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Do Now: What is a machine? In what ways do we rely on machines? Think of examples! Lab Next Week! Guided Notes Sheet Project due Wednesday 4/20 What is a Simple Machine? A simple machine has few or no moving parts. Simple machines make work easier Bill Nye Video Clip The 6 Simple Machines Inclined Plane Screw Pulley Lever Wedge Wheel and Axle Definitions: Energy= Ability to do work Work= Force x Distance Force= A push or a pull Effort= An applied force Output= Force produced by the machine Work input and output Work input is the amount of work done on a machine. Input force x input distance Work output is the amount of work done by a machine. Output force x output distance W out = W in Dout F out x D out = F in x D in 3m 10N x 3m = 2N x 15m 10 N Din 15 m Fin Mechanical Advantage Mechanical Advantage (MA) compares output and effort (input) Output force MA = Effort (input) force The greater the MA, the less work you have to do to achieve the same force! Inclined Planes An inclined plane is a flat surface that is higher on one end Inclined planes make the work of moving things easier Inclined Plane Brain pop clip Inclined Plane The Egyptians used simple machines to build the pyramids. One method was to build a very long ramp rising to the top of the pyramid very gently. The blocks of stone were placed on large logs (another type of simple machine - the wheel and axle) and pushed to the top of the pyramid. Ideal vs. Actual Mechanical Advantage for an Inclined Plane IMA = Length of incline ÷ Height of incline AMA = Output force ÷ Input force *There are no units for MA Screw (a type of Inclined Plane) Wedges Two inclined planes joined back to back. Wedges are used to split things. A slanted surface that moves. A Lever A rigid object free to pivot around some fixed point Fulcrum = the pivot point Brain Pop - Levers Rube Goldberg Complex “Girls” Machine