocity, and
acceleration of all
parts involved.
MORPHING
 Morphing is an effect in
which one image
transforms into another.
It is possible not only
using still images but
also using moving
images.
 Some examples of
products that offer
morphing features are
Avid’s Elastic Reality,
Human Software’s
Squizz, Image Ware’s
Morph Wizard among
others.
MORPHING
 The previous figure illustrates how the
images of 16 kindergarten children are
dissolved one into the other in a continuous
compelling motion video.
 These morphed images were built at a rate of
eight frames per second, and the number of
keypoints was held to a minimum to shorten
rendering time.
 The point you set in the start image will move
to the corresponding point in the end image.
ANIMATION FILE FORMATS
 The file formats designed to contain
animations include Director (.dir, .dcr),
Studio Max(.max), Motion
Video(.mpeg, .mpg),
Compuserve(.gif), and Flash(.swf)
among others.
MAKING ANIMATIONS THAT WORK
 The most widely used tool for creating
multimedia animations for Macintosh and
Windows environments is Macromedia;s
Director.
 If you want to create a rolling ball, you can
use Photoshop and Kai’s Power Tools’
Spheroid Designer to do that.
 First, create a new blank image file that is
100X100 pixels, and fill it with a sphere.
A ROLLING BALL
 The next step is to
create a new layer in
Photoshop, and place
some text on this layer.
 Spherize the text using
Photoshop’s distortion
filter, and save the
results. To animate the
sphere you need to
make a number of
rotated images of the
sphere.
A ROLLING BALL
 Rotate the image in 45-
degree increments to
create eight images.
 You can make a
bouncing ball to
animate your Web site
using GIF89a.
 You can also make the
ball with a 3-D graphics
tool that will shade it as
sphere.
A BOUNCING BALL
 Then duplicate the ball by placing each copy
of it in a vertical line at the ten locations
1,4,9,16,25,36,49,64,81,100. Our goal is to
create a separate image file for each location
of the ball.
 You can also do this construction process
with Director or Flash.
 You can also add a back ground and other art
elements. Then export each frame using the
export function.
A BOUNCING BALL
 With applications
like GifBuilder for
macintosh or Gif
Construction Set for
Windows, you can
turn your collection
of images into
GIF89a animation.