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Biology 3rd Block Room 128
Mr. R. Bair Biology Teacher
Mrs. MV Smith Resource Teacher
Date: October 16, 2007
Drill
Oxygen present-Aerobic Respiration
No Oxygen-Anaerobic Respiration
Reactant
Glucose
2 ATP
4 ADP
2NAD+
Product
Pyruvic Acid
2 ADP
4 ATPP
2NADPH
Net
2 ATP
2NADH
Krebs cycle occurs in the mitochondria
Glycolysis occurs in the cytoplasm
Krebs Cycle
Electron Transport Chain
Biology 3rd Block Room 128
Mr. R. Bair Biology Teacher
Mrs. MV Smith Resource Teacher
Krebs cycle or the citric acid cycle or tricarboxylic acid cycle,occurs in mitochondria, is the common
pathway to completely oxidize fuel molecules which mostly is acetyl CoA ,the product from the oxidative
decarboxylation of pyruvate.It enters the cycle and passes ten steps of reactions that yield energy and
CO2
PACKSMO remember this order
Anaerobic Respiration Done by some Eukaryotes & some Prokaryotes
Glycolysis
Fermentation (alcohol)
Glycolysis
Reactants
2 ATP
NAD+
4ADP
Products
ADP
NADH
4 ATP
Pyruvic Acid
Krebs Cycle
Reactants
NAD+
FAD
Pyruvic Acid
ADP
Products
NADH
FADH2
CO2
2ADP
Electron Transport Chain
Reactants Products
NADH
NAD+
FADH2
FAD
O2
H2O
34 ADP
34ATP
 Packsmo
Biology 3rd Block Room 128
Aerobic (aerobe)
Anaerobic (anaerobe)
Process
Glycolysis
Glycolysis
Mr. R. Bair Biology Teacher
Mrs. MV Smith Resource Teacher
Product
Process
Product
Pyruvic Acid Krebs Cycle
FADH2, NADH
Pyruvic Acid Fermentation Lactic Acid (Ethyl Alcohol)
Process
ETC
Fermentation
1.
a. Occurs in cytoplasm
b. Anaerobic
c. 0 ATP (no ATP is made)
Fermentation
Better to go thru Aerobic respiration
Fermentation:
In fermentation these pyruvic acid molecules are turned into some “waste” product, and a little bit of energy (only two ATP
molecules per molecule of glucose – actually four are produced in glycolysis, but two are used up) is produced. Out of many
possible types of fermentation processes, two of the most common types are lactic acid fermentation and alcohol fermentation.
Lactic acid fermentation is done by some fungi, some bacteria like the Lactobacillus acidophilus. in yogurt, and sometimes by our
muscles. Normally our muscles do cellular respiration like the rest of our bodies, using O 2 supplied by our lungs and blood.
However, under greater exertion when the oxygen supplied by the lungs and blood system can’t get there fast enough to keep up
with the muscles’ needs, our muscles can switch over and do lactic acid fermentation. In the process of lactic acid fermentation, the
3-carbon pyruvic acid molecules are turned into lactic acid. It is the presence of lactic acid in yogurt that gives it its sour taste, and
Biology 3rd Block Room 128
Mr. R. Bair Biology Teacher
Mrs. MV Smith Resource Teacher
it is the presence of lactic acid in our muscles “the morning after” that makes them so sore. Once our muscles form lactic acid, they
can’t do anything else with it, so until it is gradually washed away by the blood stream and carried to the liver (which is able to get
rid of it), our over-exerted muscles feel stiff and sore even if they haven’t been physically injured.
Alcohol fermentation is done by yeast and some kinds of bacteria. The “waste” products of this process are ethanol and carbon
dioxide (CO2). Humans have long taken advantage of this process in making bread, beer, and wine. In bread making, it is the CO 2
which forms and is trapped between the gluten (a long protein in wheat) molecules that causes the bread to rise, and the ethanol
(often abbreviated as EtOH – do you remember how to draw it?) evaporating that gives it its wonderful smell while baking. The
effects of the ethanol in beer and wine are something with which many college students are familiar (sometimes too familiar?), and
it is the CO2 produced by the process of fermentation that makes these beverages effervescent.
http://biology.clc.uc.edu/courses/bio104/cellresp.htm
1) Anaerobic –Animal
(fermentation)
Lactic Acid makes your arm hurts (chemical messenger) oxygen deprivation (oxygen debt)
Train to stay away from the anaerobic side
Pyruvic Acid
(3C)
Lactic Acid (3C)
OATP
2+O=2ATP
This lasts for 5 seconds, open and close fists
Lactic Acid makes your arm hurts (chemical messenger) oxygen deprivation (oxygen debt)
Train to stay away from the anaerobic side
2) Anaerobic –Plant /Fungi
CO2
Pyruvic Acid
Ethanol (2C)
(3C)
2 + O=2ATP
(grain alcohol)
Facultative Anaerobic- can use either (human)
Strict Anaerobe- only use anaerobic respiration
Glucose
Net= 2ATP
O2 (animal)
2 Pyruvic Acid + 4 ATP
-O2 Plant/fungi
Pyruvic Acid
Biology 3rd Block Room 128
Mr. R. Bair Biology Teacher
Mrs. MV Smith Resource Teacher
+O2
CO2
Lactic Acid
+0 ATP+
+ 2 ATP from GLY
+2 ATP
Acetyl CoA (2C)
Oxaloacetic Acid (4C)
Krebs Cycle
+
2 ATP
Ethanol
+0 ATP from fermentation
+ 2 ATP FROM GLY
+2 ATP
Electron Transport Chain
PACKSMO Easy way to remember
Citric Acid (6C)
2ADP
Malic Acid (4C)
2ATP
CO2
Succenic Acid
CO2
34+2+2=38ATP
Best bet for energy
+34 ATP from ETC
+ 2 ATP from Krebs
+2 ATP from GLY
Ketogluteric Acid (5C)
ETC 34 ATP + H20
38 ATP
III> Krebs Cycle
a. Occurs in the mitochondria
b. Aerobic respiration
Krebs cycle or the citric acid cycle or tricarboxylic acid cycle,occurs in mitochondria, is the common
pathway to completely oxidize fuel molecules which mostly is acetyl CoA ,the product from the oxidative
decarboxylation of pyruvate.It enters the cycle and passes ten steps of reactions that yield energy and
CO2
Biology 3rd Block Room 128
Mr. R. Bair Biology Teacher
Mrs. MV Smith Resource Teacher